The evolving role of statins in the management of atherosclerosis

Summary of the Second Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II)

1993 • 28,274 citations

Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)

1994 • 8,631 citations

The Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Events after Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Average Cholesterol Levels

1996 • 7,450 citations

Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia

1995 • 7,378 citations

Primary Prevention of Acute Coronary Events With Lovastatin in Men and Women With Average Cholesterol Levels

1998 • 5,293 citations

Prevention of Cardiovascular Events and Death with Pravastatin in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and a Broad Range of Initial Cholesterol Levels

1998 • 5,229 citations

Helsinki Heart Study: Primary-Prevention Trial with Gemfibrozil in Middle-Aged Men with Dyslipidemia

1987 • 3,889 citations

Compensatory Enlargement of Human Atherosclerotic Coronary Arteries

1987 • 3,549 citations

PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE WITH PRAVASTATIN IN MEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

1995 • 3,524 citations

The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial Results

1984 • 2,673 citations

The Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease and the Acute Coronary Syndromes

1992 • 2,655 citations

Regression of Coronary Artery Disease as a Result of Intensive Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Men with High Levels of Apolipoprotein B

1990 • 2,192 citations

Molecular Bases of the Acute Coronary Syndromes

1995 • 2,049 citations

Upregulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase by HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors

1998 • 1,860 citations

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase as predictors of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before clinical onset of disease

1994 • 1,697 citations

INFLUENCE OF PLAQUE CONFIGURATION AND STRESS DISTRIBUTION ON FISSURING OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES

1989 • 1,249 citations

Multivalent feedback regulation of HMG CoA reductase, a control mechanism coordinating isoprenoid synthesis and cell growth.

1980 • 1,195 citations

Platelet Activation in Unstable Coronary Disease

1986 • 1,161 citations

Risk of thrombosis in human atherosclerotic plaques: role of extracellular lipid, macrophage, and smooth muscle cell content.

1993 • 1,132 citations

Serum Cholesterol Levels and Six-Year Mortality from Stroke in 350,977 Men Screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

1989 • 1,123 citations

The Effect of Cholesterol-Lowering and Antioxidant Therapy on Endothelium-Dependent Coronary Vasomotion

1995 • 1,123 citations

Beneficial Effects of Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy on the Coronary Endothelium in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

1996 • 1,066 citations

Simvastatin, an HMG–Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor, Improves Endothelial Function Within 1 Month

1997 • 968 citations

The Effect of Aggressive Lowering of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Low-Dose Anticoagulation on Obstructive Changes in Saphenous-Vein Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafts

1997 • 954 citations

Effect of lovastatin on early carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Progression Study (ACAPS) Research Group.

1994 • 887 citations

The Cellular Functions of Small GTP-Binding Proteins

1990 • 881 citations

Cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, and stroke: 13 000 strokes in 450 000 people in 45 prospective cohorts

1995 • 852 citations

Effects of Lipid Lowering by Pravastatin on Progression and Regression of Coronary Artery Disease in Symptomatic Men With Normal to Moderately Elevated Serum Cholesterol Levels

1995 • 846 citations

Lipid lowering and plaque regression. New insights into prevention of plaque disruption and clinical events in coronary disease.

1993 • 833 citations

Influence of Pravastatin and Plasma Lipids on Clinical Events in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS)

1998 • 804 citations

Statins do more than just lower cholesterol

1996 • 714 citations

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 is expressed in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Implications for the mode of progression of advanced coronary atherosclerosis.

1993 • 709 citations

The Yin and Yang of Oxidation in the Development of the Fatty Streak

1996 • 705 citations

Effect of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors on Coronary Artery Disease as Assessed by Electron-Beam Computed Tomography

1998 • 697 citations

Lysophosphatidylcholine: a chemotactic factor for human monocytes and its potential role in atherogenesis.

1988 • 655 citations

Effect of simvastatin on coronary atheroma: the Multicentre Anti-Atheroma Study (MAAS)

1994 • 648 citations

The association between serum Lp(a) concentrations and angiographically assessed coronary atherosclerosisDependence on serum LDL levels

1986 • 643 citations

Lipoprotein Changes and Reduction in the Incidence of Major Coronary Heart Disease Events in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)

1998 • 639 citations

Coronary Angiographic Changes with Lovastatin Therapy: The Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS)

1993 • 637 citations

Tissue Factor Modulates the Thrombogenicity of Human Atherosclerotic Plaques

1997 • 612 citations

Pravastatin, lipids, and atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries (PLAC-II)

1995 • 612 citations

Reduction in serum cholesterol with pravastatin improves endothelium-dependent coronary vasomotion in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

1994 • 602 citations

Localization of stromelysin gene expression in atherosclerotic plaques by in situ hybridization.

1991 • 593 citations

Single LDL Apheresis Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilatation in Hypercholesterolemic Humans

1997 • 550 citations

Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein Decreases the Expression of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase

1995 • 547 citations

Effects of monotherapy with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by serial quantitative arteriography. The Canadian Coronary Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial.

1994 • 504 citations

National cholesterol education program: Second report of the expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel II)

1994 • 469 citations

Hyperlipidemia and Coronary Disease

1995 • 444 citations

Pravastatin limitation of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries (PLAC I): Reduction in atherosclerosis progression and clinical events

1995 • 431 citations

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Decrease CD11b Expression and CD11b-Dependent Adhesion of Monocytes to Endothelium and Reduce Increased Adhesiveness of Monocytes Isolated From Patients With Hypercholesterolemia

1997 • 423 citations

Relationship Between Plasma LDL Concentrations During Treatment With Pravastatin and Recurrent Coronary Events in the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial

1998 • 381 citations

Regulation of nitric oxide synthesis by proinflammatory cytokines in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Elevations in tetrahydrobiopterin levels enhance endothelial nitric oxide synthase specific activity.

1994 • 365 citations

Vastatins Inhibit Tissue Factor in Cultured Human Macrophages

1997 • 348 citations

Short-term cholesterol lowering decreases size and severity of perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography after dipyridamole in patients with coronary artery disease. A potential noninvasive marker of healing coronary endothelium.

1994 • 338 citations

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors lower LDL cholesterol without reducing Lp(a) levels.

1989 • 336 citations

Effects of Fluvastatin on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Mild to Moderate Cholesterol Elevations (Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study [LCAS])

1997 • 324 citations

THE EFFECT OF PRAVASTATIN ON CORONARY EVENTS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PATIENTS WITH AVERAGE CHOLESTEROL LEVELS

1996 • 322 citations

Stroke, Statins, and Cholesterol

1997 • 316 citations

Effects of Lowering Elevated LDL Cholesterol on the Cardiovascular Risk of Lipoprotein(a)

1995 • 287 citations

Inhibition of Thromboxane Biosynthesis and Platelet Function by Simvastatin in Type IIa Hypercholesterolemia

1995 • 264 citations

Effects of Lowering Average or Below-Average Cholesterol Levels on the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis

1998 • 258 citations

Minimally modified low density lipoprotein-induced inflammatory responses in endothelial cells are mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

1993 • 251 citations

Effect of pravastatin on cardiovascular events in women after myocardial infarction: the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) trial

1998 • 242 citations

Effect of Cholesterol Reduction on Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Coronary Disease

1997 • 221 citations

Inhibition of proliferation of human smooth muscle cells by various HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; comparison with other human cell types

1997 • 218 citations

Reductase Inhibitor Monotherapy and Stroke Prevention

1997 • 213 citations

Preservation of Endogenous Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation as Common Mechanisms of Antiatherosclerotic Effects of Vitamin E, Lovastatin and Amlodipine

1997 • 208 citations

Effects of Fluvastatin on Leukocyte–Endothelial Cell Adhesion in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

1997 • 198 citations

Reduction of Transient Myocardial Ischemia With Pravastatin in Addition to the Conventional Treatment in Patients With Angina Pectoris

1996 • 164 citations

Vascular Effects of Statins in Stroke

1997 • 152 citations

Lovastatin inhibits low-density lipoprotein oxidation and alters its fluidity and uptake by macrophages: In vitro and in vivo studies

1992 • 144 citations

Helsinki Heart Study

1988 • 133 citations

Induction of P-Selectin by Oxidized Lipoproteins

1997 • 127 citations

Effects of long-term treatment with lovastatin on the clotting system and blood platelets

1992 • 114 citations

Altered disposition of pravastatin following concomitant drug therapy with cyclosporin A in transplant recipients.

1993 • 113 citations

Improvement of myocardial perfusion by short-term fluvastatin therapy in coronary artery disease

1995 • 108 citations

The effect of simvastatin on progression of coronary artery disease: The Multicenter Coronary Intervention Study (CIS)

1997 • 100 citations

Low-Density Lipoproteins Inhibit the Na ⁺ /H ⁺ Antiport in Human Platelets

1997 • 96 citations

Oxidized LDL-induced leukocyte/endothelium interaction in vivo involves the receptor for platelet-activating factor.

1993 • 93 citations

Elevated plasma levels of vascular endothelial cell markers in patients with hypercholesterolemia

1993 • 91 citations

Platelet-Dependent Thrombin Generation in Patients With Hyperlipidemia

1997 • 89 citations

Isoprenoid metabolism is required for stimulation of the respiratory burst oxidase of HL-60 cells.

1992 • 89 citations

Direct Effects of Statins on the Vascular Wall

1998 • 87 citations

Effect of Combination Therapy with Lipid-Reducing Drugs in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and “Normal” Cholesterol Levels

1996 • 86 citations

Arginine: A New Therapy for Atherosclerosis?

1997 • 85 citations

Platelet Cytosolic Ca ²⁺ and Membrane Dynamics in Patients With Primary Hypercholesterolemia

1995 • 81 citations

Platelet deposition at high shear rates is enhanced by high plasma cholesterol levels. In vivo study in the rabbit model.

1991 • 74 citations

Influence of cholesterol lowering on plasma membrane lipids and cationic transport systems.

1994 • 53 citations

Effect of simvastatin on coronary atheroma

1994 • 51 citations

Proteoglycans Contribution to Association of Lp(a) and LDL With Smooth Muscle Cell Extracellular Matrix

1999 • 50 citations

Effects of flwastatin on growth of porcine and human vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro

1995 • 48 citations

Biochemical and functional alterations associated with hypercholesterolemia in platelets from hypertensive patients

1992 • 26 citations

Platelet α2-adrenergic receptors in hypercholesterolemia: Relationship between binding studies and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation

1997 • 24 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations