The immune-hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis: Its role in immunoregulation and tolerance to self-antigens

Physiological Functions of Glucocorticoids in Stress and Their Relation to Pharmacological Actions*

1984 • 3,073 citations

Secretory products of macrophages.

1987 • 2,670 citations

Two Receptor Systems for Corticosterone in Rat Brain: Microdistribution and Differential Occupation

1985 • 2,530 citations

The Neuroendocrinology of Stress and Aging: The Glucocorticoid Cascade Hypothesis*

1986 • 2,235 citations

Immunoregulatory Feedback Between Interleukin-1 and Glucocorticoid Hormones

1986 • 1,521 citations

Interleukin-1 Stimulates the Secretion of Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor

1987 • 1,512 citations

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-Producing Neurons in the Rat Activated by Interleukin-1

1987 • 1,152 citations

Interleukin-1 Immunoreactive Innervation of the Human Hypothalamus

1988 • 771 citations

Production of prostaglandin E and an interleukin-1 like factor by cultured astrocytes and C6 glioma cells.

1982 • 754 citations

The Immune-Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis*

1989 • 671 citations

Release of Multiple Hormones by a Direct Action of Interleukin-1 on Pituitary Cells

1987 • 670 citations

Corticosteroids inhibit murine macrophage Ia expression and interleukin 1 production.

1982 • 665 citations

Liposomes as drug carriers

1977 • 664 citations

Antibodies to cachectin/tumor necrosis factor reduce interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 6 appearance during lethal bacteremia.

1989 • 651 citations

On the Role of Brain Mineralocorticoid (Type I) and Glucocorticoid (Type II) Receptors in Neuroendocrine Regulation

1989 • 473 citations

The liposome-mediated macrophage ‘suicide’ technique

1989 • 455 citations

Visualization and characterization of interleukin 1 receptors in brain.

1987 • 451 citations

HLA class II induction in human islet cells by interferon-γ plus tumour necrosis factor or lymphotoxin

1987 • 451 citations

Interleukin-6 stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone in conscious, freely-moving rats

1988 • 428 citations

Prevention of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice by tumor necrosis factor (TNF): similarities between TNF-alpha and interleukin 1.

1990 • 356 citations

Immunoreactive interleukin-1β localization in the rat forebrain

1990 • 343 citations

INTERLEUKIN-1 STIMULATES ACTH RELEASE BY AN INDIRECT ACTION WHICH REQUIRES ENDOGENOUS CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR

1987 • 340 citations

Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction in macrophages

1987 • 331 citations

Interleukin-1 Receptors in Mouse Brain:Characterization and Neuronal Localization

1990 • 302 citations

Immune-neuroendocrine interactions

1985 • 300 citations

Brain macrophages synthesize interleukin‐1 and interleukin‐1 mRNAs in vitro

1988 • 286 citations

Synthesis of interleukin 1/endogenous pyrogen in the brain of endotoxin-treated mice: a step in fever induction?

1984 • 279 citations

Production of Interleukin-6 by Folliculo-Stellate Cells of the Anterior Pituitary Gland in a Histiotypic Cell Aggregate Culture System

1989 • 272 citations

In the Mouse, the Activation of the Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by a Lipopolysaccharide (Endotoxin) Is Mediated through Interleukin-1*

1989 • 271 citations

Virus-Induced Corticosterone in Hypophysectomized Mice: A Possible Lymphoid Adrenal Axis

1982 • 266 citations

A complete regulatory loop between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.

1985 • 227 citations

Regional and cellular codistribution of interleukin 1 beta and nerve growth factor mRNA in the adult rat brain: possible relationship to the regulation of nerve growth factor synthesis.

1990 • 221 citations

Antagonistic effect of interferon-beta on the interferon-gamma-induced expression of Ia antigen in murine macrophages.

1985 • 207 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α is a Potent ACTH Secretagogue: Comparison to Interleukin-1β

1989 • 196 citations

Occurrence of interleukin-1 in cerebrospinal fluid of the conscious cat

1988 • 178 citations

In the Rat, Interleukin- lα and -β Stimulate Adrenocorticotropin and Catecholamine Release*

1989 • 174 citations

Neuroendocrine, Sympathetic and Metabolic Responses Induced by Interleukin-1

1989 • 164 citations

Intrinsic Pituitary Interleukin-1β Is Induced by Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide**

1990 • 142 citations

Structure-function analysis of human IL-6. Epitope mapping of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with amino- and carboxyl-terminal deletion mutants.

1990 • 138 citations

Comparison of Cytokine Effects on Mouse Pancreatic α-Cell and β-Cell Lines Viability, Secretory Function, and MHC Antigen Expression

1990 • 138 citations

CRF is involved in the pyrogenic and thermogenic effects of interleukin 1 beta in the rat

1989 • 134 citations

Human Recombinant Interleukin-1β Decreases Plasma Thyroid Hormone and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Levels in Rats*

1988 • 131 citations

Selective Depletion of Macrophages Prevents Pituitary-Adrenal Activation in Response to Subpyrogenic, but not to Pyrogenic, Doses of Bacterial Endotoxin in Rats*

1991 • 113 citations

Stress: Neurochemical and Humoral mechanisms

1989 • 111 citations

Evidence for the involvement of the central adrenergic system in interleukin l-induced adrenocortical response

1989 • 105 citations

Circulating Regulatory Factors and Neuroendocrine Function

1990 • 90 citations

Neuroendocrine and immunological mechanisms in stress-induced immunomodulation

1991 • 86 citations

Neuroendocrine regulation of in vivo cytokine production and effects: I. In vivo regulatory networks involving the neuroendocrine system, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α

1989 • 83 citations

Textbook of immunopharmacology

1985 • 83 citations

Inhibition of type 1 diabetes in BB rats with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

1990 • 78 citations

Spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis - a bird's eye view

1985 • 77 citations

Induction of β-Endorphin Secretion by Lymphocytes after Subcutaneous Administration of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor

1990 • 72 citations

Site of action of endotoxins on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

1971 • 64 citations

Significance of increased secretion of glucocorticoids in mice and rats injected with bacterial endotoxin

1987 • 61 citations

Induction of macrophage Ia antigen expression by rIFN-gamma and down-regulation by IFN-alpha/beta and dexamethasone are regulated transcriptionally.

1988 • 57 citations

Elevation of corticosteroid-binding globulin in obese strain (OS) chickens: possible implications for the disturbed immunoregulation and the development of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis.

1986 • 57 citations

Hormonal and metabolic response to recombinant human tumor necrosis factor in rat: in vitro and in vivo

1988 • 51 citations

Pituitary-dependent and -independent secretion of CS caused by bacterial endotoxin in rats

1986 • 49 citations

Evidence That the Hypothalamus Mediates Endotoxin Stimulation of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Secretion*

1978 • 46 citations

The immune-hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and autoimmunity

1991 • 45 citations

Virus-Induced Increases in Plasma Corticosterone

1987 • 41 citations

Analysis of the immune‐encodrine feedback loop in the avian system and its alteration in chickens with spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis

1990 • 35 citations

Neuroendocrinology of Interleukin-1

1990 • 23 citations

Immunological defects in laboratory animals 1.

1981 • 19 citations

Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Obese- Strain Chickens

1981 • 5 citations