Regulation of Melanocortin-4 Receptor Signaling: Agonist-Mediated Desensitization and Internalization

Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue

1994 • 12,975 citations

Central nervous system control of food intake

2000 • 6,305 citations

Rapid detection of octamer binding proteins with ‘mini extracts’, prepared from a small number of cells

1989 • 4,279 citations

Targeted Disruption of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Results in Obesity in Mice

1997 • 2,992 citations

Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans

1997 • 2,900 citations

A mutation in the human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction

1998 • 2,333 citations

Evidence That the Diabetes Gene Encodes the Leptin Receptor: Identification of a Mutation in the Leptin Receptor Gene in db/db Mice

1996 • 2,185 citations

Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome

1997 • 1,891 citations

Molecular basis of long-term plasticity underlying addiction

2001 • 1,831 citations

Evolving concepts in G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis: the role in receptor desensitization and signaling.

2001 • 1,794 citations

Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans

1998 • 1,666 citations

Leptin

2000 • 1,368 citations

Induction of mutant dynamin specifically blocks endocytic coated vesicle formation.

1994 • 1,206 citations

β-Arrestin: a Protein that Regulates β-adrenergic Receptor Function

1990 • 1,162 citations

Obesity and impaired prohormone processing associated with mutations in the human prohormone convertase 1 gene

1997 • 1,125 citations

THE ROLE OF RECEPTOR KINASES AND ARRESTINS IN G PROTEIN–COUPLED RECEPTOR REGULATION

1998 • 1,074 citations

Localization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control circuits in the brain.

1994 • 1,059 citations

Obesity in the mouse model of pro-opiomelanocortin deficiency responds to peripheral melanocortin

1999 • 1,000 citations

Immortalization of hypothalamic GnRH by genetically targeted tumorigenesis

1990 • 959 citations

Leptin Differentially Regulates NPY and POMC Neurons Projecting to the Lateral Hypothalamic Area

1999 • 909 citations

Melanocortin-4 receptor mutations are a frequent and heterogeneous cause of morbid obesity

2000 • 896 citations

Dominant and recessive inheritance of morbid obesity associated with melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency

2000 • 795 citations

Localization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control circuits in the brain

1994 • 703 citations

The β ₂ -adrenergic receptor/βarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis

1999 • 615 citations

Association of β-Arrestin with G Protein-coupled Receptors during Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis Dictates the Profile of Receptor Resensitization

1999 • 549 citations

Beta-arrestin2, a novel member of the arrestin/beta-arrestin gene family.

1992 • 531 citations

Regulatory mechanisms that modulate signalling by G-protein-coupled receptors

1997 • 502 citations

Dynamin and β-Arrestin Reveal Distinct Mechanisms for G Protein-coupled Receptor Internalization

1996 • 450 citations

Classical and new roles of β-arrestins in the regulation of G-PROTEIN-COUPLED receptors

2001 • 446 citations

Several Mutations in the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Gene Including a Nonsense and a Frameshift Mutation Associated with Dominantly Inherited Obesity in Humans

1999 • 439 citations

Medicinal strategies in the treatment of obesity

2000 • 436 citations

Arrestin Interactions with G Protein-coupled Receptors

1995 • 385 citations

AgRP(83–132) Acts as an Inverse Agonist on the Human-Melanocortin-4 Receptor

2001 • 375 citations

The Central Melanocortin System and Energy Homeostasis

1999 • 349 citations

Receptor-specific desensitization with purified proteins. Kinase dependence and receptor specificity of beta-arrestin and arrestin in the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsin systems.

1992 • 330 citations

Phosphorylation and Desensitization of the Human β1-Adrenergic Receptor

1995 • 317 citations

Visual arrestin interaction with rhodopsin. Sequential multisite binding ensures strict selectivity toward light-activated phosphorylated rhodopsin

1993 • 303 citations

Expression of beta-arrestins and beta-adrenergic receptor kinases in the failing human heart.

1994 • 300 citations

Inverse agonism: pharmacological curiosity or potential therapeutic strategy?

1995 • 285 citations

Agouti-related protein functions as an inverse agonist at a constitutively active brain melanocortin-4 receptor

2001 • 248 citations

Role of endocytosis in mediating downregulation of G-protein-coupled receptors

2001 • 240 citations

Constitutive arrestin-mediated desensitization of a human vasopressin receptor mutant associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

2000 • 235 citations

G protein-coupled receptors: heterologous regulation of homologous desensitization and its implications

1996 • 234 citations

A Central Role for ॆ-Arrestins and Clathrin-coated Vesicle-mediated Endocytosis in ॆ2-Adrenergic Receptor Resensitization

1997 • 234 citations

Synergistic Regulation of β₂-Adrenergic Receptor Sequestration: Intracellular Complement of β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase and β-Arrestin Determine Kinetics of Internalization

1997 • 231 citations

Differential expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides in the early phase of diet-induced obesity in mice

2000 • 223 citations

Role of Phosphorylation in Agonist-promoted β2-Adrenergic Receptor Sequestration

1995 • 213 citations

Role of the CNS Melanocortin System in the Response to Overfeeding

1999 • 211 citations

Effects of Acute and Chronic Administration of the Melanocortin Agonist MTII in Mice With Diet-Induced Obesity

2002 • 210 citations

Opiate tolerance and dependence: receptors, G-proteins, and antiopiates

1998 • 204 citations

AgRP(83-132) Acts as an Inverse Agonist on the Human-Melanocortin-4 Receptor

2001 • 197 citations

Modulation of the Arrestin-Clathrin Interaction in Cells

1997 • 193 citations

G‐protein coupled receptor kinases as modulators of G‐protein signalling

1999 • 188 citations

A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase dominant negative mutant attenuates desensitization of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor.

1994 • 182 citations

The Conserved Seven-Transmembrane Sequence NP(X)2,3Y of the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Superfamily Regulates Multiple Properties of the .beta.2-Adrenergic Receptor

1995 • 151 citations

Sequestration of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor m2 subtypes. Facilitation by G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK2) and attenuation by a dominant-negative mutant of GRK2.

1994 • 150 citations

Altered energy balance causes selective changes in melanocortin-4(MC4-R), but not melanocortin-3 (MC3-R), receptors in specific hypothalamic regions: further evidence that activation of MC4-R is a physiological inhibitor of feeding.

1999 • 144 citations

Partial agonists and G protein-coupled receptor desensitization

1999 • 139 citations

Phosphorylation-independent inhibition of parathyroid hormone receptor signaling by G protein-coupled receptor kinases

1999 • 134 citations

Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase. Agonist-dependent receptor binding promotes kinase activation.

1993 • 127 citations

Role of melanocortins in the central control of feeding

2000 • 127 citations

Functional Characterization of Mutations in Melanocortin-4 Receptor Associated with Human Obesity

1999 • 124 citations

Two Homologous Phosphorylation Domains Differentially Contribute to Desensitization and Internalization of the m2 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor

1997 • 116 citations

Regulation of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Sequestration and Function by β-Arrestin

1999 • 114 citations

Resistance to diet-induced obesity is associated with increased proopiomelanocortin mRNA and decreased neuropeptide Y mRNA in the hypothalamus

1999 • 99 citations

Binding of wild type and chimeric arrestins to the m2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor

1993 • 96 citations

Ligand regulation of green fluorescent protein‐tagged forms of the human β₁‐ and β₂‐adrenoceptors; comparisons with the unmodified receptors

2000 • 75 citations

Signaling and Phosphorylation-impaired Mutants of the Rat Follitropin Receptor Reveal an Activation- and Phosphorylation-independent but Arrestin-dependent Pathway for Internalization

1998 • 69 citations

Diversity and specificity in the regulated endocytic membrane trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors

2001 • 68 citations

The Leptin-Like Effects of 3-d Peripheral Administration of a Melanocortin Agonist Are More Marked in Genetically Obese Zucker (fa/fa) than in Lean Rats

2002 • 55 citations

G-Protein–coupled receptor kinase expression in hypertension

1999 • 55 citations

Expression of Functional Melanocortin-4 Receptor in the Hypothalamic GT1-1 Cell Line

2001 • 54 citations

G protein‐coupled receptor kinase 2 mediates µ‐opioid receptor desensitization in GABAergic neurons of the nucleus raphe magnus

2001 • 51 citations

Desensitization of the Y1 Cell Adrenocorticotropin Receptor

2001 • 32 citations

Retrovirally Mediated Transfer of a G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase (GRK) Dominant-negative Mutant Enhances Endogenous Calcitonin Receptor Signaling in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

2000 • 26 citations