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References (87)

Intensive Insulin Therapy in Critically Ill Patients

2001 • 9,943 citations

Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators

1998 • 6,197 citations

Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation

2002 • 4,011 citations

Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin

2000 • 3,789 citations

The inflammatory reflex

2002 • 3,274 citations

Points of control in inflammation

2002 • 2,599 citations

Shock and Tissue Injury Induced by Recombinant Human Cachectin

1986 • 2,587 citations

Anti-cachectin/TNF monoclonal antibodies prevent septic shock during lethal bacteraemia

1987 • 2,492 citations

Nutritional Regulation of the Insulin-Like Growth Factors*

1994 • 1,537 citations

Agonists of proteinase-activated receptor 2 induce inflammation by a neurogenic mechanism

2000 • 926 citations

INCREASED MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH GROWTH HORMONE TREATMENT IN CRITICALLY ILL ADULTS

1999 • 894 citations

Deactivation of macrophages by transforming growth factor-β

1988 • 876 citations

1999 Update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Executive Summary and Recommendations

1999 • 758 citations

Insulin Inhibits Intranuclear Nuclear Factor κB and Stimulates IκB in Mononuclear Cells in Obese Subjects: Evidence for an Anti-inflammatory Effect?

2001 • 668 citations

Reversal of Catabolism by Beta-Blockade after Severe Burns

2001 • 607 citations

A central nervous system defect in biosynthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone is associated with susceptibility to streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis in Lewis rats.

1989 • 579 citations

Neuroendocrine-Immune Interactions

1993 • 571 citations

Human Prolactin and Growth Hormone Release during Surgery and other Conditions of Stress1

1972 • 549 citations

Blockade of interleukin-1 induced hyperthermia by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy: evidence for vagal mediation of immune-brain communication

1995 • 510 citations

Persistence of muscle catabolism after severe burn

2000 • 509 citations

Beta2-agonists prevent Th1 development by selective inhibition of interleukin 12.

1997 • 457 citations

Effect of Severe Burn Injury on Substrate Cycling by Glucose and Fatty Acids

1987 • 455 citations

Physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates protein synthesis and enhances transport of selected amino acids in human skeletal muscle.

1995 • 435 citations

The Role of the Vagus Nerve in Cytokine‐to‐Brain Communication

1998 • 433 citations

Sympathetic activation triggers systemic interleukin-10 release in immunodepression induced by brain injury

1998 • 431 citations

Differential expression of the beta2-adrenergic receptor by Th1 and Th2 clones: implications for cytokine production and B cell help.

1997 • 424 citations

Effects of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone on Donor-site Healing in Severely Burned Children

1990 • 396 citations

Glucose metabolism in man: Responses to intravenous glucose infusion

1979 • 375 citations

Acute and Prolonged Critical Illness as Different Neuroendocrine Paradigms1

1998 • 349 citations

Aging and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Challenge in Humans*

1994 • 315 citations

Mitochondrial N-formylmethionyl proteins as chemoattractants for neutrophils.

1982 • 309 citations

Adrenalectomy sensitizes mice to the lethal effects of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor.

1988 • 295 citations

Critically ill patients have high basal growth hormone levels with attenuated oscillatory activity associated with low levels of insulin–like growth factor‐I

1991 • 286 citations

Augmented growth hormone (GH) secretory burst frequency and amplitude mediate enhanced GH secretion during a two-day fast in normal men

1992 • 274 citations

Transdermal Nicotine for Mildly to Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis

1997 • 254 citations

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I enhance human skeletal muscle protein anabolism during hyperaminoacidemia by different mechanisms.

1995 • 253 citations

Glucose-Dependent Interleukin 6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Production by Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes In Vitro

1996 • 249 citations

Low-Dose Growth Hormone and Hypocaloric Nutrition Attenuate the Protein-Catabolic Response After Major Operation

1989 • 247 citations

Diversity of mRNA expression for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in human mononuclear leukocytes and leukemic cell lines

1999 • 235 citations

A Submaximal Dose of Insulin Promotes Net Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis in Patients With Severe Burns

1999 • 232 citations

Reactivation of Pituitary Hormone Release and Metabolic Improvement by Infusion of Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide and Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Patients with Protracted Critical Illness1

1999 • 227 citations

Metabolic Changes in Burned Patients

1978 • 214 citations

Effect of Exogenous Growth Hormone on Whole-Body and Isolated-Limb Protein Kinetics in Burned Patients

1991 • 211 citations

Muscle Protein Catabolism After Severe Burn: Effects of IGF-1/IGFBP-3 Treatment

1999 • 192 citations

Differentiation between septic and postburn insulin resistance

1989 • 187 citations

Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Accelerates Wound Healing in Children with Large Cutaneous Burns

1994 • 181 citations

POSTOPERATIVE POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE WITH INTRAVENOUS HYPONUTRITION AND GROWTH HORMONE

1988 • 181 citations

Urinary Output of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in Sevre Thermal Burns

1957 • 167 citations

Normal Control of Growth Hormone Secretion

1993 • 157 citations

Effects of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Patients With Severe Sepsis

1992 • 151 citations

Glucocorticoids: Potent Inhibitors and Stimulators of Growth Hormone Secretion*

1990 • 143 citations

The Somatotropic Axis in Critical Illness: Effect of Continuous Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Hormone and GH-Releasing Peptide-2 Infusion1

1997 • 141 citations

Is insulin an antiinflammatory molecule?

2001 • 139 citations

Effect of Propranolol Administration on Hemodynamic and Metabolic Responses of Burned Pediatric Patients

1988 • 136 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Lowers Protein Oxidation in Patients with Thermal Injury

1994 • 135 citations

Heat shock proteins: the fountainhead of innate and adaptive immune responses

2000 • 134 citations

Characterization of Growth Hormone Enhanced Donor Site Healing in Patients with Large Cutaneous Burns

1995 • 134 citations

Anabolic effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I in cachectic patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

1994 • 132 citations

Weight Loss Following Thermal Injury

1973 • 128 citations

Augmented growth hormone (GH) secretory burst frequency and amplitude mediate enhanced GH secretion during a two-day fast in normal men

1992 • 124 citations

Thermogenic and corticosterone responses to intravenous cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) are attenuated by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy

1998 • 123 citations

β -Adrenoceptor-mediated Inhibition of IFN- γ , IL-3, and GM-CSF mRNA Accumulation in Activated Human T Lymphocytes Is Solely Mediated by the β2-Adrenoceptor Subtype

1998 • 113 citations

Prolonged Use of Propranolol Safely Decreases Cardiac Work in Burned Children

1997 • 110 citations

Book Review Stress, the Aging Brain, and the Mechanisms of Neuron Death By Robert M. Sapolsky. 429 pp., illustrated. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press, 1992. $55. 0-262-19320-5

1993 • 109 citations

The Influence of Cigarette Smoking on Cytokine Levels in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

1999 • 106 citations

Monocyte and Neutrophil Adhesion Molecule Expression During Acute Hyperglycemia and After Antioxidant Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes and Control Patients

2002 • 100 citations

Differential effect of selective block of α2-adrenoreceptors on plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and corticosterone induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mice

1995 • 96 citations

Stimulation of β-adrenoceptors inhibits endotoxin-induced IL-12 production in normal and IL-10 deficient mice

1998 • 91 citations

Role of Insulin in the Regulation of Leucine Kinetics in the Conscious Dog

1982 • 88 citations

THE METABOLIC RESPONSE TO BURNS

1956 • 85 citations

Relationship of Hypoglycemia to Tumor Necrosis Factor Production and Antitumor Activity: Role of Glucose, Insulin, and Macrophages<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>

1985 • 84 citations

Neuroendocrine regulation of in vivo cytokine production and effects: I. In vivo regulatory networks involving the neuroendocrine system, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α

1989 • 83 citations

Anabolic Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor in Combination with Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Severely Burned Adults

1999 • 77 citations

Pituitary responsiveness to GH‐releasing hormone, GH‐releasing peptide‐2 and thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone in critical illness

1996 • 73 citations

Effects of human growth hormone in critically ill nonseptic patients

1995 • 71 citations

Systemic and Pulmonary Hemodynamic Changes Accompanying Thermal Injury

1973 • 63 citations

Improved myocardial oxygen utilization following propranolol infusion in adolescents with postburn hypermetabolism

1989 • 62 citations

Adjuvant Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Normalizes Plasma Amino Acids in Parenterally Fed Trauma Patients

1995 • 59 citations

Differential Dependence of ACTH Secretion Induced by Various Cytokines on the Integrity of the Paraventricular Nucleus

1995 • 57 citations

Regulation of Na+/Ca2+exchange activity by cytosolic Ca2+in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells

1998 • 50 citations

Combined Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Growth Hormone Improves Weight Loss and Wound Healing in Burned Rats

1996 • 49 citations

Use of growth hormone for postoperative respiratory failure

1996 • 47 citations

Restoration of glutathione levels in vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to high glucose conditions

2001 • 46 citations

Stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis and protective role of insulin in acute thrombosis in vivo

1999 • 35 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Inhibits Lysosomal and Proteasome-Dependent Proteolysis in Skeletal Muscle After Burn Injury

2002 • 35 citations

HYPOPHYSECTOMY, HIGH TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR LEVELS, AND HEMOGLOBINEMIA IN LETHAL ENDOTOXEMIC SHOCK

1998 • 19 citations

Recent Publications of the National Research Council

1927 • 2 citations

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