The long QT syndromes: A critical review, new clinical observations and a unifying hypothesis

An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms

1920 • 3,889 citations

Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

1982 • 1,670 citations

Congenital deaf-mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of the Q-T interval, and sudden death

1957 • 1,593 citations

Termination of Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias with an Implanted Automatic Defibrillator in Human Beings

1980 • 1,341 citations

Electrophysiology of the Heart.

1960 • 1,295 citations

Approaches to Sudden Death from Coronary Heart Disease

1971 • 1,258 citations

Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken

1920 • 981 citations

Nonuniform Recovery of Excitability in Ventricular Muscle

1964 • 939 citations

The long Q-T syndrome

1975 • 901 citations

Lack of correlation between exercise capacity and indexes of resting left ventricular performance in heart failure

1981 • 899 citations

A NEW FAMILIAL CARDIAC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN.

1964 • 842 citations

A Classification of Antiarrhythmic Actions Reassessed After a Decade of New Drugs

1984 • 808 citations

The long QT syndrome

1997 • 709 citations

Inward current channels activated by intracellular Ca in cultured cardiac cells

1981 • 687 citations

Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. 1. Mechanisms.

1978 • 643 citations

Role of calcium ions in transient inward currents and aftercontractions induced by strophanthidin in cardiac Purkinje fibres.

1978 • 638 citations

Idiopathic long QT syndrome: Progress and questions

1985 • 630 citations

The Measurement of the Q-T Interval of the Electrocardiogram

1952 • 630 citations

Treatment of torsade de pointes with magnesium sulfate.

1988 • 590 citations

Amiodarone

1981 • 577 citations

Quinidine Syncope

1964 • 570 citations

Electrophysiology of the heart

1961 • 549 citations

FAT-EMBOLISM SYNDROME

1972 • 526 citations

Electrical alternation of the T-wave: Clinical and experimental evidence of its relationship with the sympathetic nervous system and with the long Q-T syndrome

1975 • 524 citations

Functional Distribution of Right and Left Stellate Innervation to the Ventricles

1966 • 523 citations

Electrical Signs of Nervous Activity

1937 • 518 citations

Incidence and clinical features of the quinidine-associated long QT syndrome: Implications for patient care

1986 • 489 citations

Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia. II. The role of nonuniform recovery of excitability in the occurrence of unidirectional block, as studied with multiple microelectrodes.

1976 • 484 citations

Cardiac resting and action potentials recorded with an intracellular electrode

1951 • 474 citations

Action potentials, afterpotentials, and arrhythmias.

1977 • 474 citations

The steady state TTX-sensitive (?window?) sodium current in cardiac Purkinje fibres

1979 • 468 citations

Torsade de pointes: The long-short initiating sequence and other clinical features: observations in 32 patients

1983 • 466 citations

The long QT syndrome: a prospective international study.

1985 • 465 citations

The surprising heart: a review of recent progress in cardiac electrophysiology.

1984 • 429 citations

Unilateral Cervicothoracic Sympathetic Ganglionectomy for the Treatment of Long QT Interval Syndrome

1971 • 427 citations

A Cellular Mechanism for the Generation of Ventricular Arrhythmias by Acetylstrophanthidin

1973 • 393 citations

Temporal dispersion of recovery of excitability in atrium and ventricle as a function of heart rate

1966 • 393 citations

A New Electrocardiographic Pattern Observed in Cerebrovascular Accidents

1954 • 390 citations

A third class of anti‐arrhythmic action. Effects on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials, and other pharmacological actions on cardiac muscle, of MJ 1999 and AH 3474

1970 • 385 citations

Adrenergic Effects on Ventricular Vulnerability

1964 • 384 citations

Basis for Recurring Ventricular Fibrillation in the Absence of Coronary Heart Disease and Its Management

1976 • 371 citations

A Demonstration on Man of Electromotive Changes accompanying the Heart's Beat

1887 • 369 citations

Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs

1975 • 353 citations

Monophasic action potential mapping in human subjects with normal electrocardiograms: direct evidence for the genesis of the T wave.

1987 • 352 citations

Torsade De Pointes, an atypical ventricular tachycardia.

1976 • 351 citations

Action potential prolongation and induction of abnormal automaticity by low quinidine concentrations in canine Purkinje fibers. Relationship to potassium and cycle length.

1985 • 341 citations

Electrocardiographic Changes Simulating Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction Associated with Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage

1960 • 327 citations

The mechanism and nature of ventricular fibrillation

1940 • 321 citations

Bradycardia-dependent triggered activity: relevance to drug-induced multiform ventricular tachycardia.

1983 • 321 citations

Contraction-excitation feedback in myocardium. Physiological basis and clinical relevance.

1982 • 304 citations

The syndrome associated with midsystolic click and late systolic murmur

1966 • 302 citations

Anorexia Nervosa and Sudden Death

1985 • 299 citations

Influence of heart rate and inhibition of autonomic tone on the QT interval.

1982 • 294 citations

Flecainide: Its proarrhythmic effect and expected changes on the surface electrocardiogram

1984 • 279 citations

Effect of lidocaine on the electrophysiological properties of ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers

1970 • 269 citations

Effects of pacing on triggered activity induced by early afterdepolarizations.

1984 • 255 citations

Natural and evoked atrial flutter due to circus movement in dogs

1980 • 253 citations

"Les Torsades de Pointes": An Unusual Ventricular Arrhythmia

1980 • 252 citations

Comparison of cardiac monophasic action potentials recorded by intracellular and suction electrodes

1959 • 247 citations

Electrophysiological and Beta-Receptor Blocking Effects of MJ 1999 on Dog and Rabbit Cardiac Tissue

1970 • 245 citations

Electrocardiographic changes and cardiac arrhythmias in patients receiving psychotropic drugs

1976 • 244 citations

Catecholamine-induced severe ventricular arrhythmias with Adams-Stokes syndrome in children : report of four cases

1978 • 243 citations

Cardiac Purkinje fibers: Cesium as a tool to block inward rectifying potassium currents

1976 • 241 citations

Effect of tetrodotoxin on action potentials of the conducting system in the dog heart

1979 • 241 citations

Etiology, warning signs and therapy of torsade de pointes. A study of 10 patients.

1981 • 240 citations

Sudden death recorded during Holter monitoring.

1982 • 238 citations

Mechanism of S-T Segment Alteration During Acute Myocardial Injury

1960 • 236 citations

Long QT: Good, bad or indifferent?

1984 • 232 citations

Sudden, unexpected death in avid dieters using the liquid-protein-modified-fast diet. Observations in 17 patients and the role of the prolonged QT interval.

1979 • 229 citations

Magnesium therapy for torsades de pointes

1984 • 220 citations

Arrhythmias in patients with mitral valve prolapse.

1975 • 216 citations

Malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias associated with the use of encainide

1981 • 215 citations

Block of inactivated sodium channels and of depolarization-induced automaticity in guinea pig papillary muscle by amiodarone.

1984 • 213 citations

Ventricular intramural and epicardial potential distributions during ventricular activation and repolarization in the intact dog.

1975 • 213 citations

Cardiac sympathetic innervation and the sudden infant death syndrome

1976 • 210 citations

Neural mechanisms in cardiac arrhythmias.

1977 • 208 citations

Adrenergic effects on the QT interval of the electrocardiogram

1976 • 207 citations

Cesium chloride-induced long QT syndrome: demonstration of afterdepolarizations and triggered activity in vivo.

1985 • 206 citations

Q-T prolongation and polymorphous (“torsade de pointes”) ventricular arrhythmias associated with organophosphorus insecticide poisoning

1982 • 206 citations

Torsade de pointes due to quinidine: Observations in 31 patients

1984 • 205 citations

Mechanically induced action potential changes and arrhythmia in isolated and in situ canine hearts

1989 • 197 citations

Electrophysiological Properties of the Canine Peripheral A-V Conducting System

1970 • 188 citations

CONGENITAL DEAFNESS ASSOCIATED WITH ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES, FAINTING ATTACKS AND SUDDEN DEATH<subtitle>A Recessive Syndrome<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref></subtitle>

1964 • 186 citations

Role of electrophysiologic testing in managing patients who have ventricular tachycardia unrelated to coronary artery disease

1982 • 177 citations

Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia: clinical characterization, therapy, and the QT interval.

1986 • 170 citations

Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias IX. Cardiac electrophysiologic effects of beta adrenergic receptor stimulation and blockade. Part A

1975 • 170 citations

Paroxysmal Ventricular Fibrillation in Two Patients with Hypomagnesemia

1968 • 169 citations

Ventricular Fibrillation Occurring on Arousal from Sleep by Auditory Stimuli

1972 • 166 citations

Effects of diphenylhydantoin on synaptic transmission in cat spinal cord and stellate ganglion.

1957 • 162 citations

Permanent cardiac pacing in patients with the long QT syndrome

1987 • 160 citations

Correlation between Effects of Ouabain on the Canine Electrocardiogram and Transmembrane Potentials of Isolated Purkinje Fibers

1973 • 160 citations

An exponential formula for heart rate dependence of QT interval during exercise and cardiac pacing in humans: Reevaluation of Bazett's formula

1984 • 160 citations

The sequence of normal ventricular recovery

1972 • 158 citations

Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia: Clinical features and treatment

1979 • 151 citations

Sotalol, hypokalaemia, syncope, and torsade de pointes.

1984 • 151 citations

Electrophysiologic testing in patients with the long QT syndrome.

1985 • 150 citations

The Idiopathic Long QT Syndrome: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapy

1985 • 146 citations

Effect of stellectomy and vagotomy on ventricular refractoriness in dogs.

1977 • 145 citations

Effects of unilateral stellectomy upon cardiac performance during exercise in dogs.

1979 • 145 citations

The QT interval throughout the first 6 months of life: a prospective study.

1982 • 145 citations

Drug conversion of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia to sustained ventricular tachycardia during serial electrophysiologic studies: Identification of drugs that exacerbate tachycardia and potential mechanisms

1982 • 143 citations

Mitral valve prolapse

1977 • 142 citations

Quinidine-induced ventricular flutter and fibrillation without digitalis therapy

1976 • 142 citations

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN SUBARACHNOID HAeMORRHAGE, MENINGITIS, AND INTRACRANIAL SPACE-OCCUPYING LESIONS

1964 • 140 citations

Congenital deafness and cardiac arrhythmias

1967 • 139 citations

Autonomic dysfunction in women with mitral valve prolapse syndrome.

1979 • 137 citations

Torsades de pointes associated with drugs and toxins: Recognition and management

1987 • 137 citations

Recording of monophasic action potentials of the right ventricle in long QT syndromes complicated by severe ventricular arrhythmias

1983 • 137 citations

The conduction of the cardiac impulse : the slow response and cardiac arrhythmias

1975 • 135 citations

Delayed repolarization (QT or QTU prolongation) and malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

1982 • 134 citations

Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia associated with normal and long Q-T intervals

1982 • 133 citations

Torsades de pointes: electrophysiologic studies in patients without transient pharmacologic or metabolic abnormalities.

1981 • 133 citations

THE INITIATION OF IMPULSES IN CARDIAC MUSCLE

1943 • 133 citations

CONGENITAL CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA

1964 • 133 citations

Preeminence of the left stellate ganglion in the long Q-T syndrome.

1979 • 133 citations

Potential role of QT interval prolongation in sudden infant death syndrome.

1976 • 133 citations

Genetical aspects of the cardio‐auditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange‐Nielsen (congenital deafness and electrocardiographic abnormalities)

1964 • 130 citations

Atypical ventricular tachycardia as a manifestation of disopyramide toxicity

1978 • 128 citations

The transition to ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion after acute ischemia in the dog: a period of organized epicardial activation.

1981 • 127 citations

Amiodarone-induced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia

1983 • 127 citations

Control of cardiac arrhythmias by selective lengthening of repolarization: Theoretic considerations and clinical observations

1985 • 126 citations

Dysautonomia in mitral valve prolapse

1979 • 126 citations

Electrocardiographic Changes in Head Injuries

1961 • 126 citations

Quinidine syncope and the delayed repolarization syndromes.

1976 • 125 citations

Congenital Deaf-Mutism, Prolonged QT Interval, Syncopal Attacks and Sudden Death

1958 • 122 citations

Heritable Q-T Prolongation Without Deafness

1970 • 122 citations

On the Time‐Relations of the Excitatory Process in the Ventricle of the Heart of the Frog

1880 • 122 citations

Mechanism of Ventricular Arrhythmias Caused by Increased Dispersion of Repolarization

1985 • 121 citations

Amiodarone blocks inactivated cardiac sodium channels

1983 • 120 citations

Electrical Signs of Nervous Activity

1937 • 120 citations

Effect of intravenous propranolol on QT interval. A new method of assessment.

1980 • 120 citations

Procainamide-lnduced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia

1981 • 119 citations

Q-T interval syndromes

1974 • 119 citations

THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM OF THE STOKES-ADAMS ATTACK

1941 • 117 citations

Prolonged Q-T interval and severe tachyarrhythmias, common features of sotalol intoxication

1981 • 115 citations

Rate-dependent changes in extracellular potassium in the rabbit atrium.

1977 • 114 citations

Clinical, electrocardiographic and follow-up observations in patients having ventricular fibrillation during holter monitoring

1981 • 112 citations

Disopyramide-induced ventricular fibrillation

1979 • 112 citations

Management of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias associated with Q-T prolongation

1981 • 111 citations

QT Interval Prolongation in Acute Myocardial Infarction

1985 • 111 citations

Membrane Resting and Action Potentials of Single Cardiac Muscle Fibers of the Frog Ventricle

1951 • 110 citations

De subitaneis mortibus. XXX. Observations on the pathophysiology of the long QT syndromes with special reference to the neuropathology of the heart.

1978 • 110 citations

Proarrhythmic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs

1987 • 110 citations

Electrocardiographic abnormalities in cerebral disorders. Report of six cases and review of the literature

1962 • 109 citations

Effect of Changes in Cycle Length on Diastolic Depolarization Produced by Ouabain in Canine Purkinje Fibers

1973 • 109 citations

Effect of high K, low K, and quinidine on QRS duration and ventricular action potential

1962 • 108 citations

Thioridazine (Mellaril®)-induced Ventricular Tachycardia Controlled with an Artificial Pacemaker

1966 • 108 citations

Durations of Transmembrane Action Potentials and Functional Refractory Periods of Canine False Tendon and Ventricular Myocardium:

1965 • 107 citations

Right ventricular monophasic action potentials in patients with long QT syndrome.

1978 • 106 citations

Purkinje repolarization as a possible cause of the U wave in the electrocardiogram.

1975 • 103 citations

Inheritance of cancer in animals.

1948 • 102 citations

Sotalol-induced delayed ventricular repolarization in man

1980 • 101 citations

Liquid Protein Diets and Torsade de Pointes

1978 • 100 citations

Ventricular arrhythmias in syndrome of balloon deformity of mitral valve. Definition of possible high risk group.

1976 • 99 citations

Torsade de pointes during administration of pentamidine isethionate

1987 • 98 citations

Torsade de Pointes and Other Pause‐Induced Ventricular Tachycardias: The Short‐Long‐Short Sequence and Early Afterdepolarizations

1988 • 97 citations

Cellular and Subcellular Mechanisms of Cardiac Pacemaker Oscillations

1979 • 96 citations

Thioridazine-Induced Torsade de Pointes

1983 • 96 citations

QT-Interval Prolongation, Paroxysmal Ventricular Arrhythmias, and Convulsive Syncope

1971 • 96 citations

THE MANAGEMENT OF HEART BLOCK

1965 • 94 citations

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Sudden Death in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

1975 • 94 citations

Antiarrhythmic efficacy of encainide in patients with refractory recurrent ventricular tachycardia.

1981 • 93 citations

The effect of aconitine on the membrane current in cardiac muscle

1967 • 93 citations

The Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse: The Slow Response and Cardiac Arrhythmias

1975 • 93 citations

Right ventricular monophasic action potential in patients with signs of digitalis overdosage

1975 • 93 citations

Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in the Long QT Syndromes

1984 • 93 citations

Long-term results of DC reversion of atrial fibrillation.

1968 • 91 citations

Can accelerated atrioventricular junctional escape rhythms be explained by delayed afterdepolarizations?

1980 • 90 citations

Epicardial phenol interrupts refractory period responses to sympathetic but not vagal stimulation in canine left ventricular epicardium and endocardium.

1980 • 90 citations

Electrophysiology of oral encainide

1982 • 89 citations

Arrhythmias on exercise in patients with abnormalities of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve

1972 • 89 citations

Sequence of repolarization on the ventricular surface in the dog

1975 • 89 citations

Afterdepolarizations as a mechanism for the long QT syndrome: Electrophysiologic studies of a case

1984 • 89 citations

The surdo-cardiac syndrome

1966 • 88 citations

Torsade de pointe

1984 • 87 citations

Clinical electrophysiologic effects of tocainide.

1978 • 87 citations

Quinidine as a Cause of Sudden Death

1956 • 87 citations

THE NORMAL DURATION OF THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC VENTRICULAR COMPLEX

1936 • 87 citations

The QT interval during reflex cardiovascular adaptation.

1984 • 87 citations

Quinidine Therapy of Chronic Auricular Fibrillation

1963 • 86 citations

EFFECTS OF ACONITINE ON THE CARDIAC MEMBRANE POTENTIAL OF THE DOG

1959 • 86 citations

QT prolongation and torsades de pointes after administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

1987 • 83 citations

Ambulatory electrocardiography and the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of chronic ventricular arrhythmias

1980 • 82 citations

Hypomagnesemic torsades de pointes

1983 • 82 citations

Proarrhythmic effects of the new antiarrhythmic agent flecainide acetate

1984 • 82 citations

The quest for the mechanisms of the sudden infant death syndrome: doubts and progress.

1987 • 82 citations

Clinical and Pathologic Studies in the Hereditary Syndrome of a Long QT Interval, Syncopal Spells and Sudden Death

1970 • 81 citations

Amiodarone-induced ventricular fibrillation.

1980 • 81 citations

Electrophysiologic properties of a new antiarrhythmic drug—Tocainide

1978 • 80 citations

Efficacy of left cardiac sympathectomy in the treatment of patients with the long QT syndrome.

1984 • 80 citations

Cardiac Ganglionitis Associated with Sudden Unexpected Death

1979 • 79 citations

Monophasic Action Potentials in Man

1968 • 78 citations

Measurement of the QT Interval

1985 • 77 citations

Mitral-Valve Prolapse Syndrome and Recurrent Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias

1978 • 77 citations

Cardiac arrhythmias in acute central nervous system disease. Successful management with stellate ganglion block.

1976 • 76 citations

Experimental study on the intramural distribution of the excitability cycle and on the form of the epicardial T wave in the dog heart in situ

1961 • 76 citations

A CLINICAL REPORT ON THE USE OF QUINIDIN SULPHATE

1923 • 73 citations

Recurrent ventricular tachycardia associated with QT prolongation after mitral valve replacement and its association with intravenous administration of erythromycin

1984 • 71 citations

Transient ventricular fibrillation

1949 • 71 citations

Q-T Prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias, with and without deafness, in the same family

1972 • 70 citations

The QT interval: a predictor of the plasma and myocardial concentrations of amiodarone.

1984 • 70 citations

The Ventricular Paced QT Interval—The Effects of Rate and Exercise

1982 • 70 citations

Dose‐ranging trial of N‐acetylprocainamide in patients with premature ventricular contractions

1977 • 70 citations

Autonomic modulation of ventricular arrhythmia in cesium chloride-induced long QT syndrome.

1988 • 69 citations

Q-T prolongation and torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia produced by the tetracyclic antidepressant agent maprotiline

1983 • 69 citations

Adams-Stokes syndrome

1961 • 69 citations

Disopyramide-Induced Torsade de Pointes

1981 • 69 citations

GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN AND IRON-DEFICIENCY

1980 • 69 citations

Safety evaluation of tocainide in the American emergency use program

1980 • 68 citations

Overdrive Pacing in Quinidine Syncope and Other Long QT-Interval Syndromes

1980 • 68 citations

Cumulative effects of cycle length on refractory periods of cardiac tissues

1969 • 67 citations

Flecainide-induced QT prolongation and ventricular tachycardia

1982 • 67 citations

Effects of tocainide and lidocaine on the transmembrane action potentials as related to external potassium and calcium concentrations in guinea-pig papillary muscles

1980 • 66 citations

Torsades de pointes as a manifestation of mexiletine toxicity

1980 • 66 citations

The surdo-cardiac syndrome and therapeutic observations

1970 • 64 citations

Effect of erythromycin on ventricular arrhythmias and ventricular repolarization in idiopathic long QT syndrome

1987 • 64 citations

QUINIDINE TREATMENT OF AURICULAR FIBRILLATION

1951 • 64 citations

A mechanism of torsades de pointes in a canine model.

1983 • 62 citations

Hypomagnesemia and Ventricular Tachycardia

1982 • 62 citations

Sotalol intoxication with prolonged Q-T interval and severe tachyarrhythmias.

1979 • 62 citations

Nine cases of torsade de pointes with bepridil administration

1986 • 61 citations

Tocainide for drug-resistant ventricular arrhythmias: Efficacy, side effects, and lidocaine responsiveness for predicting tocainide success

1980 • 61 citations

Versuche mit Aconitin zum Problem der spontanen Erregungsbildung im Herzen

1960 • 60 citations

Abnormality of the U Wave and of the T-U Segment of the Electrocardiogram

1956 • 60 citations

The His-Purkinje electrocardiogram in man: an initial assessment of its uses and limitations.

1976 • 59 citations

Acidosis-induced abnormal repolarization and repetitive activity in isolated dog Purkinje fibers.

1980 • 59 citations

Cardiac Arrhythmias in Acute Central Nervous System Disease

1976 • 59 citations

Isolated T wave alternans

1978 • 58 citations

N-Acetyl procainamide causing torsades de pointes

1982 • 58 citations

“Torsade de pointes” initiated by electrical ventricular stimulation

1976 • 56 citations

Sudden death in phenothiazine therapy

1970 • 56 citations

Life-Threatening Arrhythmias in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

1973 • 55 citations

Torsade de Pointe Atypical Ventricular Tachycardia Complicating Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

1980 • 55 citations

Atypical Ventricular Tachycardia (Torsade de Pointes) Induced by Amiodarone

1982 • 55 citations

The interpretation of the U wave of the electrocardiogram

1939 • 54 citations

Torsades de pointes versus polymorphous ventricular tachycardia

1983 • 54 citations

Sotalol-induced torsade de pointes

1981 • 54 citations

The U wave of the electrocardiogram.

1969 • 53 citations

Calcium and the electrocardiogram

1961 • 52 citations

Autonomic maneuvers in hereditary Q-T interval prolongation (Romano-Ward syndrome)

1978 • 51 citations

Torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia a complication of disopyramide shared with quinidine

1981 • 51 citations

Über die Deutung des Elektrokardiogramms

1912 • 50 citations

Observations on the electrocardiographic changes associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage with special reference to their genesis

1975 • 50 citations

Sotalol-induced torsade de pointes

1984 • 50 citations

Usefulness of the Valsalva maneuver in management of the long QT syndrome.

1981 • 50 citations

The action of quinine and quinidine on patients with transient ventricular fibrillation

1934 • 49 citations

Possible Mechanisms of the Arrhythmias in the Long QT Syndrome

1985 • 48 citations

Sudden Unexpected Death in Three Generations

1969 • 48 citations

Torsades de pointes: definition and management.

1982 • 48 citations

Hereditary prolongation of the Q-T interval

1976 • 48 citations

The QT Interval in Aborted Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Infants

1979 • 48 citations

Amiodarone-induced torsades de pointes

1986 • 47 citations

Analysis of QT Interval in Patients with Idiopathic Mitral Valve Prolapse

1982 • 47 citations

Open clinical studies at a referral center: Chronic maintenance tocainide therapy in patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia refractory to conventional antiarrhythmic agents

1980 • 46 citations

QT interval measurements before sudden infant death syndrome.

1986 • 46 citations

Syncope and Q-T prolongation without deafness: The Romano-Ward syndrome

1970 • 45 citations

Unusual T-wave abnormality. Repolarization alternans associated with hypomagnesemia, acute alcoholism, and cardiomyopathy

1969 • 45 citations

VI. Genesis of the U Wave

1957 • 45 citations

RIGHT VENTRICULAR MONOPHASIC ACTION POTENTIALS DURING REGULAR RHYTHM

1972 • 45 citations

Torsade de Pointes and Marked QT Prolongation in Association with Hypothyroidism

1987 • 45 citations

"Torsade de pointes" tachycardia. Re-entry or focal activity?

1982 • 45 citations

Electrical alternans of giant U waves with multiple electrolyte deficits

1984 • 45 citations

Primidone in the Treatment of the Long QT Syndrome: QT Shortening and Ventricular Arrhythmia Suppression

1980 • 44 citations

Observations in patients with implanted pacemaker

1964 • 43 citations

The QT interval in drug-free depressed patients.

1982 • 43 citations

The conduction system in patients with a prolonged QT interval

1985 • 43 citations

The role of the QT interval in the sudden infant death syndrome.

1977 • 43 citations

Hereditary prolongation of QT interval: Study of two families

1970 • 42 citations

Sotalol prolongation of the QTC interval in hypertensive patients

1982 • 41 citations

A case showing electrical alternans of the T wave without change in the QRS complex

1963 • 41 citations

Effects of Mild Chronic Hypoxia on the Pulmonary Circulation in Calves with Reactive Pulmonary Hypertension

1967 • 41 citations

Intracardiac Recording of Monophasic Action Potentials in the Human Heart

1966 • 40 citations

Adams-Stokes Seizures Due to Ventricular Tachydysrhythmias in Patients with Heart Block: Prevalence and Problems of Management

1975 • 40 citations

Paroxysmal familial ventricular fibrillation

1974 • 39 citations

Tocainide-induced ventricular fibrillation

1981 • 39 citations

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE T WAVE IN THE ELECTROGRAM AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

1928 • 38 citations

Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation Associated with Normal QT Intervals

1981 • 38 citations

Ventricular Fibrillo-Flutter ("Torsade De Pointe"): an Established Electrocardiographic and Clinical Entity

1977 • 37 citations

Neural Mechanisms Involved in the Regulation of Ventricular Repolarization

1985 • 37 citations

Amiodarone-lnduced Ventricular Tachycardia

1982 • 37 citations

Transient Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation due to Hypopotassemia with Special Note on the U Wave

1967 • 37 citations

Invasive electrophysiological study in the Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome.

1981 • 37 citations

Incidence of proarrhythmic effects from quinidine in the outpatient treatment of benign or potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias

1985 • 37 citations

The long QT syndrome: Effects of drugs and left stellate ganglion block

1982 • 36 citations

Sequences of early and late phases of repolarization on dog ventricular epicardium

1981 • 36 citations

Adrenergic beta blockade and ECG changes in the systolic click murmur syndrome

1976 • 36 citations

Torsade de Pointes

1980 • 36 citations

Monophasic Action Potential Studies in Human Subjects with Prolonged Ventricular Repolarization and Long QT Syndromes

1985 • 35 citations

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Normal QT Interval on ECGs of Relatives

1977 • 35 citations

Hereditary prolongation of QT interval.

1972 • 35 citations

Torsade de pointes in a patient receiving intravenous vasopressin

1988 • 35 citations

Cardiac ballet: repetitions of complex electrocardiographic patterns.

1969 • 34 citations

Sudden unexpected death in infants. Evidence on a lethal cardiac arrhythmia.

1973 • 33 citations

Recurrent Torsade de Pointes type ventricular tachycardia in intracranial hemorrhage

1984 • 33 citations

Cellular Potentials of Intact Mammalian Hearts

1952 • 33 citations

Quinidine-induced Syncope

1965 • 32 citations

Electrocardiographic changes typical for central nervous system disease after right radical neck dissection

1967 • 32 citations

Delayed Ventricular Repolarization as an Anti-Arrhythmic Principle

1985 • 32 citations

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Prolongation of the QT Interval

1978 • 32 citations

QT prolongation and arrhythmia suppression

1985 • 32 citations

Der monophasische Aktionsstrom von Spitze und Basis des Warmblüterherzens und die Theorie der T-Welle des Ekg

1943 • 32 citations

U Wave Alternans and Increased Ventricular Irritability

1973 • 32 citations

Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation Precipitated by Quinidine

1968 • 31 citations

STUDIES IN THE VARIATION OF THE LENGTH OF THE Q-R-S-T INTERVAL

1922 • 31 citations

An Experimental Study on the Origin of T-Waves Based on Determinations of Effective Refractory Period from Epicardial and Endocardial Aspects of the Ventricle

1959 • 31 citations

“Good, bad, or indifferent.”

1890 • 30 citations

The U wave and aberrant intraventricular conduction

1978 • 29 citations

Transmembranal Potentials from the Human Heart

1957 • 29 citations

Familial Q-T Prolongation Syndrome

1974 • 28 citations

The QT interval and cycle length: the influence of atropine, hyoscine and exercise.

1983 • 28 citations

Unusual T-Wave Abnormality

1969 • 28 citations

Adrenoceptors in cardiac ventricular muscle and changes in duration of action potential caused by noradrenaline and isoprenaline

1975 • 28 citations

Transient ventricular fibrillation

1950 • 28 citations

QT Prolongation and Torsade de Pointes Ventricular Tachycardia Produced by Ketanserin

1986 • 28 citations

XI. Coupling Intervals of Ventricular Extrasystoles in Relation to the Heart Rate, the U Wave, and the Supernormal Phase of Excitability

1957 • 28 citations

Tachyarrhythmic syncopes in children with structurally normal hearts with and without QT-prolongation in the electrocardiogram

1982 • 28 citations

Estimation of Ventricular Repolarization in Man by Monophasic Action Potential Recording Technique

1985 • 28 citations

The Large Upright T Wave as an Electrocardiographic Manifestation of Intracranial Disease

1968 • 28 citations

Quinidine syncope

1976 • 27 citations

Electrical alternation of T wave without change in QRS complex.

1971 • 27 citations

Regional refractoriness within the ventricular conduction system. An evaluation of the "gate" hypothesis.

1976 • 27 citations

UNEXPECTED COT DEATHS

1966 • 27 citations

Prodromal Ventricular Premature Beats Preceded by a Diastolic Wave

1980 • 27 citations

The cardio-auditory syndrome of Jervell and Lange-Nielson: report of an additional case with radioelectrocardiographic monitoring during exercise.

1966 • 26 citations

The treatment of quinidine-induced ventricular fibrillation by closed-chest resuscitation and external defibrillation

1962 • 26 citations

The QT interval and sudden infant death syndrome.

1982 • 26 citations

Permanent overdrive pacing for the suppression of recurrent ventricular tachycardia in a newborn with long QT syndrome

1980 • 26 citations

THE RELATION OF THE Q-T INTERVAL TO THE REFRACTORY PERIOD, THE DIASTOLIC INTERVAL, THE DURATION OF CONTRACTION AND THE RATE OF BEATING IN HEART MUSCLE

1941 • 25 citations

Experimental reproduction of the long Q-T syndrome

1978 • 25 citations

Usefulness of Valsalva manoeuvre and cold pressor test for evaluation of arrhythmias in long QT syndrome.

1979 • 25 citations

Comparison of the effects of placebo and encainide on programmed electrical stimulation and ventricular arrhythmia frequency

1982 • 24 citations

Aprindine treatment of recurrent ventricular tachycardia in patients with mitral valve prolapse

1979 • 24 citations

Left Stellectomy in the Long QT Syndrome

1978 • 24 citations

Torsade de pointes: An unusual manifestation of chloral hydrate poisoning

1986 • 24 citations

Sudden death in cardiomyopathy: Role of bradycardia-dependent repolarization changes

1980 • 23 citations

Les torsades de pointe

1982 • 23 citations

Transmembrane Potentials of the Normal and Hypothermic Human Heart

1959 • 23 citations

The quinidine treatment of auricular fibrillation

1929 • 23 citations

STUDIES ON TRANSIENT VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION

1936 • 23 citations

T-wave alternans associated with heart failure and hypomagnesemia in alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

1975 • 22 citations

THE CARDIO AUDITORY SYNDROME OF JERVELL AND LANGENIELSON

1966 • 22 citations

SEVERE CITRATE INTOXICATION DURING CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY

1956 • 22 citations

A Study of the Inheritance Pattern of Romano-Ward Syndrome

1982 • 21 citations

Sleep apnea and Q-T interval prolongation—a particularly lethal combination

1979 • 21 citations

CONGENITAL CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA

1964 • 21 citations

Torsades de Pointe

1988 • 21 citations

Quinidine Syncope; Report of a Case Successfully Treated with Lidocaine

1972 • 21 citations

Electrophysiologic antagonism of quinidine and bretylium tosylate

1974 • 20 citations

Ventricular tachycardias (from mechanism to therapy)

1988 • 20 citations

The Heritable Syndrome of Prolonged Q-T Interval, Syncope, and Sudden Death

1976 • 20 citations

Flecainide‐induced aggravation of ventricular tachycardia

1983 • 20 citations

The electrocardiographic abnormality in familial cardiac arrhythmia

1966 • 20 citations

Romano-Ward prolonged QT syndrome with intermittent T wave alternans and atrioventricular block

1981 • 19 citations

Mexiletine for treatment of torsade de pointes

1984 • 19 citations

TORSADE DE POINTES: DEFINITIONS, CAUSATIVE FACTORS, AND THERAPY: EXPERIENCE WITH SIXTEEN PATIENTS

1984 • 19 citations

QTU‐ABNORMALITIES, SINUS BRADYCARDIA AND ADAMS‐STOKES ATTACKS DUE TO VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA

1973 • 19 citations

THE U WAVE AND AFTERPOTENTIALS IN CARDIAC MUSCLE: PANEL DISCUSSION

1957 • 19 citations

Torsade de pointes due to coxsackie B3 myocarditis

1987 • 18 citations

The Q-T interval in myocardial infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy

1953 • 18 citations

Management of Tachyarrhythmias with Dual‐Chamber Pacemakers

1983 • 18 citations

U wave alternans: An electrocardiographic sign of left ventricular failure

1974 • 17 citations

The effect of citrate infusion on the electrocardiogram of the hypothermic and normothermic dog

1961 • 16 citations

Quinidine-Induced Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation

1971 • 16 citations

Prolonged QT interval, atrioventricular block, and torsade de pointes after antiarrhythmic therapy.

1980 • 16 citations

Recurrent ventricular fibrillation precipitated by quinidine

1969 • 16 citations

Gastro-jejunal ulcer

1931 • 15 citations

Ischemic Electrocardiographic Changes After Truncal Vagotomy

1970 • 15 citations

Temporary Control of Ventricular Arrhythmias by Drug-Induced Sinus Tachycardia

1969 • 15 citations

[Syncope through multifocal ventricular tachycardia during treatment with chloroquine. Study of the hisian electrogram and treatment by verapamil].

1974 • 15 citations

Heritable QT prolongation without deafness.

1972 • 15 citations

Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy in Patients on Long-Term Hemodialysis

1978 • 15 citations

Delayed repolarization syndrome

1983 • 14 citations

[QT interval syndrome].

1977 • 14 citations

UNEXPECTED COT DEATHS

1966 • 13 citations

Torsade de pointes caused by disopyramide and hypokalemia.

1982 • 12 citations

QT interval in idiopathic prolapsed mitral valve

1978 • 12 citations

Quinidine intoxication occurring during therapy of auricular arrhythmias.

1953 • 12 citations

Calcium channel blockers that prolong the QT interval

1985 • 12 citations

Electrocardiographic Wave Form and the Nervous System

1970 • 12 citations

Atrioventricular dissociation with prolonged QT interval and syncopal attacks in a 10-year-old boy.

1974 • 12 citations

Congenital Prolongation of Q-T Interval: A Family Study of Three Generations

1982 • 11 citations

Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia due to alpha-blockade

1987 • 10 citations

The Surdo-Cardiac Syndrome

1985 • 10 citations

Sudden marked QT prolongation after intravenous administration of amiodarone

1983 • 9 citations

Effect of exercise on repolarisation abnormalities in patients with asymptomatic QT prolongation

1984 • 8 citations

Afterpotentials as a cause of long QT syndrome? —Electrophysiological studies of a case

1980 • 8 citations

Grenzstrang-Ganglionitis bei erblichem Syndrom der QT-Verlängerung (Romano-Ward-Syndrom): Intrakardiale Aufzeichnung von »Nachpotentialen«

2008 • 7 citations

Familial repolarization myocardiopathy

1969 • 7 citations

Polymorphous Ventricular Tachycardia and Early Afterdepolarizations: Clinical Presentation and Therapeutic Implications

1988 • 7 citations

Advances in Electrocardiography

1972 • 6 citations

Right ventricular monophasic action potential during quinidine induce marked T and U waves abnormalities.

1977 • 6 citations

Concomitant pulsus and U-wave alternans after head trauma

1985 • 6 citations

The U waves in cardiac arrhythmias.

1971 • 5 citations

Pure Monophasic Action Potentials and Their Employment in Studies of Ventricular Surface Negativity

1936 • 5 citations

Observations on the origin of the electrocardiogram: potential variations of single heart muscle fibers in situ.

1950 • 4 citations

Bloc auriculo-ventriculaire et torsades de pointe après surdosage par le sotalol.

1982 • 4 citations

The QT Interval - Estimation, Variability and Effect of Physical Exercise

1985 • 3 citations

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients with Familial Long QT Syndrome (LQTS); Long-Term Results

1985 • 2 citations

[Atrioventricular block and torsade de pointes following sotalol overdose].

1982 • 2 citations

[Guillain-Barré polyradiculoneuritis and segmental colitis. An association to be looked for].

1982 • 2 citations

Idiopathic Long QT (LQT) Syndromes in Norway

1985 • 1 citations

Ventricular Trachycardia and Fibrillation Associated with Normal QT Intervals In a Teenager without Structure Heart Disease

1985 • 1 citations

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients with Familial Long QT Syndrome (LQTS); Long-Term Results

1985 • 1 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations