To scale or not to scale: the principles of dose extrapolation

The Fractal Geometry of Nature

1983 • 22,064 citations

The Fractal Geometry of Nature.

1984 • 15,007 citations

TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY

2004 • 6,954 citations

Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited

2007 • 5,463 citations

A General Model for the Origin of Allometric Scaling Laws in Biology

1997 • 4,649 citations

Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet

2006 • 4,102 citations

Resveratrol Improves Mitochondrial Function and Protects against Metabolic Disease by Activating SIRT1 and PGC-1α

2006 • 3,767 citations

Bioenergetics and Growth.

1946 • 3,395 citations

Size, Function, and Life History

1984 • 2,916 citations

P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers and nomenclature

1996 • 2,895 citations

Scaling, why is animal size so important?

1984 • 2,693 citations

Scaling

1984 • 2,475 citations

Bioenergetics and Growth

1946 • 2,397 citations

Developmental Pharmacology — Drug Disposition, Action, and Therapy in Infants and Children

2003 • 2,148 citations

Problems of Relative Growth.

1994 • 2,148 citations

Body size and metabolism

1932 • 2,118 citations

The Problems of Relative Growth

1932 • 1,813 citations

Cytochrome P450 and Chemical Toxicology

2007 • 1,517 citations

Multidrug resistance proteins: role of P-glycoprotein, MRP1, MRP2, and BCRP (ABCG2) in tissue defense

2004 • 1,329 citations

The origin of allometric scaling laws in biology from genomes to ecosystems: towards a quantitative unifying theory of biological structure and organization

2005 • 760 citations

Uncoupled and surviving: individual mice with high metabolism have greater mitochondrial uncoupling and live longer

2004 • 748 citations

Interspecies scaling, allometry, physiological time, and the ground plan of pharmacokinetics

1982 • 629 citations

Prediction of Pharmacokinetics Prior to In Vivo Studies. 1. Mechanism‐Based Prediction of Volume of Distribution

2002 • 527 citations

Quantitative Relations in the Physiological Constitutions of Mammals

1949 • 497 citations

Prediction of the Clearance of Eleven Drugs and Associated Variability in Neonates, Infants and Children

2006 • 487 citations

COMMENTARY ON BROWN ET AL.'S “TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY”

2004 • 478 citations

Effect of age and gender on the activity of human hepatic CYP3A

1992 • 425 citations

Structure-function relationships in the sodium-potassium ATPase .alpha. subunit: site-directed mutagenesis of glutamine-111 to arginine and asparagine-122 to aspartic acid generates a ouabain-resistant enzyme

1988 • 403 citations

Dimensions of Animals and their Muscular Dynamics

1949 • 384 citations

A Novel Strategy for Physiologically Based Predictions of Human Pharmacokinetics

2006 • 330 citations

Molecular aspects of hepatobiliary transport

1997 • 304 citations

Species differences in the structure and function of the immune system

2003 • 302 citations

Pharmacokinetic aspects of biotechnology products

2004 • 294 citations

Prediction of Pharmacokinetics Prior to In Vivo Studies. II. Generic Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models of Drug Disposition

2002 • 282 citations

Expression profiles of 50 xenobiotic transporter genes in humans and pre-clinical species: A resource for investigations into drug disposition

2006 • 264 citations

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Changes in the Elderly

1998 • 259 citations

Prediction of drug disposition in infants and children by means of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling: theophylline and midazolam as model drugs

2004 • 233 citations

Modeling Interindividual Variation in Physiological Factors Used in PBPK Models of Humans

2003 • 223 citations

Development of a Physiology-Based Whole-Body Population Model for Assessing the Influence of Individual Variability on the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs

2007 • 223 citations

Use of allometry in predicting anatomical and physiological parameters of mammals

2002 • 220 citations

Interspecies correlation of plasma concentration history of methotrexate (NSC-740).

1970 • 185 citations

Metabolic scaling: consensus or controversy?

2004 • 180 citations

Integration of in Vitro Data into Allometric Scaling to Predict Hepatic Metabolic Clearance in Man: Application to 10 Extensively Metabolized Drugs

1997 • 177 citations

Applications and limitations of interspecies scaling and in vitro extrapolation in pharmacokinetics.

1998 • 173 citations

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling of Caffeine and Theophylline in Neonates and Adults: Implications for Assessing Children's Risks from Environmental Agents

2004 • 160 citations

Improving Pediatric Dosing Through Pediatric Initiatives: What We Have Learned

2008 • 157 citations

TESTING THE METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY: ALLOMETRIC SCALING EXPONENTS IN MAMMALS

2007 • 157 citations

Application of allometric principles for the prediction of pharmacokinetics in human and veterinary drug development☆☆☆

2007 • 155 citations

Species Difference in the Inhibitory Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on the Uptake of Methotrexate by Human Kidney Slices

2007 • 154 citations

The problems in scaling adult drug doses to children

2007 • 154 citations

Whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models: their use in clinical drug development

2008 • 149 citations

PXR and CAR: Nuclear Receptors which Play a Pivotal Role in Drug Disposition and Chemical Toxicity

2006 • 146 citations

Evaluation of a Generic Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Lineshape Analysis

2008 • 135 citations

A NOVEL MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF HUMAN DRUG CLEARANCE BY ALLOMETRIC SCALING

2005 • 127 citations

Interspecies allometric meta‐analysis of the comparative pharmacokinetics of 85 drugs across veterinary and laboratory animal species

2014 • 125 citations

Estimating the starting dose for entry into humans: principles and practice

2002 • 123 citations

The development of drug metabolising enzymes and their influence on the susceptibility to adverse drug reactions in children

2003 • 120 citations

Prediction of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Hepatic Drug Clearance in Neonates, Infants and Children

2006 • 118 citations

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration in drug development and dosage-regimen optimization for veterinary medicine

2002 • 112 citations

Scaling of Physiological Processes in Homeothermic Animals

1981 • 110 citations

Interspecies allometric analysis of the comparative pharmacokinetics of 44 drugs across veterinary and laboratory animal species

1997 • 109 citations

The Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronosyltransferase Multigene Family: Function and Regulation

1994 • 108 citations

Interspecies Scaling: Predicting Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Antiepileptic Drugs in Humans from Animals with Special Emphasis on Clearance

1996 • 104 citations

Calculation of drug dosage and body surface area of children

1997 • 101 citations

Rates of dissociation of enzyme-ouabain complexes and K0.5 values in (Na+ + K+) adenosine triphosphatase from different species

1972 • 99 citations

Species differences in biotransformation and excretion of salicylate.

1972 • 97 citations

Effect of metoprolol and ivabradine on left ventricular remodelling and Ca2+ handling in the post-infarction rat heart

2008 • 92 citations

Population-Based Analysis of Methadone Distribution and Metabolism Using an Age-Dependent Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model

2006 • 88 citations

Modelling approaches to dose estimation in children

2005 • 87 citations

Scaling of renal functions in mammals

1975 • 83 citations

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Its Effects on a Male Asiatic Elephant

1962 • 83 citations

Drug development and use in the elderly: search for the right dose and dosing regimen

2004 • 83 citations

Deriving a Data-Based Interspecies Assessment Factor Using the NOAEL and the Benchmark Dose Approach

2007 • 82 citations

On the anticipation of the human dose in first-in-man trials from preclinical and prior clinical information in early drug development

2007 • 80 citations

Species differences in the transport activity for organic anions across the bile canalicular membrane.

1999 • 78 citations

Prediction of Human Clearance from Animal Data and Molecular Structural Parameters using Multivariate Regression Analysis

2002 • 71 citations

Metoprolol improves cardiac function and modulates cardiac metabolism in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat

2008 • 70 citations

Implications of Species Difference for Clinical Investigation

2000 • 67 citations

Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity Testing

1984 • 64 citations

Allometric pharmacokinetic scaling: towards the prediction of human oral pharmacokinetics.

2000 • 62 citations

Glucuronidation of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine: Human and rat enzyme specificity

1989 • 51 citations

Identification of Intestinal Loss of a Drug through Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic??Simulation of Plasma??Concentration-Time Profiles

2008 • 49 citations

Predicting Oral Clearance in Humans

2008 • 49 citations

Species-Specific Differences in Positive and Negative Regulatory Elements in the Renin Gene Enhancer

1999 • 47 citations

Critique of Prospective Allometric Scaling: Does the Emperor Have Clothes?

2000 • 41 citations

Early identification of drug-induced impairment of gastric emptying through physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) simulation of plasma concentration-time profiles in rat

2007 • 40 citations

Prospective Allometric Scaling: Does the Emperor Have Clothes?

2000 • 36 citations

Extrapolation of pharmacological and toxicological data based on metabolic weight.

1989 • 34 citations

A MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CORRECTION FACTORS USED IN ALLOMETRY FOR PREDICTING HUMAN DRUG CLEARANCE

2005 • 33 citations

Species differences in myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor regulation in response to hyperthyroidism.

1991 • 32 citations

Influence of body size in animals on health and disease

1983 • 27 citations

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in toxicology

1997 • 23 citations

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase inactivation and 5-fluorouracil pharmacokinetics: allometric scaling of animal data, pharmacokinetics and toxicodynamics of 5-fluorouracil in humans

1996 • 23 citations

Laboratory Animal Endocrinology: Hormonal Action, Control Mechanisms and Interactions with Drugs

1997 • 22 citations

Species variations in binding of 63 NI(II) by serum albumin.

1973 • 21 citations

For the first time in man

1972 • 19 citations

Species differences in pharmacodynamics: Some examples

1983 • 8 citations

Data-base derived values for the interspecies extrapolation : a quantitative analysis of historical toxicity data

2001 • 7 citations