Drug Addiction and Its Underlying Neurobiological Basis: Neuroimaging Evidence for the Involvement of the Frontal Cortex

An Integrative Theory of Prefrontal Cortex Function

2001 • 11,688 citations

Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Error Detection, and the Online Monitoring of Performance

1998 • 3,235 citations

Autoradiographic localization of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in rat nucleus accumbens: Resistance to differential rearing conditions

1991 • 3,177 citations

Drug Addiction, Dysregulation of Reward, and Allostasis

2001 • 2,820 citations

Pain Affect Encoded in Human Anterior Cingulate But Not Somatosensory Cortex

1997 • 2,540 citations

Reciprocal Limbic-Cortical Function and Negative Mood: Converging PET Findings in Depression and Normal Sadness

1999 • 2,351 citations

Cocaine Receptors on Dopamine Transporters Are Related to Self-Administration of Cocaine

1987 • 2,189 citations

Impulsivity resulting from frontostriatal dysfunction in drug abuse: implications for the control of behavior by reward-related stimuli

1999 • 1,536 citations

Limbic Activation During Cue-Induced Cocaine Craving

1999 • 1,518 citations

A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: Role of automatic and nonautomatic processes.

1990 • 1,464 citations

Functional Imaging of Neural Responses to Expectancy and Experience of Monetary Gains and Losses

2001 • 1,419 citations

Acute Effects of Cocaine on Human Brain Activity and Emotion

1997 • 1,263 citations

Dissociable neural responses to facial expressions of sadness and anger

1999 • 1,227 citations

Addiction, a Disease of Compulsion and Drive: Involvement of the Orbitofrontal Cortex

2000 • 1,224 citations

Dissociating Pain from Its Anticipation in the Human Brain

1999 • 1,142 citations

Chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia: A realistic animal model of depression

1992 • 1,120 citations

A Developmental Functional MRI Study of Prefrontal Activation during Performance of a Go-No-Go Task

1997 • 1,101 citations

Association of Dopamine Transporter Reduction With Psychomotor Impairment in Methamphetamine Abusers

2001 • 967 citations

Parsing executive processes: Strategic vs. evaluative functions of the anterior cingulate cortex

2000 • 955 citations

Reward Processing in Primate Orbitofrontal Cortex and Basal Ganglia

2000 • 946 citations

Activation of memory circuits during cue-elicited cocaine craving.

1996 • 939 citations

The Reward Deficiency Syndrome: A Biogenetic Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Impulsive, Addictive and Compulsive Behaviors

2000 • 929 citations

Cue-Induced Cocaine Craving: Neuroanatomical Specificity for Drug Users and Drug Stimuli

2000 • 919 citations

Decreased dopamine D₂ receptor availability is associated with reduced frontal metabolism in cocaine abusers

1993 • 906 citations

Low Level of Brain Dopamine D₂ Receptors in Methamphetamine Abusers: Association With Metabolism in the Orbitofrontal Cortex

2001 • 901 citations

Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study

1998 • 844 citations

Decreased striatal dopaminergic responsiveness in detoxified cocaine-dependent subjects

1997 • 843 citations

Choosing between small, likely rewards and large, unlikely rewards activates inferior and orbital prefrontal cortex.

1999 • 745 citations

Choosing between Small, Likely Rewards and Large, Unlikely Rewards Activates Inferior and Orbital Prefrontal Cortex

1999 • 724 citations

Predictability Modulates Human Brain Response to Reward

2001 • 704 citations

The pharmacology of cocaine related to its abuse.

1989 • 685 citations

Neural structures associated with recognition of facial expressions of basic emotions

1998 • 673 citations

Error processing and the rostral anterior cingulate: An event‐related fMRI study

2000 • 644 citations

Decreases in Dopamine Receptors but not in Dopamine Transporters in Alcoholics

1996 • 603 citations

Decreased gray matter concentration in the insular, orbitofrontal, cingulate, and temporal cortices of cocaine patients

2002 • 601 citations

Drug addiction as dopamine-dependent associative learning disorder

1999 • 585 citations

Neural activation during selective attention to subjective emotional responses

1997 • 555 citations

Functional frontalisation with age: mapping neurodevelopmental trajectories with fMRI

2000 • 543 citations

Nicotine-Induced Limbic Cortical Activation in the Human Brain: A Functional MRI Study

1998 • 483 citations

Frontal Lobe Volume Loss Observed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Older Chronic Alcoholics

1997 • 475 citations

Changes in brain glucose metabolism in cocaine dependence and withdrawal

1991 • 460 citations

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Human Brain Activation During Cue-Induced Cocaine Craving

1998 • 442 citations

Long‐Term frontal brain metabolic changes in cocaine abusers

1992 • 416 citations

The representation of pleasant touch in the brain and its relationship with taste and olfactory areas

1999 • 413 citations

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cocaine Craving

2001 • 411 citations

Association of Methylphenidate-Induced Craving With Changes in Right Striato-orbitofrontal Metabolism in Cocaine Abusers: Implications in Addiction

1999 • 410 citations

Effects of chronic cocaine abuse on postsynaptic dopamine receptors

1990 • 407 citations

Prediction of Reinforcing Responses to Psychostimulants in Humans by Brain Dopamine D₂ Receptor Levels

1999 • 406 citations

Cocaine self-administration alters the morphology of dendrites and dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens and neocortex

2001 • 401 citations

Cerebral Blood Flow in Chronic Cocaine Users: A Study with Positron Emission Tomography

1988 • 368 citations

The Prefrontal Cortex Regulates the Basal Release of Dopamine in the Limbic Striatum: An Effect Mediated by Ventral Tegmental Area

1996 • 365 citations

Reduced Cerebral Grey Matter Observed in Alcoholics Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1991 • 355 citations

Regional brain metabolic activation during craving elicited by recall of previous drug experiences

1999 • 348 citations

A Functional Anatomy of Anticipatory Anxiety

1999 • 342 citations

Lesions of the basolateral amygdala abolish the ability of drug associated cues to reinstate responding during withdrawal from self-administered cocaine

1997 • 338 citations

Dopamine Attenuates Prefrontal Cortical Suppression of Sensory Inputs to the Basolateral Amygdala of Rats

2001 • 338 citations

Neural correlates of self-induced dysphoria

1993 • 329 citations

Overexpression of dopamine D2 receptors reduces alcohol self‐administration

2001 • 318 citations

Cocaine-Induced Redoppuction of Glucose Utilization in Human Brain

1990 • 308 citations

The preparation, execution and suppression of copied movements in the human brain

1998 • 295 citations

Dopamine D2 Receptor Availability in Opiate-Dependent Subjects before and after Naloxone-Precipitated Withdrawal

1997 • 286 citations

Activation of the human brain by monetary reward

1997 • 277 citations

Orbitofrontal cortex is activated during breaches of expectation in tasks of visual attention

1999 • 257 citations

Changes in Prefrontal Cortex and Paralimbic Activity in Depression Following Two Weeks of Daily Left Prefrontal TMS

1999 • 253 citations

A role for nucleus accumbens glutamate transmission in the relapse to cocaine-seeking behavior

1999 • 250 citations

Dopaminergic modulation of glutamate-induced excitations of neurons in the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens of awake, unrestrained rats

1996 • 245 citations

Break-points on a progressive ratio schedule reinforced by intravenous cocaine increase following depletion of forebrain serotonin

1990 • 231 citations

Brain regions involved in recognizing facial emotion or identity: an oxygen-15 PET study

1993 • 229 citations

Brain glucose metabolism in chronic marijuana users at baseline and during marijuana intoxication

1996 • 218 citations

Cocaine: An in vivo microdialysis evaluation of its acute action on dopamine transmission in rat striatum

1989 • 218 citations

Acute tolerance development to the cardiovascular and subjective effects of cocaine.

1985 • 213 citations

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex mediates guessing

1999 • 206 citations

Recovery of brain glucose metabolism in detoxified alcoholics

1994 • 201 citations

Selective attention to emotional stimuli in a verbal go/no-go task

2000 • 195 citations

Differential neural response to positive and negative feedback in planning and guessing tasks

1997 • 189 citations

Decreased brain metabolism in neurologically intact healthy alcoholics

1992 • 184 citations

Withdrawal following repeated exposure to d -amphetamine decreases responding for a sucrose solution as measured by a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement

1999 • 183 citations

Acute effects of ethanol on regional brain glucose metabolism and transport

1990 • 182 citations

Smaller Volume of Prefrontal Lobe in Polysubstance Abusers: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

1998 • 177 citations

Abnormal neural response to feedback on planning and guessing tasks in patients with unipolar depression

1998 • 172 citations

Reinforcing properties of cocaine in the medial prefrontal cortex: Primary action on presynaptic dopaminergic terminals

1986 • 169 citations

Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on cerebral blood flow measured with PET

1988 • 166 citations

Addiction changes orbitofrontal gyrus function: involvement in response inhibition

2001 • 163 citations

Prospective and retrospective reports of mood states before relapse to substance use.

1995 • 157 citations

Differential effects of excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala on cocaine-induced conditioned locomotion and conditioned place preference

1993 • 136 citations

Morphine-Induced Metabolic Changes in Human Brain

1990 • 130 citations

Expression of Fos‐related antigens in the nucleus accumbens and associated regions following exposure to a cocaine‐paired environment

2000 • 127 citations

Decreased cerebral response to inhibitory neurotransmission in alcoholics

1993 • 123 citations

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow after Marijuana Smoking

1992 • 115 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging of alcoholic Korsakoff patients.

1991 • 114 citations

Behavioral and Subjective Effects of Ethanol: Relationship to Cerebral Metabolism Using PET

1990 • 96 citations

Brain mechanisms in human classical conditioning

1995 • 94 citations

Regional Brain Metabolic Response to Lorazepam in Alcoholics during Early and Late Alcohol Detoxification

1997 • 92 citations

Effects of Withdrawal from an Escalating Dose Schedule of d-Amphetamine on Sexual Behavior in the Male Rat

1999 • 90 citations

Acute Ethanol-Induced Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow

1995 • 86 citations

Acute cocaine effects on absolute cerebral blood flow

1996 • 78 citations

Effects ofm-Chlorophenylpiperazine on Regional Brain Glucose Utilization: A Positron Emission Tomographic Comparison of Alcoholic and Control Subjects

1997 • 77 citations

Acute ethanol-induced changes in cerebral blood flow

1994 • 74 citations

Role for the Mesocortical Dopamine System in the Motivating Effects of Cocaine

1994 • 69 citations

Effects of chronic cocaine abuse on postsynaptic dopamine receptors

1992 • 68 citations

Regional cerebral blood flow changes in chronic alcoholic patients induced by naltrexone challenge during detoxification.

1999 • 63 citations

Neo-striatal rCBF correlates of psychomotor slowing in patients with major depression

1999 • 61 citations

Amphetamine withdrawal: Effects on threshold of intracranial reinforcement

1981 • 56 citations

Alcohol activates the cerebral reward system in man.

1998 • 54 citations

Cocaine self‐administration alters the morphology of dendrites and dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens and neocortex

2001 • 24 citations

Activation of fronto-limbic system in the human brain by cigarette smoking: evaluated by a CBF measurement.

2000 • 22 citations

Acute effects of ethanol on regional brain glucose metabolism and transport

1990 • 12 citations