Alterations in fuel metabolism in critical illness: hyperglycaemia

Definitions for Sepsis and Organ Failure and Guidelines for the Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis

1992 • 12,726 citations

American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference

1992 • 4,689 citations

The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis and Immune-Mediated Inflammation

1995 • 2,525 citations

Stress hyperglycaemia and increased risk of death after myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes: a systematic overview

2000 • 2,166 citations

Critical Care Medicine

1971 • 2,033 citations

Randomized trial of insulin-glucose infusion followed by subcutaneous insulin treatment in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (DIGAMI study): Effects on mortality at 1 year

1995 • 1,586 citations

Biology of multifunctional cytokines: IL 6 and related molecules (IL 1 and TNF)

1990 • 1,307 citations

Continuous intravenous insulin infusion reduces the incidence of deep sternal wound infection in diabetic patients after cardiac surgical procedures

1999 • 1,273 citations

Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia

2001 • 1,138 citations

Multiple Organ Failure

1999 • 820 citations

Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways

1990 • 796 citations

Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

1999 • 755 citations

The Immune-Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis*

1989 • 671 citations

Rates and tissue sites of non-insulin- and insulin-mediated glucose uptake in humans

1988 • 627 citations

Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways

1990 • 611 citations

Advances in Enzymology

1963 • 606 citations

Alanine: Key Role in Gluconeogenesis

1970 • 580 citations

Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism during stress: A review of the literature

1995 • 509 citations

Tumor necrosis factor impairs insulin action on peripheral glucose disposal and hepatic glucose output.

1992 • 493 citations

Interaction between glucose and free fatty acid metabolism in human skeletal muscle.

1993 • 476 citations

Applied Nutrition in ICU Patients

1997 • 461 citations

Pleiotropic insulin signals are engaged by multisite phosphorylation of IRS-1.

1993 • 452 citations

POST-SHOCK METABOLIC RESPONSE*1

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Mammalian Facilitative Glucose Transporter Family: Structure and Molecular Regulation

1992 • 419 citations

Commentary from Westminster. ECT at Broadmoor.

1980 • 408 citations

Reevaluation of the Role of Cellular Hypoxia and Bioenergetic Failure in Sepsis

1992 • 383 citations

Mammalian glucokinase and its gene

1993 • 337 citations

Glucose metabolism in severely burned patients

1979 • 332 citations

Glycemic Control and Sliding Scale Insulin Use in Medical Inpatients With Diabetes Mellitus

1997 • 326 citations

Effect of Injury and Infection on Visceral Metabolism and Circulation

1980 • 290 citations

Uptake and release of glucose by the human kidney. Postabsorptive rates and responses to epinephrine.

1995 • 277 citations

Physiological and metabolic correlations in human sepsis. Invited commentary.

1979 • 275 citations

Renal glucose production and utilization: new aspects in humans

1997 • 257 citations

HORMONAL CONTROL OF METABOLISM IN TRAUMA AND SEPSIS

1986 • 249 citations

Physiological and metabolic correlations in human sepsis

1980 • 244 citations

TNF-α impairs insulin signaling and insulin stimulation of glucose uptake in C₂C₁₂muscle cells

1999 • 237 citations

Stimulation of Muscle Protein Synthesis by Long-Term Insulin Infusion in Severely Burned Patients

1995 • 234 citations

A Submaximal Dose of Insulin Promotes Net Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis in Patients With Severe Burns

1999 • 232 citations

Control of glycaemia

1993 • 218 citations

Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure

1993 • 216 citations

Stress hormone and blood glucose response following acute stroke in the elderly.

1991 • 213 citations

Role of glutamine in human carbohydrate metabolism in kidney and other tissues

1999 • 213 citations

Relationship Between Admission Hyperglycemia and Neurologic Outcome of Severely Brain-Injured Patients

1989 • 207 citations

Cytokines in Health and Disease

1992 • 199 citations

Components of energy expenditure in patients with severe sepsis and major trauma

1999 • 197 citations

Mechanism by which hyperglycemia inhibits hepatic glucose production in conscious rats. Implications for the pathophysiology of fasting hyperglycemia in diabetes.

1993 • 191 citations

Differentiation between septic and postburn insulin resistance

1989 • 187 citations

Hyperglycemia Associated With High, Continuous Infusion Rates of Total Parenteral Nutrition Dextrose

1996 • 179 citations

Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism

1998 • 178 citations

Effects of Insulin on Wound Healing

1998 • 175 citations

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Insufficiency

2001 • 172 citations

Energy Metabolism, Indirect Calorimetry, and Nutrition

1989 • 156 citations

[Cytokines in health and disease].

1996 • 155 citations

In vivo regulation of muscle glycogen synthase and the control of glycogen synthesis.

1995 • 154 citations

Contribution of different organs to increased glucose consumption after endotoxin administration.

1987 • 152 citations

Energy Metabolism, Indirect Calorimetry, and Nutrition

1989 • 148 citations

Effect of Interferon on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity

1989 • 144 citations

Regulation of endogenous glucose production by glucose per se is impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

1998 • 143 citations

Hormonal control of substrate cycling in humans.

1988 • 139 citations

Regional and Systemic Oxygen Delivery/Uptake Relations and Lactate Flux in Hyperdynamic, Endotoxin-treated Dogs

1992 • 135 citations

Complications of coronary artery surgery in diabetic patients.

1991 • 129 citations

Release of Lactate by the Lung in Acute Lung Injury

1997 • 129 citations

The Role of Futile Cycles in the Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Liver

1981 • 124 citations

Leukocyte glycolysis and lactate output in animal sepsis and ex vivo human blood

1999 • 121 citations

Autoregulation of hepatic glucose production

1998 • 116 citations

Hypocaloric Support in the Critically Ill

1999 • 114 citations

Correlation Between Measured Energy Expenditure and Clinically Obtained Variables in Trauma and Sepsis Patients

1994 • 111 citations

Lipid mediators in the pathophysiology of critical illness

2000 • 111 citations

STUDIES OF THE ABSORPTION AND METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE FOLLOWING INJURY

1955 • 104 citations

Impact of chronic stress hormone infusion on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism in the conscious dog

1993 • 101 citations

Regulation of Net Hepatic Glucose Uptake In Vivo

1992 • 99 citations

Tumor necrosis factor increases in vivo glucose utilization of macrophage-rich tissues

1987 • 96 citations

Effect of glucose, independent of changes in insulin and glucagon secretion, on alanine metabolism in the conscious dog.

1980 • 94 citations

Isotopic evaluation of the metabolism of pyruvate and related substrates in normal adult volunteers and severely burned children: effect of dichloroacetate and glucose infusion.

1991 • 92 citations

Interleukin 1 stimulates hexose transport in fibroblasts by increasing the expression of glucose transporters.

1990 • 86 citations

Substrate utilization/insulin resistance in sepsis/trauma

1997 • 81 citations

Neural Mechanisms in the Control of Blood Glucose Concentration

1989 • 79 citations

Gram-Negative Infection Increases Noninsulin-Mediated Glucose Disposal*

1991 • 76 citations

The relationship of plasma catecholamines to acute metabolic and hormonal responses to injury in man.

1985 • 75 citations

Sepsis-induced insulin resistance in rats is mediated by a beta-adrenergic mechanism

1992 • 75 citations

ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN INSULIN-STIMULATED PHOSPHORYLATION OF INSULIN RECEPTOR, IRS-1, AND MAP KINASE IN SKELETAL MUSCLE

1996 • 74 citations

Endocrine–paracine interaction in communication between the immune and endocrine systems. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in inflammation

1994 • 74 citations

Acute hyperglycemia enhances proteolysis in normal man

1993 • 69 citations

Prevalence of stress hyperglycemia among patients attending a pediatric emergency department

1994 • 64 citations

Low-dose interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor individually stimulate insulin release but in combination cause suppression

1994 • 64 citations

Multiple Organ Failure

1990 • 63 citations

Effect of Total Parenteral Nutrition on Hepatic Histology

1988 • 60 citations

Insulin therapy in burn patients does not contribute to hepatic triglyceride production.

1998 • 59 citations

High prevalence of stress hyperglycaemia in children with febrile seizures and traumatic injuries

2001 • 59 citations

Glucose and lactate metabolism in experimental septic shock

1978 • 58 citations

Sepsis as a modulator of adaptation to low and high carbohydrate and low and high fat intakes

1999 • 56 citations

High prevalence of stress hyperglycaemia in children with febrile seizures and traumatic injuries

2001 • 56 citations

Effect of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor/cachectin on glucose turnover in the rat

1990 • 54 citations

3 Action of insulin on glucose metabolism in vivo

1993 • 53 citations

Tumor necrosis factor mediates zymosan-induced increase in glucose flux and insulin resistance

1995 • 53 citations

Mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in sepsis.

1995 • 52 citations

Selective impairment of glucose storage in human sepsis

1999 • 47 citations

Growth Hormone, Alone and in Combination With Insulin, Increases Whole Body and Skeletal Muscle Protein Kinetics in Cancer Patients After Surgery

1999 • 44 citations

Neutrophil Chemiluminescence during Phagocytosis Is Inhibited by Abnormally Elevated Levels of Acetoacetate: Implications for Diabetic Susceptibility to Infections

1998 • 43 citations

Carbohydrate metabolism in the critically ill patient. Implications for nutritional support.

1987 • 37 citations

Hyperglycemic Levels of Glucose Inhibit Interleukin 1 Release from RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophages by Activation of Protein Kinase C

1998 • 36 citations

Central and Peripheral Mechanisms Contribute to the Hypoglycemia Induced by Interleukin‐1^a

1998 • 36 citations

Effects of lactate on glucose metabolism in healthy subjects and in severely injured hyperglycemic patients

1995 • 36 citations

NEUROENDOCRINE MOBILIZATION OF BODY FUELS AFTER INJURY

1985 • 33 citations

Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Sepsis and Hepatic Failure

1985 • 32 citations

Carbohydrate Melabolism in the Critically Ill Patient

1987 • 31 citations

Multiple Organ Failure Syndrome

1990 • 31 citations

Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by Altered Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity. I. Potential Site of Insulin Resistance in Sepsis

1986 • 30 citations

Pyruvate dehydrogenase inactivity is not responsible for sepsis-induced insulin resistance

1996 • 28 citations

Sepsis-induced alterations in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression: the role of insulin and glucagon.

1993 • 25 citations

Autoregulation of glucose production in health and disease

1999 • 22 citations

Role of IL-1α in central nervous system immunomodulation of glucoregulation

1993 • 15 citations

Paradoxical positive nitrogen balance in burn patients receiving high-dose administration of insulin for nutritional care

1997 • 13 citations

Hormonal responses associated with early hyperglycemia after graded hemorrhage in dogs

1986 • 10 citations

Contribution of central and peripheral adrenergic stimulation to IL-1 alpha-mediated glucoregulation

1994 • 10 citations

Mechanism of Insulin Resistance in Infection

1993 • 8 citations

FROM NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT TO PHARMACOLOGIC NUTRITION IN THE ICU

2000 • 7 citations

Upregulation of glucose metabolism by granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor

1991 • 5 citations

Hyperglycemia and Blood Sugar Management: Implications for Infection

2002 • 2 citations