The B cell response in multiple sclerosis

Axonal Transection in the Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis

1998 • 4,007 citations

Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: Implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination

2000 • 3,258 citations

Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: Pathology of the newly forming lesion

2004 • 1,167 citations

Detection of Ectopic B‐cell Follicles with Germinal Centers in the Meninges of Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

2004 • 1,146 citations

The T Lymphocyte in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis

1990 • 1,005 citations

Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system

2003 • 1,005 citations

Clonal Expansions of Cd8+ T Cells Dominate the T Cell Infiltrate in Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions as Shown by Micromanipulation and Single Cell Polymerase Chain Reaction

2000 • 918 citations

THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

1938 • 896 citations

Regulation of plasma-cell development

2005 • 826 citations

Cervical lymphatics, the blood-brain barrier and the immunoreactivity of the brain: a new view

1992 • 653 citations

Antimyelin Antibodies as a Predictor of Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis after a First Demyelinating Event

2003 • 628 citations

Human cerebrospinal fluid central memory CD4⁺T cells: Evidence for trafficking through choroid plexus and meninges via P-selectin

2003 • 508 citations

BAFF is produced by astrocytes and up-regulated in multiple sclerosis lesions and primary central nervous system lymphoma

2005 • 474 citations

A quantitative analysis of oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions

1999 • 445 citations

Multiple sclerosis: In situ evidence for antibody‐ and complement‐mediated demyelination

1998 • 423 citations

Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the perivascular compartment in chronic multiple sclerosis.

1978 • 419 citations

Multiple Sclerosis: Distribution of T Cell Subsets Within Active Chronic Lesions

1983 • 417 citations

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1969 • 406 citations

Patterns of oligodendroglia pathology in multiple sclerosis

1994 • 403 citations

Recapitulation of B cell differentiation in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis

2004 • 360 citations

Short-lived plasma blasts are the main B cell effector subset during the course of multiple sclerosis

2005 • 355 citations

Multiple sclerosis: Brain-infiltrating CD8⁺T cells persist as clonal expansions in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood

2004 • 327 citations

The application of multifactorial cluster analysis in the staging of plaques in early multiple sclerosis. Identification and characterization of the primary demyelinating lesion

1997 • 326 citations

Clonal expansion and somatic hypermutation of V(H) genes of B cells from cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis.

1998 • 321 citations

Intracerebral expression of CXCL13 and BAFF is accompanied by formation of lymphoid follicle-like structures in the meninges of mice with relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2004 • 310 citations

B Cell Repertoire Diversity and Clonal Expansion in Multiple Sclerosis Brain Lesions

1999 • 292 citations

Identification of Epstein-Barr virus proteins as putative targets of the immune response in multiple sclerosis

2005 • 278 citations

Transfer of Central Nervous System Autoantigens and Presentation in Secondary Lymphoid Organs

2002 • 277 citations

Identification of Epstein-Barr virus proteins as putative targets of the immune response in multiple sclerosis

2005 • 267 citations

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: A misleading model of multiple sclerosis

2005 • 262 citations

Multiple sclerosis: Capping of surface immunoglobulin G on macrophages engaged in myelin breakdown

1981 • 259 citations

The role of B cells and autoantibodies in multiple sclerosis

2000 • 254 citations

Accumulation of Clonally Related B Lymphocytes in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2000 • 247 citations

Oligoclonal expansion of memory CD8+ T cells in cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients

2002 • 246 citations

B cells and antibodies in CNS demyelinating disease

2001 • 246 citations

Vesicular removal by oligodendrocytes of membrane attack complexes formed by activated complement

1989 • 243 citations

Patterns of cerebrospinal fluid pathology correlate with disease progression in multiple sclerosis

2001 • 230 citations

Initiation of Immune Responses in Brain Is Promoted by Local Dendritic Cells

2004 • 227 citations

Protective long-term antibody memory by antigen-driven and T help-dependent differentiation of long-lived memory B cells to short-lived plasma cells independent of secondary lymphoid organs

2000 • 216 citations

Single-Cell Repertoire Analysis Demonstrates that Clonal Expansion Is a Prominent Feature of the B Cell Response in Multiple Sclerosis Cerebrospinal Fluid

2003 • 213 citations

The CD4–Th1 model for multiple sclerosis: a crucial re-appraisal

2004 • 202 citations

Oligoclonal Measles Virus‐Specific IgG Antibodies Isolated from Cerebrospinal Fluids, Brain Extracts, and Sera from Patients with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis and Multiple Sclerosis

1976 • 195 citations

Antigen-Dependent Intrathecal Antibody Synthesis in the Normal Rat Brain: Tissue Entry and Local Retention of Antigen-Specific B Cells

1998 • 195 citations

Determinants of Human B Cell Migration Across Brain Endothelial Cells

2003 • 192 citations

A reappraisal of the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota

1990 • 190 citations

A STUDY OF THE CRYSTALLINE ALBUMIN, GAMMA GLOBULIN AND TOTAL PROTEIN IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF ONE HUNDRED CASES OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND IN OTHER DISEASES

1950 • 184 citations

Restricted use of V_H4 Germline segments in an acute multiple sclerosis brain

1998 • 176 citations

The immunogenesis of the multiple sclerosis plaque

1971 • 171 citations

Temporal invariance and clonal uniformity of brain and cerebrospinal IgG, IgA, and IgM in multiple sclerosis.

1986 • 169 citations

Antibodies from Inflamed Central Nervous System Tissue Recognize Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

2005 • 167 citations

In Vitro Adhesion and Migration of T Lymphocytes Across Monolayers of Human Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells: Regulation by ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and PECAM-1

1999 • 160 citations

Role of the cervical lymphatics in the Th2-type hierarchy of CNS immune regulation1This work was supported by National Institute of Health Grant (RO1 NS33070-03) and The Brain Tumor Society.1

1999 • 135 citations

Oligoclonal bands and antibody responses in Multiple Sclerosis

2002 • 129 citations

Intrathecal IgM synthesis predicts the onset of new relapses and a worse disease course in MS

2002 • 124 citations

Mumps Meningitis: Prolonged Pleocytosis and Occurrence of Mumps Virus-Specific Oligoclonal IgG in the Cerebrospinal Fluid

1978 • 106 citations

Neurosyphilis: Intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal antibodies to treponema pallidum

1982 • 99 citations

Unveiling the enigma of the CNS as a B-cell fostering environment

2005 • 93 citations

Immunoglobulin class and light chain type of oligoclonal bands in CSF in multiple sclerosis determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and immunofixation

1979 • 92 citations

Anti-myelin antibodies do not allow earlier diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

2005 • 90 citations

Comparison of immunoglobulin G heavy-chain sequences in MS and SSPE brains reveals an antigen-driven response

2000 • 89 citations

Comparison of agar gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing in multiple sclerosis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

1981 • 89 citations

Regulation of Th1 and Th2 Lymphocyte Migration by Human Adult Brain Endothelial Cells

2001 • 87 citations

Comparative Analysis of the CD19+ and CD138+ Cell Antibody Repertoires in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2004 • 80 citations

Receptor revision and atypical mutational characteristics in clonally expanded B cells from the cerebrospinal fluid of recently diagnosed multiple sclerosis patients

2004 • 74 citations

Pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: The eyes only see what the mind is prepared to comprehend

2004 • 62 citations

The search for virus in multiple sclerosis brain

1996 • 60 citations

Characterization of immune complexes in progressive rubella panencephalitis

1981 • 57 citations

HTLV‐I‐associated myelopathy: Oligoclonal immunoglobulin G bands contain anti‐HTLV‐I p24 antibody

1988 • 56 citations

Laser-capture microdissection of plasma cells from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis brain reveals intrathecal disease-relevant antibodies

2005 • 53 citations

The Immunoglobulin G Heavy Chain Repertoire in Multiple Sclerosis Plaques Is Distinct from the Heavy Chain Repertoire in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

2001 • 49 citations

Oligoclonal immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid during varicella zoster virus (VZV) vasculopathy are directed against VZV

2003 • 46 citations

B‐lymphocyte and plasma cell clonal expansion in monosymptomatic optic neuritis cerebrospinal fluid

2004 • 43 citations

Antibody-mediated CNS demyelination II. Focal spinal cord lesions induced by implantation of an IgM antisulfatide-secreting hybridoma

2003 • 34 citations

Analysis of the intrathecal humoral immune response in Brown Norway (BN) rats, infected with the murine coronavirus JHM

1987 • 34 citations

Detection of CSF-specific oligoclonal antibodies to recombinant JC virus VP1 in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

1997 • 31 citations

An isoelectric focusing overlay study of the humoral immune response in Theiler's virus demyelinating disease

1987 • 30 citations

An isoelectric focusing study in herpes simplex virus encephalitis

1988 • 20 citations

B cells in multiple sclerosis

2004 • 17 citations

Distribution of cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal IgM bands in neurological diseases: a comparison between agarose electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing

1992 • 16 citations

Measles-specific IgG in CSF and serum from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

1982 • 13 citations

Identification of virus-specific oligoclonal bands in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis by immunofixation after isoelectric focusing and peroxidase staining

1982 • 7 citations