Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Risk

The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure<SUBTITLE>The JNC 7 Report</SUBTITLE>

2003 • 25,662 citations

Association between Water Intake, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES Data

2013 • 5,681 citations

Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome

2004 • 4,840 citations

Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis.

1981 • 2,777 citations

Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis

2001 • 2,463 citations

Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease.

1989 • 2,337 citations

AHA Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: 2002 Update

2002 • 1,909 citations

Molecular identification of a danger signal that alerts the immune system to dying cells

2003 • 1,649 citations

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Weight Gain, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Young and Middle-Aged Women

2004 • 1,628 citations

Role of the T cell in the genesis of angiotensin II–induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction

2007 • 1,612 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Mortality

2000 • 1,497 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease and Death: The Framingham Heart Study

1999 • 1,283 citations

A Role for Uric Acid in the Progression of Renal Disease

2002 • 1,266 citations

Elevated Uric Acid Increases Blood Pressure in the Rat by a Novel Crystal-Independent Mechanism

2001 • 1,261 citations

Glomeruli and Blood Pressure: Less of One, More the Other?

1988 • 1,246 citations

Hyperuricemia induces endothelial dysfunction

2005 • 1,156 citations

Nephron Number in Patients with Primary Hypertension

2003 • 1,073 citations

Potential role of sugar (fructose) in the epidemic of hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease

2007 • 1,030 citations

A causal role for uric acid in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome

2005 • 1,023 citations

Effect of Allopurinol on Blood Pressure of Adolescents With Newly Diagnosed Essential Hypertension

2008 • 870 citations

Uric Acid–Induced C-Reactive Protein Expression

2005 • 831 citations

Hyperuricemia induces a primary renal arteriolopathy in rats by a blood pressure-independent mechanism

2002 • 806 citations

Use of Allopurinol in Slowing the Progression of Renal Disease Through Its Ability to Lower Serum Uric Acid Level

2005 • 795 citations

Uric Acid Stimulates Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Production in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Cyclooxygenase-2

2003 • 769 citations

SLC2A9 is a newly identified urate transporter influencing serum urate concentration, urate excretion and gout

2008 • 747 citations

Adverse effects of the classic antioxidant uric acid in adipocytes: NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative/nitrosative stress

2007 • 733 citations

Uric acid stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and oxidative stress via the vascular renin–angiotensin system

2008 • 708 citations

Predictors of the progression of renal disease in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study

1997 • 692 citations

Uric Acid Level as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Middle-aged Men

2004 • 651 citations

Mechanisms by Which Dehydration May Lead to Chronic Kidney Disease

2015 • 642 citations

High Serum Uric Acid as a Novel Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes

2008 • 602 citations

Uric Acid Is a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

2006 • 591 citations

High-Dose Allopurinol Improves Endothelial Function by Profoundly Reducing Vascular Oxidative Stress and Not by Lowering Uric Acid

2006 • 570 citations

Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Individuals with Hyperuricemia

2007 • 568 citations

Effects of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition With Allopurinol on Endothelial Function and Peripheral Blood Flow in Hyperuricemic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

2002 • 559 citations

Uric Acid, Hominoid Evolution, and the Pathogenesis of Salt-Sensitivity

2002 • 548 citations

Mild hyperuricemia induces vasoconstriction and maintains glomerular hypertension in normal and remnant kidney rats

2004 • 542 citations

Dietary Fructose: Implications for Dysregulation of Energy Homeostasis and Lipid/Carbohydrate Metabolism

2005 • 527 citations

Hyperuricemia in Childhood Primary Hypertension

2003 • 522 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Plasma Norepinephrine Concentrations Predict Subsequent Weight Gain and Blood Pressure Elevation

2003 • 508 citations

Hyperuricemia in Primary and Renal Hypertension

1966 • 506 citations

Relations of Serum Uric Acid to Longitudinal Blood Pressure Tracking and Hypertension Incidence

2004 • 491 citations

Dietary Fructose: Implications for Dysregulation of Energy Homeostasis and Lipid/Carbohydrate Metabolism

2005 • 491 citations

Epidemiology of gout and hyperuricemia

1967 • 490 citations

Serum Concentrations of Uric Acid and the Metabolic Syndrome Among US Children and Adolescents

2007 • 484 citations

Uric acid and serum antioxidant capacity: a reaction to atherosclerosis?

2000 • 478 citations

The impact of serum uric acid on cardiovascular outcomes in the LIFE study

2004 • 472 citations

Serum Uric Acid in Essential Hypertension: An Indicator of Renal Vascular Involvement

1980 • 465 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Events in Successfully Treated Hypertensive Patients

1999 • 457 citations

Significance of hyperuricemia as a risk factor for developing ESRD in a screened cohort

2004 • 453 citations

Relation of Serum Uric Acid to Mortality and Ischemic Heart Disease

1995 • 447 citations

Subtle Acquired Renal Injury as a Mechanism of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension

2002 • 446 citations

Effect of insulin on uric acid excretion in humans

1995 • 446 citations

SLC2A9 influences uric acid concentrations with pronounced sex-specific effects

2008 • 426 citations

Serum Uric Acid Is a Strong Predictor of Stroke in Patients With Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1998 • 419 citations

HYPERURICEMIA AS A RISK FACTOR OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY

1985 • 406 citations

Sugar‐sweetened soft drinks, diet soft drinks, and serum uric acid level: The third national health and nutrition examination survey

2007 • 404 citations

Significance of Hyperuricemia on the Early Detection of Renal Failure in a Cohort of Screened Subjects.

2001 • 390 citations

Serum uric acid and risk for development of hypertension and impaired fasting glucose or Type II diabetes in Japanese male office workers

2002 • 387 citations

Uric acid stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by increasing platelet-derived growth factor A-chain expression

1991 • 384 citations

Hypothesis: fructose-induced hyperuricemia as a causal mechanism for the epidemic of the metabolic syndrome

2005 • 366 citations

SERUM URIC ACID IN RELATION TO AGE AND PHYSIQUE IN HEALTH AND IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE

1951 • 363 citations

Significance of hyperuricemia as a risk factor for developing ESRD in a screened cohort

2004 • 355 citations

Serum uric acid and cardiovascular disease: Recent developments, and where do they leave us?

2005 • 355 citations

Metabolic effects of dietary fructose

1990 • 349 citations

PRECURSORS OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION: PULMONARY FUNCTION, HEART RATE, URIC ACID, SERUM CHOLESTEROL, AND OTHER SERUM CHEMISTRIES

1990 • 333 citations

Childhood Uric Acid Predicts Adult Blood Pressure

2004 • 320 citations

Effect of treatment of hyperuricemia with allopurinol on blood pressure, creatinine clearence, and proteinuria in patients with normal renal functions

2007 • 320 citations

Uric Acid and the Development of Hypertension

2006 • 295 citations

Hyperuricemia and Incidence of Hypertension Among Men Without Metabolic Syndrome

2006 • 291 citations

Serum uric acid and the risk for hypertension and Type 2 diabetes in Japanese men: The Osaka Health Survey

2001 • 288 citations

Obesity and hypertension: two epidemics or one?

2004 • 281 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

2000 • 273 citations

Uric Acid Is as Important as Proteinuria in Identifying Fetal Risk in Women With Gestational Hypertension

2005 • 270 citations

Uric Acid Oxidation by Peroxynitrite: Multiple Reactions, Free Radical Formation, and Amplification of Lipid Oxidation

1999 • 270 citations

Renal function in gout

1957 • 266 citations

Serum uric acid and hypertension: the Olivetti heart study.

1994 • 262 citations

Serum Uric Acid and Coronary Heart Disease in 9,458 Incident Cases and 155,084 Controls: Prospective Study and Meta-Analysis

2005 • 255 citations

The Kidney in Gout

1960 • 249 citations

Uric acid reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress in healthy adults

2003 • 247 citations

Hypothesis: Uric acid, nephron number, and the pathogenesis of essential hypertension

2004 • 244 citations

Serum Uric Acid Predicts Incident Hypertension in a Biethnic Cohort

2006 • 243 citations

Ten-year incidence of elevated blood pressure and its predictors: The CARDIA Study

1999 • 243 citations

Fructose ingestion acutely elevates blood pressure in healthy young humans

2008 • 239 citations

Uric Acid Causes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Entering Cells via a Functional Urate Transporter

2005 • 232 citations

Effect of hyperuricemia upon endothelial function in patients at increased cardiovascular risk

2004 • 224 citations

Uric acid, evolution and primitive cultures

2005 • 221 citations

Does hyperuricemia aeffect mortality? A prospective cohort study of Japanese male workers.

2000 • 221 citations

Serum urate and the risk of major coronary heart disease events.

1997 • 219 citations

Effect of statins versus untreated dyslipidemia on serum uric acid levels in patients with coronary heart disease: a subgroup analysis of the greek atorvastatin and coronary-heart-disease evaluation (GREACE) study

2004 • 212 citations

Uric acid metabolism and tubular sodium handling. Results from a population-based study

1993 • 205 citations

Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers

2006 • 201 citations

Plasma Uric Acid Level and Risk for Incident Hypertension Among Men

2006 • 183 citations

Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Drink and Serum Uric Acid Concentration in US Men and Women

2007 • 181 citations

Xanthine Oxidoreductase Is a Regulator of Adipogenesis and PPARγ Activity

2007 • 178 citations

The association between serum uric acid level and long-term incidence of hypertension: population-based cohort study

2006 • 178 citations

The Effect of Mild Hyperuricemia on Urinary Transforming Growth Factor Beta and the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

2007 • 177 citations

Sex differences in uric acid and risk factors for coronary artery disease

2001 • 176 citations

Effects of febuxostat on metabolic and renal alterations in rats with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome

2008 • 174 citations

Plasma Uric Acid and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Chinese Community

2007 • 170 citations

Mycophenolate mofetil prevents salt-sensitive hypertension resulting from nitric oxide synthesis inhibition

2001 • 170 citations

Hyperuricemia as a Predictor of Hypertension in a Screened Cohort in Okinawa, Japan

2004 • 166 citations

Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors mimicking the human metabolic syndrome X in eNOS null mice

2003 • 163 citations

Predictors of an increased risk of future hypertension in Utah. A screening analysis.

1991 • 155 citations

High-Normal Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Impaired Glomerular Filtration Rate in Nonproteinuric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

2008 • 154 citations

Effects of Low Birth Weight in 8- to 13-Year-Old Children

2006 • 154 citations

Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Microalbuminuria in Prehypertension

2006 • 147 citations

Effects of acute and chronic<scp>l</scp>-arginine treatment in experimental hyperuricemia

2006 • 136 citations

Serum uric acid and brain ischemia in normal elderly adults

2007 • 134 citations

Risk Factors for Progression to Incident Hyperinsulinemia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1987-1998

2003 • 127 citations

Thiazide Diuretics Exacerbate Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome

2007 • 122 citations

Serum Uric Acid as a Harbinger of Metabolic Outcome in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2006 • 115 citations

THE RELATIONSHIP OF SEX STEROIDS TO URIC ACID LEVELS IN PLASMA AND URINE

1977 • 108 citations

Association between serum uric acid and prehypertension among US adults

2007 • 99 citations

Serum Uric Acid and the Renin‐Angiotensin System in Hypertension

1978 • 98 citations

Impaired renal function in gout

1982 • 98 citations

SERUM URIC ACID

1959 • 96 citations

Renal Cortical Vasoconstriction Contributes to Development of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension after Angiotensin II Exposure

2001 • 93 citations

Is the fructose index more relevant with regards to cardiovascular disease than the glycemic index?

2007 • 84 citations

Cutting Edge: Elimination of an Endogenous Adjuvant Reduces the Activation of CD8 T Lymphocytes to Transplanted Cells and in an Autoimmune Diabetes Model

2006 • 79 citations

RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH GOUT 1

1940 • 75 citations

Hyperinsulinemia for the Development of Hypertension: Data from the Hawaii-Los Angeles-Hiroshima Study.

2001 • 65 citations

Lowering serum urate does not improve endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes

2007 • 63 citations

Serum uric acid in hypertensive patients.

1975 • 58 citations

Renal function in gout

1979 • 58 citations

THE CARDIO-VASCULAR AND RENAL RELATIONS AND MANIFESTATIONS OF GOUT.

1897 • 56 citations

Lack of Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Organ Damage in a Never-Treated Essential Hypertensive Population at Low Prevalence of Hyperuricemia

2007 • 55 citations

AN ARTICLE CONTRIBUTED TO AN ANNIVERSARY VOLUME IN HONOR OF DOCTOR JOSEPH HERSEY PRATT

1938 • 49 citations

Family history of essential hypertension versus obesity as risk factors for hypertension in adolescents

1999 • 34 citations

Xanthine oxidoreductase polymorphisms: influence in blood pressure and oxidative stress levels

2007 • 32 citations

The placental transfer and concentration difference in maternal and neonatal serum uric acid at parturition: comparison of normal pregnancies and gestosis.

1987 • 25 citations

THE INTERPRETATION OF INCREASED BLOOD URIC ACID IN HYPERTENSION

1924 • 21 citations

Uric acid, nephron number and the pathogenesis of essential hypertension

2004 • 12 citations

Clinical alterations in normotensive offspring with parental hypertension

1988 • 6 citations