Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: current and future applications in psychiatric research

J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci

1992 • 3,756 citations

MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat- related posttraumatic stress disorder

1995 • 1,567 citations

Schizophrenia: Caused by a fault in programmed synaptic elimination during adolescence?

1982 • 1,352 citations

Phosphatidylcholine breakdown and signal transduction

1994 • 955 citations

Local Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rates in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1987 • 855 citations

Neuroimaging and frontal-subcortical circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder

1998 • 823 citations

Physiological Dysfunction of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia Revisited

2000 • 811 citations

Systematic Changes in Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate After Successful Behavior Modification Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1996 • 691 citations

Reduced Cortical γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Depressed Patients Determined by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

1999 • 610 citations

Lactate rise detected by 1H NMR in human visual cortex during physiologic stimulation.

1991 • 592 citations

Reduced glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex in depression: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

2000 • 567 citations

Local Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rates in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1990 • 546 citations

Long Term Lithium Treatment Suppresses p53 and Bax Expression but Increases Bcl-2 Expression

1999 • 470 citations

Regional metabolite concentrations in human brain as determined by quantitative localized proton MRS

1998 • 464 citations

Lithium increases N-acetyl-aspartate in the human brain: in vivo evidence in support of bcl-2’s neurotrophic effects?

2000 • 398 citations

GABA and mood disorders: a brief review and hypothesis

1995 • 370 citations

Decrease in Caudate Glutamatergic Concentrations in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients Taking Paroxetine

2000 • 368 citations

Localized Orbitofrontal and Subcortical Metabolic Changes and Predictors of Response to Paroxetine Treatment in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1999 • 361 citations

Probable Alzheimer disease: diagnosis with proton MR spectroscopy.

1995 • 295 citations

Decreased dorsolateral prefrontal N-acetyl aspartate in bipolar disorder

2000 • 291 citations

Regionally specific pattern of neurochemical pathology in schizophrenia as assessed by multislice proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging

1996 • 263 citations

Reductions in Occipital Cortex GABA Levels in Panic Disorder Detected With 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

2001 • 255 citations

N-Acetylaspartate Concentration in the Anterior Cingulate of Maltreated Children and Adolescents With PTSD

2000 • 253 citations

Decreased Anterior Cingulate Myo-inositol/Creatine Spectroscopy Resonance with Lithium Treatment in Children with Bipolar Disorder

2001 • 251 citations

Alterations in brain phosphorous metabolism in bipolar disorder detected by in vivo 31P and 7Li magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1993 • 227 citations

Frontal Brain Asymmetry as a Biological Substrate of Emotions in Patients With Panic Disorders

1999 • 224 citations

In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of the relationship between the glutamate--glutamine neurotransmitter cycle and functional neuroenergetics

1999 • 223 citations

The Hippocampus in Patients Treated With Electroconvulsive Therapy

2000 • 212 citations

Brain phosphorous metabolism in depressive disorders detected by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1992 • 200 citations

Human brain fluoxetine concentrations

1993 • 197 citations

Brain Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution In Vivo of Fluvoxamine and Fluoxetine by Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

2000 • 193 citations

Choline, myo‐inositol and mood in bipolar disorder: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study of the anterior cingulate cortex

2000 • 193 citations

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in schizophrenia: methodological issues and findings–part I

2000 • 192 citations

Temporal Dissociation Between Lithium-Induced Changes in Frontal Lobe myo-Inositol and Clinical Response in Manic-Depressive Illness

1999 • 191 citations

Proton MR spectroscopy in children with bipolar affective disorder: preliminary observations.

2000 • 182 citations

Chronic lithium and sodium valproate both decrease the concentration of myo-inositol and increase the concentration of inositol monophosphates in rat brain

2000 • 180 citations

A Short Echo¹H Spectroscopy and Volumetric MRI Study of the Corpus Striatum in Patients With Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder and Comparison Subjects

1998 • 167 citations

Lower levels of nucleoside triphosphate in the basal ganglia of depressed subjects: a phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

1997 • 162 citations

Quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the basal ganglia in patients with affective disorders

1998 • 155 citations

1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence for neuronal loss in the cingulate gyrus and the right striatum

1997 • 154 citations

31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the frontal lobe of major depressed patients

1998 • 154 citations

Fluoxetine: A Serotonin‐specific, Second‐generation Antidepressant

1987 • 151 citations

Brain choline in depression: In vivo detection of potential pharmacodynamic effects of antidepressant therapy using hydrogen localized spectroscopy

1994 • 142 citations

Biochemical markers of intelligence: a proton MR spectroscopy study of normal human brain

1999 • 141 citations

Brain perfusion abnormalities in drug-naive, lactate-sensitive panic patients: A SPECT study

1993 • 136 citations

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Affective Disorders

1998 • 135 citations

In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the medial temporal lobes of subjects with combat‐related posttraumatic stress disorder

1998 • 132 citations

The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, synaptic plasticity, and depressive disorder

2000 • 128 citations

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Cortical Gray and White Matter in Schizophrenia

1998 • 124 citations

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in schizophrenia: methodological issues and findings—part II

2000 • 123 citations

Towards a method for automated classification of1H MRS spectra from brain tumours

1998 • 122 citations

Altered development of prefrontal neurons in rhesus monkeys with neonatal mesial temporo-limbic lesions: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study

1997 • 121 citations

Gender Effects on Persistent Cerebral Metabolite Changes in the Frontal Lobes of Abstinent Cocaine Users

1999 • 120 citations

Effects of age, medication, and illness duration on the N-acetyl aspartate signal of the anterior cingulate region in schizophrenia

2000 • 117 citations

Effect of chronic psychosocial stress and long-term cortisol treatment on hippocampus-mediated memory and hippocampal volume: a pilot-study in tree shrews

2000 • 115 citations

31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Neurodevelopment and Schizophrenia

1993 • 114 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation of hyperventilation in subjects with panic disorder and comparison subjects

1995 • 114 citations

Topiramate increases cerebral GABA in healthy humans

1998 • 112 citations

Basal ganglia choline levels in depression and response to fluoxetine treatment: An in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

1997 • 111 citations

The relationship between dorsolateral prefrontal N-acetylaspartate measures and striatal dopamine activity in schizophrenia

1999 • 110 citations

Cerebral Metabolism of Lactatein Vivo: Evidence for Neuronal Pyruvate Carboxylation

2000 • 109 citations

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Frontal and Temporal Lobes of Neuroleptic Naive Patients with Schizophrenia

1999 • 104 citations

Selective Relationship Between PrefrontalN-Acetylaspartate Measures and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

2000 • 104 citations

Using pattern analysis ofin vivo proton MRSI data to improve the diagnosis and surgical management of patients with brain tumors

1998 • 102 citations

Reduced phosphodiesters and high-energy phosphates in the frontal lobe of schizophrenic patients: a 31P chemical shift spectroscopic-imaging study

2000 • 97 citations

Measurement of brain phosphoinositide metabolism in bipolar patients using in vivo 31P-MRS

1991 • 95 citations

Brain imaging in clinical psychiatry

1997 • 92 citations

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Guided Brain Tumor Resection: Differentiation Between Recurrent Glioma and Radiation Change in Two Diagnostically Difficult Cases

1998 • 92 citations

Myo-inositol in depressive and healthy subjects determined by frontal 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5 tesla

1998 • 92 citations

Accumulation of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in human brain during therapeutic administration

1992 • 88 citations

Hippocampal pathology in schizophrenia: magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy studies

2000 • 87 citations

Case Study: Caudate Glutamatergic Changes With Paroxetine Therapy for Pediatric Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder

1998 • 86 citations

In vivo measurement of lithium in humans by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1988 • 86 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the temporal lobes in schizophrenics and normal controls

1996 • 83 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the lenticular nuclei in bipolar I affective disorder

1998 • 82 citations

Two-dimensional Proton Echo-Planar Spectroscopic Imaging of Brain Metabolic Changes During Lactate-Induced Panic

1999 • 80 citations

A short echo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the left mesial-temporal lobe in first-onset schizophrenic patients

1999 • 78 citations

Brain Imaging in Clinical Psychiatry

1997 • 78 citations

Dual Voxel Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Healthy Elderly: Subcortical-Frontal Axonal N-Acetylaspartate Levels Are Correlated with Fluid Cognitive Abilities Independent of Structural Brain Changes

2000 • 76 citations

Assessment of GABA concentration in human brain using two-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2000 • 76 citations

Effects of a phonologically driven treatment for dyslexia on lactate levels measured by proton MR spectroscopic imaging.

2000 • 76 citations

Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in Alzheimer's disease: changes after treatment with xanomeline, an M1 selective cholinergic agonist

1997 • 75 citations

Broadband decoupled, ¹H‐localized ¹³C MRS of the human brain at 4 tesla

1996 • 74 citations

Measurements of human cerebral GABA at 4.1 T using numerically optimized editing pulses

1998 • 74 citations

Functional Imaging Studies: Linking Mind and Basic Neuroscience

2001 • 70 citations

Preliminary application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate lactate-induced panic

1994 • 65 citations

Compounds Containing Cytosolic Choline in the Basal Ganglia: A Potential Biological Marker of True Drug Response to Fluoxetine

1999 • 63 citations

Dyslexic children have abnormal brain lactate response to reading-related language tasks.

1999 • 62 citations

Abnormal cerebral metabolism in polydrug abusers during early withdrawal: A ³¹P MR spectroscopy study

1996 • 60 citations

Brain lithium concentration by 7Li- and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in bipolar disorder

1992 • 60 citations

An in vitro 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the temporoparietal cortex of Alzheimer brains

1995 • 59 citations

Brain lithium concentrations in bipolar disorder patients: preliminary 7Li magnetic resonance studies at 3 T

2001 • 59 citations

Variability of brain lithium levels during maintenance treatment: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

1995 • 57 citations

Brain Kinetics of Paroxetine and Fluoxetine on the Third Day of Placebo Substitution: A Fluorine MRS Study

2000 • 54 citations

Neurochemical adaptation to cocaine abuse: reduction of N-acetyl aspartate in thalamus of human cocaine abusers

1999 • 53 citations

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Patients With Deficit Schizophrenia: Preliminary Report

2000 • 53 citations

Brain lithium measurements with 7Li magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS): a literature review

2000 • 51 citations

19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation in vivo of acute and steady-state brain fluvoxamine levels in obsessive-compulsive disorder

1997 • 50 citations

GABA and mood disorders

2003 • 48 citations

Comparison of k‐space sampling schemes for multidimensional MR spectroscopic imaging

1996 • 48 citations

In Vivo Effects of Adenosine A₁ Receptor Agonist and Antagonist on Neuronal and Astrocytic Intermediary Metabolism Studied with Ex Vivo ¹³C NMR Spectroscopy

2000 • 47 citations

Imaging as a tool in exploring the neurodevelopment and genetics of schizophrenia

1996 • 43 citations

Changes in the 31P-NMR spectra of cats receiving lithium chloride systemically

1986 • 42 citations

Brain metabolic alterations in Cushing's syndrome as monitored by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1999 • 40 citations

Fluoxetine and trifluoperazine in human brain: A 19F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

1992 • 40 citations

Haloperidol Improves Membrane Phospholipid Abnormalities in Temporal Lobes of Schizophrenic Patients

1999 • 38 citations

Alteration of brain phospholipid metabolites in cocaine-dependent polysubstance abusers

1993 • 38 citations

In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of alcohol in human brain

1990 • 37 citations

Brain N-acetyl aspartate concentrations measured by 1H MRS are reduced in adult male rats subjected to perinatal stress: preliminary observations and hypothetical implications for neurodevelopmental disorders

1999 • 37 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of lenticular nuclei in obsessive–compulsive disorder

1999 • 37 citations

1H-Spectroscopy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence for neuronal loss in the cingulate gyrus and the striatum

1997 • 36 citations

Regional Metabolic Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: An in vitro 1H NMR Study of the Hippocampus and Cerebellum

1997 • 36 citations

Cerebral phosphorus metabolite abnormalities in opiate-dependent polydrug abusers in methadone maintenance

1999 • 35 citations

Basal ganglia phosphorous metabolism in chronic schizophrenia

1995 • 34 citations

Subtype-associated metabolite differences in the temporal lobe in schizophrenia detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1999 • 32 citations

Applications of 7Li NMR in biomedicine

2000 • 32 citations

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Schizophrenia: What have we Learnt?

2000 • 32 citations

High-energy phosphate metabolism in the frontal lobes of patients with panic disorder detected by phase-encoded 31P-MRS

1996 • 32 citations

Chemical mapping of anxiety in the brain of healthy humans: An in vivo1H-MRS study on the effects of sex, age, and brain region

2000 • 31 citations

Brain alcohol detectability increase with repeated administration in humans: A proton spectroscopy study

1996 • 28 citations

Effects of lithium and amphetamine on inositol metabolism in the human brain as measured by 1H and 31P MRS

1999 • 26 citations

31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

1996 • 26 citations

Measurement of human brain dexfenfluramine concentration by 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1999 • 25 citations

Comparison of fMRI and PEPSI during language processing in children

2001 • 25 citations

Chronic Neuropsychological sequelae in a case of severe lithium intoxication.

1998 • 21 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of lenticular nuclei in simple schizophrenia

2000 • 21 citations

The role of a transmembrane pH gradient in uptake and release of imipramine and haloperidol in synaptosomes.

1988 • 20 citations

[Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in schizophrenia].

2000 • 19 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human basal ganglia: response to cocaine administration

2000 • 19 citations

Heritability Heightens Brain Metabolite Differences in Schizophrenia

2000 • 18 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the cerebellum in men with schizophrenia.

2000 • 17 citations

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain in epilepsy

2000 • 17 citations

Quantitation of dexfenflurainine/d‐norfenfluramine concentration in primate brain using ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy

1998 • 14 citations

Magnetization transfer of fluoxetine in the human brain using fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2001 • 14 citations

Effect of acute and chronic hyponatremia on blood‐brain barrier function in the rat

1993 • 13 citations

Frontal lobe membrane phospholipid metabolism and ventricle to brain ratio in schizophrenia: preliminary 31 P-MRS and CT studies

2000 • 13 citations

Erythrocyte choline concentration in bipolar disorder: A predictor of clinical course and medication response

1991 • 10 citations

In vivo 7Li NMR diffusion studies in rat brain

1994 • 8 citations

[Diagnosis of brain tumor with proton MR spectroscopy--the quantification of gliomas compared with normal brain].

2000 • 3 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and schizophrenia

1998 • 2 citations