Back to search

The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Data up to Jan 2025

Published2000
Citations1,987
References239
Clinical Trials (1)

Total Citations Per Year

Abstract

References (239)

[30] Microsomal lipid peroxidation

1978 • 12,818 citations

Superoxide Dismutase

1969 • 12,578 citations

Handbook of Sensory Physiology

1975 • 7,212 citations

Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs.

1979 • 5,821 citations

[1] Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: An overview

1990 • 5,041 citations

The moulding of senescence by natural selection

1966 • 2,252 citations

Final Report on the Aspirin Component of the Ongoing Physicians' Health Study

1989 • 2,180 citations

β-Carotene: an Unusual Type of Lipid Antioxidant

1984 • 2,147 citations

Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma.

1989 • 1,876 citations

The aging process.

1981 • 1,871 citations

An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration

1995 • 1,853 citations

Reactive oxygen species in living systems: Source, biochemistry, and role in human disease

1991 • 1,827 citations

Extension of Life-Span by Overexpression of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase in Drosophila melanogaster

1994 • 1,461 citations

The Beaver Dam Eye Study

1992 • 1,362 citations

Oxidative stress: From basic research to clinical application

1991 • 1,302 citations

Free radical tissue damage: protective role of antioxidant nutrients 1

1987 • 1,210 citations

Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group

1994 • 1,170 citations

Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

1981 • 1,087 citations

Autoxidation of biological molecules. 1. Antioxidant activity of vitamin E and related chain-breaking phenolic antioxidants in vitro

1981 • 1,071 citations

A mutation in the age-1 gene in Caenorhabditis elegans lengthens life and reduces hermaphrodite fertility.

1988 • 958 citations

The importance of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human diseases

1985 • 939 citations

The Free Radical Theory of Aging

2003 • 902 citations

The carotenoids as anti-oxidants — a review

1997 • 870 citations

Carotenoid content of fruits and vegetables: An evaluation of analytic data

1993 • 862 citations

Oxygen free radicals and metallothionein

1993 • 848 citations

Evolution of geographic atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium

1988 • 762 citations

Endogenous mutagens and the causes of aging and cancer

1991 • 725 citations

Chemistry of singlet oxygen. VII. Quenching by .beta.-carotene

1968 • 636 citations

A pattern of accumulation of a somatic deletion of mitochondrial DNA in aging human tissues.

1992 • 633 citations

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CYTOCHROME c OXIDASE

1990 • 611 citations

SENILE MACULAR DEGENERATION: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

1983 • 599 citations

The Lens Opacities Case-Control Study

1991 • 594 citations

Pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration

1987 • 586 citations

The Long-term Effects of Visible Light on the Eye

1992 • 571 citations

Aging human RPE: morphometric analysis of macular, equatorial, and peripheral cells.

1984 • 556 citations

Retinal pigment epithelial lipofuscin and melanin and choroidal melanin in human eyes.

1986 • 547 citations

The macular pigment. II. Spatial distribution in primate retinas.

1984 • 530 citations

Identification, Quantification, and Relative Concentrations of Carotenoids and Their Metabolites in Human Milk and Serum

1997 • 526 citations

Analysis of the macular pigment by HPLC: retinal distribution and age study.

1988 • 522 citations

Carotenoids enhance gap junctional communication and inhibit lipid peroxidation in C3H/10T1/2 cells: relationship to their cancer chemopreventive action

1991 • 518 citations

Fruits and vegetables that are sources for lutein and zeaxanthin: the macular pigment in human eyes

1998 • 512 citations

Copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase, manganese-containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in normal and neoplastic human cell lines and normal human tissues.

1982 • 490 citations

Cell loss in the aging retina. Relationship to lipofuscin accumulation and macular degeneration.

1989 • 482 citations

The relationship of age-related maculopathy, cataract, and glaucoma to visual acuity.

1995 • 471 citations

Risk Factors for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1992 • 464 citations

Vitamin E and oxidative stress

1991 • 461 citations

A One Year Study of the Macular Pigment: The Effect of 140 Days of a Lutein Supplement

1997 • 459 citations

Retinal age pigments generated by self-assembling lysosomotropic detergents

1993 • 456 citations

Blue Light-induced Reactivity of Retinal Age Pigment

1995 • 429 citations

The Psychosocial Impact of Macular Degeneration

1998 • 423 citations

Dietary modification of human macular pigment density.

1997 • 413 citations

β-Carotene and α-tocopherol are synergistic antioxidants

1992 • 413 citations

Identification of lutein and zeaxanthin oxidation products in human and monkey retinas.

1997 • 411 citations

The oxygen free radical system: from equations through membrane-protein interactions to cardiovascular injury and protection

1992 • 400 citations

Free Radicals in Medicine. I. Chemical Nature and Biologic Reactions

1988 • 398 citations

Sunlight and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1993 • 397 citations

Solar radiation and age-related macular degeneration

1988 • 394 citations

New trends in photobiology

1992 • 388 citations

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

1988 • 387 citations

The topography and age relationship of lipofuscin concentration in the retinal pigment epithelium.

1978 • 384 citations

The singlet oxygen and carotenoid interaction

1991 • 370 citations

Age-related Macular Degeneration Is Associated with Atherosclerosis

1995 • 359 citations

Lipofuscin of the retinal pigment epithelium: A review

1995 • 353 citations

Prevention of granulocyte-mediated oxidant lung injury in rats by a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethylthiourea.

1984 • 322 citations

Dietary Fat and Age-Related Maculopathy

1995 • 302 citations

Interaction of Oxygen and Oxy-radicals With Carotenoids<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">1</xref>

1982 • 300 citations

Serum Antioxidants and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Population-Based Case-Control Study

1995 • 295 citations

Histologic analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short-wave-length light.

1978 • 289 citations

Individual variations in the spatial profile of human macular pigment

1997 • 284 citations

Inhibition of lysosomal degradative functions in RPE cells by a retinoid component of lipofuscin.

1999 • 276 citations

Oral α-Tocopherol Supplements Decrease Plasma γ-Tocopherol Levels in Humans

1985 • 267 citations

Exposure to Sunlight and Other Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1989 • 266 citations

Free radicals in medicine

1993 • 252 citations

Peroxyl radical scavenging activity of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761

1995 • 245 citations

Effects of visible and near-infrared lasers on cell cultures

1992 • 241 citations

Inhibition of cell membrane lipid peroxidation by cadmium- and zinc-metallothioneins

1986 • 241 citations

Three Mutants That Extend Both Mean and Maximum Life Span of the Nematode, Caenorhabditis Elegans, Define the Age-1 Gene

1988 • 239 citations

Separation, identification, and quantification of carotenoids in fruits, vegetables and human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography

1991 • 239 citations

Phagocytosis and H2O2 induce catalase and metallothionein gene expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

1995 • 236 citations

Lipofuscin of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium

1980 • 236 citations

Blue Light-Induced Singlet Oxygen Generation by Retinal Lipofuscin in Non-Polar Media

1998 • 236 citations

Associations between Antioxidant and Zinc Intake and the 5-Year Incidence of Early Age-related Maculopathy in the Beaver Dam Eye Study

1998 • 234 citations

Characterization of the major hydroperoxide-reducing activity of human plasma. Purification and properties of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase.

1987 • 233 citations

A reinvestigation of the fatty acid content of bovine, rat and frog retinal rod outer segments

1979 • 232 citations

Lipid peroxidation — a common pathogenetic mechanism?

1992 • 231 citations

Interaction of dietary antioxidants in vivo: how fruit and vegetables prevent disease?

1999 • 229 citations

Antioxidant activity of xanthophylls on peroxyl radical-mediated phospholipid peroxidation

1992 • 228 citations

Evidence for rod outer segment lipid peroxidation following constant illumination of the rat retina.

1983 • 223 citations

Visible light and risk of age-related macular degeneration.

1990 • 222 citations

Aging and human macular pigment density

1987 • 220 citations

Lipofuscin is a photoinducible free radical generator

1993 • 217 citations

PHOTOPHYSICAL STUDIES ON HUMAN RETINAL LIPOFUSCIN

1995 • 216 citations

Risk Factors in Age-related Maculopathy Complicated by Choroidal Neovascularization

1986 • 213 citations

The protective effect of ascorbate in retinal light damage of rats.

1985 • 212 citations

The Macular Pigment: A Possible Role in Protection from Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1996 • 210 citations

Oxidative damage of retinal rod outer segment membranes and the role of vitamin E

1976 • 209 citations

Cigarette Smoking and Retinal Carotenoids: Implications for Age-related Macular Degeneration

1996 • 207 citations

Measurement of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols in human lenses.

1995 • 204 citations

Antioxidant Status in Persons With and Without Senile Cataract

1988 • 204 citations

Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

1994 • 198 citations

Sex Differences in Macular Pigment Optical Density:

1996 • 193 citations

Association of Zinc and Antioxidant Nutrients With Age-Related Maculopathy

1996 • 191 citations

Vitamins E, C and lipid peroxidation in plasma and arterial tissue of smokers and non-smokers

1995 • 183 citations

PROTECTIVE ACTION OF CAROTENOID PIGMENTS AGAINST PHOTODYNAMIC DAMAGE TO LIPOSOMES*

1973 • 179 citations

Antioxidant Enzymes in the Aging Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium

1991 • 177 citations

Advanced Glycation End Products in Age-related Macular Degeneration

1998 • 177 citations

Carotenoid scavenging of radicals

1993 • 171 citations

Retinal degeneration in monkeys induced by deficiencies of vitamin E or A.

1974 • 170 citations

Sun Exposure and Age-related Macular Degeneration

1997 • 170 citations

The Photoreactivity of the Retinal Age Pigment Lipofuscin

1999 • 169 citations

THE PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF CAROTENOID PIGMENTS

1968 • 164 citations

Interactions among Antioxidants in Health and Disease: Vitamin E and Its Redox Cycle

1992 • 164 citations

Superoxide anion scavenging effect and superoxide dismutase activity ofGinkgo biloba extract

1989 • 163 citations

Lipid peroxidationin vivo

1965 • 162 citations

Case-control study of the risk factors for age related macular degeneration

1998 • 160 citations

Absorption, Transport and Metabolism of Vitamin E

1991 • 160 citations

Effect of light history on retinal antioxidants and light damage susceptibility in the rat

1987 • 155 citations

Age-related Macular Degeneration and Antioxidant Status in the POLA Study

1999 • 154 citations

Dependence of intraocular straylight on pigmentation and light transmission through the ocular wall

1991 • 154 citations

Preservation of visual sensitivity of older subjects: association with macular pigment density.

1998 • 152 citations

Antioxidant vitamins and nuclear opacities

1998 • 149 citations

Light history and age-related changes in retinal light damage.

1998 • 139 citations

The fate of the phagosome: conversion to 'age pigment' and impact in human retinal pigment epithelium.

1983 • 139 citations

Macular pigment and chromatic aberration

1974 • 139 citations

Expression of plasma glutathione peroxidase in human liver in addition to kidney, heart, lung, and breast in humans and rodents

1992 • 138 citations

Senile macular degeneration. Clinicopathologic correlations of a case in the predisciform stage.

1973 • 137 citations

Distribution of individual macular pigment carotenoids in central retina of macaque and squirrel monkeys.

1991 • 137 citations

Iris Color and Macular Pigment Optical Density

1996 • 134 citations

Optical density of human macular pigment

1987 • 133 citations

Oxidative Stress and Advancing Age: Results in Healthy Centenarians

1998 • 129 citations

Inhibition of adriamycin‐promoted microsomal lipid peroxidation by β‐carotene, α‐tocopherol and retinol at high and low oxygen partial pressures

1988 • 128 citations

Interactions between Carotenoids and the CCl3O2.bul. Radical

1995 • 127 citations

Biochemical Factors in the Lens Opacities Case-Control Study

1995 • 125 citations

Expression of plasma glutathione peroxidase in human liver in addition to kidney, heart, lung, and breast in humans and rodents

1992 • 122 citations

Retinal Metabolism in Dark and Light

1972 • 122 citations

Deficiencies of vitamins E and A in the rat. Retinal damage and lipofuscin accumulation.

1980 • 121 citations

Dietary carotenoids protect human cells from damage

1994 • 121 citations

Toxicological Significance of Metallothionein

1987 • 118 citations

The association of age-related macular degeneration and lens opacities in the aged.

1989 • 118 citations

Zinc in the eye

1982 • 118 citations

Essential fatty acids, plasma cholesterol, and fat-soluble vitamins in subjects with age-related maculopathy and matched control subjects

1993 • 117 citations

Formation of Drusen in the Human Eye

1986 • 116 citations

Pathogenesis of drusen in the primate.

1986 • 116 citations

Antioxidant enzymes in the macular retinal pigment epithelium of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration11This article is derived from a thesis accepted by the American Ophthalmological Society: Frank RN. Antioxidant enzymes in the macular retinal pigment epithelium of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1998;96:635–689.

1999 • 115 citations

Dietary antioxidants and age-related maculopathy The blue mountains eye study

1999 • 114 citations

The role of ocular pigmentation in protecting against retinal light damage

1980 • 112 citations

CELL LOSS IN THE AGING RETINA

1989 • 110 citations

Glutathione and morbidity in a community-based sample of elderly

1994 • 109 citations

Oral zinc and the second eye in age-related macular degeneration.

1996 • 109 citations

Short-wavelength-sensitive-cone sensitivity loss with aging: a protective role for macular pigment?

1988 • 108 citations

The metabolism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the eye: the possible role of docosahexaenoic acid and docosanoids in retinal physiology and ocular pathology.

1989 • 106 citations

N(epsilon)(carboxymethyl)lysin and the AGE receptor RAGE colocalize in age-related macular degeneration.

1999 • 106 citations

[32] Separation and quantitation of carotenoids in foods

1992 • 103 citations

Central Sparing in Annular Macular Degeneration

1988 • 102 citations

Superoxide dismutase in ocular structures.

1985 • 100 citations

Density of the Human Crystalline Lens is Related to the Macular Pigment Carotenoids, Lutein and Zeaxanthin

1997 • 99 citations

Biological control of primate macular pigment. Biochemical and densitometric studies.

1991 • 98 citations

Light damage in the rat retina: The effect of dietary deprivation of n-3 fatty acids on acute structural alterations

1991 • 97 citations

Effect of age on superoxide dismutase activity of human trabecular meshwork.

1996 • 95 citations

Relative bioavailability of RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate in humans: studies using deuterated compounds

1994 • 94 citations

Depolymerization of hyaluronic acid by autoxidants and radiatiions.

1966 • 94 citations

Associations of antioxidant enzymes with cataract and age-related macular degeneration

1999 • 92 citations

Depolymerization of Hyaluronic Acid by Autoxidants and Radiations

1966 • 92 citations

Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation: Morphological Characterization

1972 • 89 citations

Region and age-dependent variation in susceptibility of the human retina to lipid peroxidation.

1992 • 88 citations

Retinal light damage in rats with altered levels of rod outer segment docosahexaenoate.

1996 • 84 citations

Functional protection of photoreceptors from light-induced damage by dimethylthiourea and Ginkgo biloba extract.

1999 • 83 citations

Antioxidant Activity of Retinol, Glutathione, and Taurine in Bovine Photoreceptor Cell Membranes

1999 • 82 citations

Sensitivities in older eyes with good acuity: eyes whose fellow eye has exudative AMD.

1987 • 79 citations

Dietary intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids and indices of oxidative stress in human volunteers

1999 • 79 citations

Oxidative damage and repair (63-73)

1999 • 79 citations

Antioxidant Action of Carotenoids in Vitro and in Vivo and Protection against Oxidation of Human Low‐Density Lipoproteinsa,b

1993 • 78 citations

Fatty acid composition of the human macula and peripheral retina.

1992 • 77 citations

THE ROLES OF VITAMIN E AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE VISUAL PROCESS

1982 • 76 citations

Vitamin E in Biological Systems

1990 • 76 citations

Blue light induced apoptosis in rat retina

1999 • 76 citations

Studies on the Mechanism of Early Onset Macular Degeneration in Cynomolgus Monkeys. II. Suppression of Metallothionein Synthesis in the Retina in Oxidative Stress

1996 • 74 citations

The rod outer segment phospholipid/opsin ratio of rats maintained in darkness or cyclic light.

1977 • 73 citations

Immunohistochemical localization of catalase in ocular tissue

1987 • 72 citations

Immunohistochemical localization of glutathione peroxidase in ocular tissue

1988 • 71 citations

Interrelations between Vitamin E and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Animals

1962 • 71 citations

Low glutathione reductase and peroxidase activity in age-related macular degeneration.

1994 • 71 citations

Vitamin E distribution in ocular tissues following long-term dietary depletion and supplementation as determined by microdissection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

1988 • 70 citations

Metallothionein shows an age-related decrease in human macular retinal pigment epithelium.

1993 • 69 citations

Hematogenous photosensitization. A mechanism for the development of age-related macular degeneration.

1990 • 68 citations

Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits oxygen species production generated by phorbol myristate acetate stimulated human leukocytes

1987 • 67 citations

RETINAL SENSITIZED PHOTODYNAMIC DAMAGE TO LIPOSOMES

1978 • 66 citations

Plasma carotenoid concentrations before and after supplementation with a carotenoid mixture

1994 • 65 citations

Amelioration of Retinal Photic Injury in Albino Rats by Dimethylthiourea

1990 • 64 citations

The protective effect of ascorbic acid in retinal light damage of rats exposed to intermittent light.

1990 • 63 citations

Physiological role of glucocorticoids on rat serum and liver metallothionein in basal and stress conditions

1988 • 62 citations

Vitamin E in macular and peripheral tissues of the human eye

1995 • 59 citations

Early color vision changes in age-related maculopathy

1987 • 58 citations

In vitro Testing of Antioxidants and Biochemical End-Points in Bovine Retinal Tissue

1999 • 57 citations

Carotenoids in young and elderly healthy humans: dietary intakes, biochemical status and diet-plasma relationships

1999 • 55 citations

Blue-light-induced Dysfunction of the Blood-Retinal Barrier at the Pigment Epithelium in Albino Versus Pigmented Rabbits

1994 • 54 citations

Antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: The epidemiological evidence

1997 • 54 citations

DNA synthesis is blocked by cigarette tar-induced DNA single-strand breaks

1987 • 54 citations

Light-Induced Deposits in Bruch's Membrane of Protoporphyric Mice

1993 • 52 citations

Serum Beta Carotene, Alpha Tocopherol, and Age-Related Maculopathy: the Blue Mountains Eye Study

1997 • 52 citations

N,N'-dimethylthiourea dioxide formation from N,N'-dimethylthiourea reflects hydrogen peroxide concentrations in simple biological systems.

1988 • 50 citations

CONTENT AND STATE OF GLUTATHIONE IN THE TISSUES OF THE EYE

1945 • 48 citations

Antioxidant enzymes of the human retina: effect of age on enzyme activity of macula and periphery

1996 • 48 citations

The effects of L- and D-ascorbic acid administration on retinal tissue levels and light damage in rats

1992 • 47 citations

THE ROLES OF VITAMIN E AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE VISUAL PROCESS

1982 • 47 citations

α-Tocopherol in the developing rat retina: A high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis

1984 • 46 citations

Effects of vitamin E and selenium deficiency on the fatty acid composition of rat retinal tissues

1979 • 44 citations

Amino Acid Composition of Human Aortic Elastin as Influenced by Age

1966 • 44 citations

Lysosomal enzyme cytochemistry of human RPE, Bruch's membrane and drusen.

1987 • 43 citations

EFFECTS OF DIETARY VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM ON LIGHT DAMAGE TO THE RAT RETINA*,†

1979 • 41 citations

Region-and Age-dependent Variation in Susceptibility of the Human Retina to Lipid Peroxidation

1993 • 38 citations

Trace Element Status and Free Radical Defense in Elderly Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) with Macular Drusen

1995 • 38 citations

Mechanisms of Biologic Aging

1986 • 36 citations

Altered oxidative stress in healthy old subjects

1997 • 35 citations

Failure of vitamin E to protect the retina against damage resulting from bright cyclic light exposure.

1989 • 35 citations

Purification and characterization of glutathione S-transferases in human retina

1984 • 34 citations

Levels of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in human eyes: evaluation of the possible role of IRBP in intraocular alpha-tocopherol transport

1987 • 34 citations

Disulfide bonds and the structure of the chromatin complex in relation to aging

1980 • 33 citations

DAMAGE TO THE ALBINO RAT RETINA PRODUCED BY LOW INTENSITY LIGHT*

1979 • 33 citations

Macular edema reduces B cone sensitivity in diabetics

1987 • 32 citations

Application of stimulation modeling to lipid peroxidation processes

1989 • 32 citations

Central sparing in annular macular degeneration

1988 • 32 citations

Zinc induces catalase expression in cultured fetal human retinal pigment epithelial cells

1997 • 29 citations

Light-induced damage to photopic and scotopic mechanisms in the rat depends on rearing conditions

1980 • 28 citations

Ultrastructural localization of light-induced lipid peroxides in the rat retina.

1999 • 26 citations

Red blood cell antioxidant enzymes in age-related macular degeneration.

1996 • 24 citations

Spectral sensitivity of the blood-retinal barrier at the pigment epithelium for blue light in the 400–500 nm range

1993 • 22 citations

Radial distribution of tocopherols in rhesus monkey retina and retinal pigment epithelium-choroid.

1996 • 21 citations

Oral zinc and the second eye in age-related macular degeneration

1996 • 20 citations

Vitamin E in human neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium: Effect of age

1987 • 20 citations

The Eye within the Framework of Human Senescence: Biological Decline and Morbidity

1998 • 15 citations

Vitamin E, retinyl palmitate, and protein in rhesus monkey retina and retinal pigment epithelium-choroid.

1996 • 12 citations

Oxidative Stress and Aging: Still a Hypothesis

1996 • 12 citations

Quenching of singlet oxygen by carotenoid derivatives: kinetic analysis by near- infrared luminescence

1994 • 11 citations

Pathogenesis of Drusen in the Primate

1986 • 10 citations

Oxidative Stress and Advancing Age

1998 • 4 citations

Nutritional supplement use and age-related macular degeneration

1995 • 4 citations

Measurement of Retina and Optic Nerve Oxidative Metabolism in Vivo via Dual Wavelength Reflection Spectrophotometry of Cytochrome a, a 3

1990 • 3 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations

Cited By (0)

Loading...
The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2000) – Survey of Ophthalmology | Metascience Observatory Explorer