Schizophrenia, Affective Psychoses, and Other Disorders Treated with Neuroleptic Drugs: The Enigma of Tardive Dyskinesia, Its Neurobiological Determinants, and the Conflict of Paradigms

Implications of Normal Brain Development for the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

1987 • 3,683 citations

Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process?

1980 • 1,877 citations

ECDEU Assessment Manual

1976 • 1,644 citations

Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder?

1987 • 838 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia

1982 • 660 citations

The Neural Basis of Oral and Facial Function

1978 • 589 citations

The neuropsychology of facial expression: A review of the neurological and psychological mechanisms for producing facial expressions.

1984 • 529 citations

Structural Abnormalities in the Frontal System in Schizophrenia

1986 • 489 citations

A rating scale for tardive dyskinesia

1979 • 389 citations

Spontaneous Involuntary Disorders of Movement

1982 • 338 citations

Changes in Prevalence, Severity, and Recovery in Tardive Dyskinesia With Age

1980 • 308 citations

An experimental model of tardive dyskinesia

1972 • 276 citations

Dopaminergic supersensitivity after neuroleptics: Time-course and specificity

1978 • 271 citations

The Disabilities of Chronic Schizophrenia—their Nature and the Factors Contributing to their Development

1980 • 258 citations

Association with persistent neuroleptic-induced dyskinesia of regional changes in brain GABA synthesis

1984 • 252 citations

Lateral ventricular size in schizophrenia: relationship to the disease process and its clinical manifestations

1985 • 218 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: review and update

1980 • 210 citations

Neurobiological substrates of tardive dyskinesia: the GABA hypothesis

1984 • 209 citations

Integrating incidence and prevalence of tardive dyskinesia.

1986 • 209 citations

Post-mortem Study of Chronic Schizophrenic Brains

1987 • 203 citations

Spontaneous Orofacial Dyskinesia and Dopaminergic Function in Rats After 6 Months of Neuroleptic Treatment

1983 • 193 citations

The neural basis of oral and facial function

1979 • 191 citations

Para-amino-salicylic acid in pulmonary tuberculosis.

1949 • 187 citations

The Motor Disorders of Severe Psychiatric Illness: A Conflict of Paradigms

1985 • 178 citations

Assessment of Tardive Dyskinesia Using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale

1985 • 168 citations

Dopamine and Serotonin Systems in Human and Rodent Brain: Effects of Age and Neurodegenerative Disease

1987 • 167 citations

Tardive dyskinesia

1988 • 162 citations

Therapeutic Strategies Against Tardive Dyskinesia

1982 • 159 citations

Cognitive Dysfunction, Negative Symptoms, and Tardive Dyskinesia in Schizophrenia

1987 • 155 citations

Primary respiratory rhythm generator in the medulla of brainstem-spinal cord preparation from newborn rat

1988 • 153 citations

Extrapyramidal signs in Alzheimer's disease

1984 • 153 citations

Free radicals and tardive dyskinesia

1986 • 151 citations

Clinical nonrecognition of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders: a cautionary study

1987 • 149 citations

Positive and Negative Syndromes in Chronic Schizophrenic Inpatients

1984 • 143 citations

A Study of Facial Dyskinesia in a Mental Hospital Population

1971 • 139 citations

Changing epidemiology of tardive dyskinesia: an overview

1981 • 137 citations

The effects of haloperidol on synaptic patterns in the rat striatum

1985 • 127 citations

Dyskinesia. Research and treatment.

1985 • 126 citations

Nicotine exposure and tardive dyskinesia

1987 • 120 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia and Dementia

1979 • 115 citations

Penrsistent Tardive Dyskinesia in Bipolar Patients

1986 • 114 citations

Late paraphrenia: Neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography

1987 • 114 citations

Brain γ-Aminobutyric Acid Abnormality in Tardive Dyskinesia

1987 • 112 citations

Neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism in older schizophrenics

1987 • 107 citations

EVIDENCE OF ENHANCED LIPID PEROXIDATION IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS TAKING PHENOTHIAZINES

1987 • 105 citations

Abnormal Involuntary Movements in Schizophrenia

1982 • 104 citations

Schizophrenics With Tardive Dyskinesia

1985 • 98 citations

Evidence for cell loss in corpus striatum after long-term treatment with a neuroleptic drug (flupenthixol) in rats

1978 • 96 citations

The D-1 Dopamine Receptor and the Search for its Functional Role: From Neurochemistry to Behaviour

1987 • 95 citations

The positive/negative symptom distinction in schizophrenia validity and etiological relevance

1988 • 93 citations

Neurologic Abnormalities in Schizophrenic Patients and Their Families

1986 • 93 citations

Age-Sex Trends of Phobic and Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents

1981 • 92 citations

Orofacial Dyskinesia

1971 • 90 citations

Abnormal Movements and Prognosis in Schizophrenia

1971 • 87 citations

Morbidity and mortality in tardive dyskinesia: associations in chronic schizophrenia

1987 • 87 citations

Familial Schizophrenia

1982 • 85 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: a 3-year follow-up study

1983 • 83 citations

SPONTANEOUS BUCCOLINGUOFACIAL DYSKINESIA IN THE ELDERLY

2009 • 82 citations

Sub-syndromes of tardive dyskinesia

1980 • 82 citations

Familial tardive dyskinesia

1981 • 81 citations

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging in Chronic Schizophrenia

1987 • 80 citations

Late Onset Involuntary Movements in Chronic Schizophrenia: Relationship of ‘Tardive’ Dyskinesia to Intellectual Impairment and Negative Symptoms

1986 • 79 citations

[Significance of trigeminal degeneration in speech disorders in hereditary ataxia].

1957 • 76 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia in the Aged

1985 • 75 citations

The Significance of Brain Damage in Persistent Oral Dyskinesia

1970 • 75 citations

Increased ventricle-to-brain ratio in late-onset schizophrenia

1987 • 74 citations

Clinical forms of severe tardive dyskinesia

1987 • 73 citations

An unusual cluster of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia: association with cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms

1986 • 73 citations

A Prospective Study of Tardive Dyskinesia Development

1982 • 72 citations

Prevalence of spontaneous lingual‐facial‐buccal dyskinesias in the elderly

1982 • 69 citations

Positive and negative subtypes in acute schizophrenia

1984 • 69 citations

Tardive dystonia and severe tardive dyskinesia

1985 • 68 citations

Alzheimer's disease: neuropathological correlates of cognitive and motor disorders

1987 • 68 citations

Cognitive Dysfunction and Tardive Dyskinesia

1983 • 67 citations

Prevalence of abnormal involuntary movements (?spontaneous dyskinesias?) in the normal elderly

1982 • 66 citations

The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in a mentally retarded population.

1986 • 66 citations

Environmental and familial predictors of attention behavior in chronic schizophrenics

1971 • 66 citations

Tardive dyskinesia as a life-threatening illness

1978 • 65 citations

Primitive (developmental) reflexes and diffuse cerebral dysfunction in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder: Overrepresentation in patients with tardive dyskinesia

1988 • 65 citations

Relation of Neuroleptic Dose and Tardive Dyskinesia to Attention, Information-Processing, and Psychophysiology in Medicated Schizophrenics

1985 • 64 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia

1984 • 64 citations

Tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia and other disorders: Associations with ageing, cognitive dysfunction and structural brain pathology in relation to neuroleptic exposure

1987 • 64 citations

Edentulous orodyskinesia

1983 • 64 citations

Tolerance and selective cross-tolerance to the motivational effects of opioids

1988 • 64 citations

Prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in elderly samples.

1984 • 64 citations

Postural and motor asymmetries in newlyborns.

1987 • 64 citations

Oral asymmetries during verbal and non-verbal movements of the mouth

1987 • 63 citations

Differential diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia: an overview

1981 • 63 citations

Effects of Chlorpromazine on the Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in the Various Regions of Aging Rat Brain

1984 • 62 citations

Synaptic rearrangements in medial prefrontal cortex of haloperidol-treated rats

1985 • 62 citations

The coexistence of parkinsonism-like symptoms and tardive dyskinesia

1982 • 61 citations

Depression-Dependent Dyskinesias in Two Cases of Manic-Depressive Illness

1981 • 61 citations

Association of intellectual impairment, negative symptoms, and aging with tardive dyskinesia: clinical and animal studies.

1985 • 61 citations

Complications of tardive dyskinesia: A review

1985 • 60 citations

Respiratory irregularity and tardive dyskinesia A prevalence study

1986 • 59 citations

Computerized tomography in tardive dyskinesia

1983 • 57 citations

Reliability and Validity of a Tardive Dyskinesia Videotape Rating Technique

1982 • 57 citations

Tardive dyskinesia and the primary psychiatric diagnosis

1984 • 57 citations

Lateralization of neuroleptic-induced dyskinesia indicates pharmacologic asymmetry in the brain

1980 • 56 citations

Tardive dyskinesia associated with metoclopramide.

1984 • 54 citations

The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Survey: II. Abnormal Movements

1982 • 54 citations

A five year follow-up study of tardive dyskinesia.

1986 • 54 citations

Familial occurrence of tardive dyskinesia.

1981 • 49 citations

Mortality of patients with tardive dyskinesia

1978 • 49 citations

Anticholinergic Challenge and Neuroleptic Withdrawal

1984 • 48 citations

Heterogeneity of Tardive Dyskinesia

1988 • 48 citations

The Reversibility of “Permanent” Tardive Dyskinesia

1984 • 47 citations

Spontaneous Dyskinesias vs. Neuroleptic-induced Dyskinesias in 270 Elderly Subjects

1980 • 46 citations

Quantitative Assessment of Neuroleptic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms

1983 • 46 citations

Distinguishing Akathisia and Tardive Dyskinesia

1983 • 45 citations

Evaluation of CT scans in tardive dyskinesia

1980 • 45 citations

A comparison of purposeless movements in psychiatric patients treated with antipsychotic drugs, and normal individuals.

1983 • 44 citations

Pharmacologic Characterization of Tardive Dyskinesia

1988 • 44 citations

Prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in affective disorder patients.

1983 • 44 citations

Cognitive impairment in tardive dyskinesia

1985 • 43 citations

Cognitive functions in tardive dyskinesia

1983 • 43 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: Two-year recovery

1981 • 39 citations

Tardive dyskinesia in bipolar affective disorder: aging, cognitive dysfunction, course of illness, and exposure to neuroleptics and lithium

1988 • 39 citations

Tardive dyskinesia and affective disorder

1996 • 38 citations

Noradrenergic and neuroradiological abnormalities in tardive dyskinesia

1986 • 38 citations

Prevalence of spontaneous oral dyskinesia in the elderly

1982 • 38 citations

Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Tardive Dyskinesia

1985 • 37 citations

Neurological abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder.

1984 • 37 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: A two-year follow-up study

1984 • 37 citations

Tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenics under 60 years of age

1986 • 36 citations

The Expression of Schizophrenia, Affective Disorder and Vulnerability to Tardive Dyskinesia in an Extensive Pedigree

1988 • 36 citations

In vivo effects of psychotropic agents on the physical properties of cell membranes in the rat brain

1985 • 35 citations

[Tardive dyskinesia and affective disorders].

1988 • 35 citations

Mortality and Facial Dyskinesia

1986 • 35 citations

COGNITIVE AND EVOKED RESPONSE MEASURES OF INFORMATION PROCESSING IN SCHIZOPHRENICS WITH AND WITHOUT A FAMILY HISTORY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

1978 • 35 citations

Behavioural responses to the selective D₁‐dopamine receptor agonist R‐SK&F 38393 and the selective D₂‐agonist RU 24213 in young compared with aged rats

1988 • 35 citations

Tardive dyskinesia and cognitive impairment

1987 • 34 citations

Cytotoxic effects of neuroleptic drugs

1987 • 34 citations

Neuroleptic-related dyskinesias in autistic children: a prospective study.

1985 • 33 citations

Memory impairment in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia

1988 • 33 citations

The prevalence of lingual‐facial‐buccal dyskinesias in the elderly

1986 • 32 citations

The pathophysiological basis of tardive dyskinesia

1979 • 32 citations

Lateral ventricular size and drug-induced parkinsonism

1983 • 30 citations

Serum neuroleptic activity, prolactin, and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenic outpatients

1983 • 29 citations

Coexistent Tardive Dyskinesia and Parkinsonism

1987 • 29 citations

Involuntary orofacial movements in hospitalised patients with mental handicap or epilepsy: relationship to developmental/intellectual deficit and presence or absence of long-term exposure to neuroleptics.

1988 • 28 citations

Amygdaloid projections to commissural interneurons for masticatory motoneurons

1988 • 28 citations

Relationship Between the B-Mitten EEG Pattern and Tardive Dyskinesia

1979 • 28 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: Relation to computer-tomographic, endocrine, and psychopathological variables

1985 • 28 citations

State-dependent tardive dyskinesia in manic-depressive illness.

1983 • 26 citations

Ms. Richardson and Dr. Craig Reply

1982 • 25 citations

Anosognosia in Tardive Dyskinesia: "Tardive Dysmentia" or "Tardive Dementia"?

1986 • 25 citations

The differential diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia

1981 • 25 citations

Cognitive Sequelae of Tardive Dyskinesia

1988 • 25 citations

Is the dopamine hypothesis of tardive dyskinesia completely wrong?

1986 • 25 citations

Essential tremor and buccolinguofacial dyskinesias

1982 • 25 citations

Sight and Insight: Brain Dopamine Receptor Occupancy by Neuroleptics Visualised in Living Schizophrenic Patients by Positron Emission Tomography

1989 • 24 citations

A cell membrane correlate of tardive dyskinesia in patients treated with phenothiazines

1986 • 24 citations

Defect symptoms and abnormal involuntary movement in schizophrenia

1986 • 23 citations

Neuroleptic-Induced Tardive Dyskinesias in Nonpsychotic Patients

1974 • 23 citations

Tardive dyskinesia and depressive symptoms in schizophrenics.

1985 • 23 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: Marked predominance of nongenetic schizophrenia

1985 • 22 citations

The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Survey V. Follow-up of Tardive Dyskinesia at3-1/2 years

1986 • 22 citations

Orofacial Dyskinesia, Cognitive Function and Medication

1986 • 21 citations

A comparison of two iatrogenic dyskinesias

1983 • 21 citations

Mania‐induced remission of tardive dyskinesia in manic‐depressive illness

1982 • 21 citations

Screening for tardive dyskinesia.

1986 • 21 citations

Intra-patient variability in the measurement of tardive dyskinesia

1982 • 21 citations

Early versus late onset psychosis and tardive dyskinesia

1986 • 21 citations

Seven-year follow-up of tardive dyskinesia in Hungarian outpatients*1

1988 • 20 citations

Further anomalies in the dopamine receptor supersensitivity hypothesis of tardive dyskinesia

1985 • 20 citations

Factors influencing the prevalence and severity of tardive dyskinesia.

1984 • 20 citations

Release phenomena and iterative activities in psychiatric geriatric patients.

1974 • 20 citations

The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia.

1985 • 19 citations

Accelerometric assessment of tardive dyskinesia

1987 • 19 citations

Clinical profiles of tardive dyskinesia

1981 • 19 citations

Tardive dyskinesia with inflated neurons of the cerebellar dentate nucleus

1987 • 17 citations

Drs. Casey and Rabins Reply

1978 • 17 citations

Tardive dyskinesias and drugs

1986 • 17 citations

Organicity and tardive dyskinesia

1982 • 17 citations

AIMS Ratings – Repeatability

1988 • 16 citations

Tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenics

1987 • 16 citations

Clinical and Legal Issues in Neuroleptic Use

1983 • 16 citations

The clinical association of tardive dyskinesia and drug-induced parkinsonism.

1983 • 16 citations

The lateralization of tardive dyskinesia.

1984 • 15 citations

Depression as a predictor in the development of tardive dyskinesia.

1984 • 15 citations

EMG patterns in abnormal involuntary movements induced by neuroleptics.

1984 • 15 citations

Speech Abnormalities in Tardive Dyskinesia

1984 • 14 citations

Lateral asymmetries of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia

1988 • 14 citations

Asymmetry of abnormal involuntary movements: a prevalence study.

1984 • 13 citations

An Ultrasound Technique for the Measurement of Tardive Dyskinesia

1981 • 13 citations

Dyskinesia, antipsychotic-drug exposure and risk factors in a developmentally-disabled population

1988 • 12 citations

Characterization of Abnormal Respiratory Movements in Schizophrenic, Bipolar and Mentally Handicapped Patients with Typical Tardive Dyskinesia

1989 • 11 citations

Abnormal Involuntary Movements and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1983 • 11 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia and Steady-State Serum Levels of Thiothixene

1987 • 10 citations

A Study of State-Dependent Reversal of Tardive Dyskinesia

1985 • 9 citations

Tardive dyskinesia: natural history studies assist the pursuit of preventive therapies

1986 • 9 citations

Tardive dyskinesia and psychopathology in chronic schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study

1985 • 8 citations

Vulnerability to tardive dyskinesia.

1985 • 8 citations

Quantification of choreatic movements by Doppler radar

2009 • 8 citations

Cognitive performance of medicated schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia

1985 • 7 citations

Measuring Abnormal Movement in Tardive Dyskinesia: A Pilot Study

1985 • 7 citations

Serum dopamine beta hydroxylase activity and tardive dyskinesia

1987 • 6 citations

Tardive Dyskinesia and Perceptual Dysfunction

1981 • 5 citations

The effect of tardive dyskinesia on body weight

1987 • 5 citations

Chronic trifluoperazine treatment does not induce lipid peroxidation in the rat cortex

1987 • 4 citations

Reply from Waddington

1986 • 4 citations

BAEP abnormalities in tardive dyskinesia

1984 • 4 citations

A Long Term Prospective Study of Electroencephalographic and Neuropsychological Correlates of Tardive Dyskinesia: Initial Findings at Five Year Follow-Up

1983 • 4 citations

The Evaluation of an Ultrasound Detector (UD) in the Measurement of Oro-facial Dyskinesia

1987 • 4 citations

Orofacial dyskinesia in stupor and coma

1988 • 3 citations

Calcium metabolism and abnormal involuntary movements (tardive dyskinesia) in psychosis

1988 • 3 citations

Vulnerability to involuntary movements in relation to family history of schizophrenia and obstetric complications

1988 • 3 citations

Cognitive function in schizophrenia followed prospectively over 5 years: Do neuropsychological deficits reflect active or static disease?

1989 • 2 citations

Tardive dyskinesia

1988 • 1 citations