Hepatic Encephalopathy in Liver Cirrhosis

Validity of the Trail Making Test as an Indicator of Organic Brain Damage

1958 • 7,146 citations

Comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. A double blind controlled trial.

1977 • 638 citations

Comparison of Lactulose and Neomycin in the Treatment of Chronic Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy

1977 • 579 citations

Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy

1997 • 485 citations

Manganese and chronic hepatic encephalopathy

1995 • 436 citations

Effect of acute ammonia intoxication on cerebral metabolism in rats with portacaval shunts.

1977 • 430 citations

THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH IN LIVER DISEASE

1957 • 416 citations

HYPERAMMONÆMIA, PLASMA AMINOACID IMBALANCE, AND BLOOD-BRAIN AMINOACID TRANSPORT: A UNIFIED THEORY OF PORTAL-SYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

1979 • 413 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies on human brain Myo-inositol in hypo-osmolarity and hepatic encephalopathy

1994 • 413 citations

Ammonia: Key factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy

1987 • 397 citations

Manganese in Health and Disease

1958 • 387 citations

The role of plasma amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy.

1975 • 378 citations

Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy: Detection, prevalence, and relationship to nitrogen metabolism

1978 • 323 citations

Therapeutic efficacy ofL-ornithine-L-aspartate infusions in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy: Results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study

1997 • 314 citations

Trailmaking and number-connection tests in the assessment of mental state in portal systemic encephalopathy

1977 • 309 citations

The Hepatic Coma Syndromes and Lactulose

1980 • 302 citations

Parenteral nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy

1989 • 292 citations

Portosystemic Encephalopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: Results of A Prospective Controlled Study

1994 • 276 citations

High prevalence of sleep disturbance in cirrhosis

1998 • 263 citations

Synergism between mercaptans and ammonia or fatty acids in the production of coma: a possible role for mercaptans in the pathogenesis of hepatic coma.

1974 • 263 citations

Neomycin-sorbitol and lactulose in the treatment of acute portal-systemic encephalopathy

1978 • 259 citations

Latent portasystemic encephalopathy

1981 • 253 citations

Comparison of Dietary Protein with an Oral, Branched Chain-Enriched Amino Acid Supplement in Chronic Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

1984 • 246 citations

The first decade of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): state of the art

1998 • 239 citations

Hyperintense globus pallidus on T ₁ ‐weighted MRI in cirrhotic patients is associated with severity of liver failure

1993 • 216 citations

Hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: incidence and risk factors.

1995 • 215 citations

The diagnosis and prevalence of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in apparently healthy, ambulant, non-shunted patients with cirrhosis

1986 • 212 citations

Studies of the Blood Ammonia in Liver Disease

1963 • 192 citations

Sodium benzoate in the treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy: A double-blind randomized trial

1992 • 180 citations

Elevated Brain Concentrations of 1,4-Benzodiazepines in Fulminant Hepatic Failure

1991 • 177 citations

Hepatic Encephalopathy and Cerebral Edema

1986 • 168 citations

TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PORTAL-SYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY WITH LACTULOSE

1966 • 159 citations

Portosystemic Hepatic Encephalopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in Patients With Cirrhosis: Clinical, Laboratory, Psychometric, and Electroencephalographic Investigations

1998 • 156 citations

Objective measurement of hepatic encephalopathy by means of automated EEG analysis

1984 • 147 citations

Branched Chain Amino Acids in the Treatment of Latent Portosystemic Encephalopathy

1985 • 146 citations

Vegetable versus animal protein diet in cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy. A randomized cross‐over comparison

1993 • 146 citations

Acidifying enemas (lactitol and lactose) vs. nonacidifying enemas (tap water) to treat acute portal-systemic encephalopathy: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial

1987 • 142 citations

Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy with metronidazole.

1982 • 142 citations

MR Imaging and¹H Spectroscopy of Brain Metabolites in Hepatic Encephalopathy: Time-Course of Renormalization after Liver Transplantation

2000 • 139 citations

mechanism of the excessive sedative response of cirrhotics to benzodiazepines: Model experiments with triazolam

1987 • 136 citations

Increased blood-brain transfer in a rabbit model of acute liver failure

1983 • 133 citations

TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY BY ALTERATION OF INTESTINAL FLORA WITH LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS

1965 • 131 citations

Double-blind, double-dummy comparison between treatment andwith rifaximin and lactulose in patients with medium to severe patients with medium to severe

1993 • 131 citations

Neuropsychiatric profile and hyperintense globus pallidus on T1- weighted magnetic resonance images in liver cirrhosis

1996 • 130 citations

Flumazenil in cirrhotic patients in hepatic coma: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial

1994 • 128 citations

COULD AN ENDOGENOUS BENZODIAZEPINE LIGAND CONTRIBUTE TO HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY?

1988 • 126 citations

Experimental Hepatic Encephalopathy: Changes in the Binding of γ-Aminobutyric Acid

1982 • 126 citations

Neuropsychological aspects of portal-systemic encephalopathy.

1998 • 125 citations

Flumazenil for hepatic encephalopathy grade III and IVa in patients with cirrhosis: An italian multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study

1998 • 122 citations

Long-term treatment of latent portosystemic encephalopathy with branched-chain amino acids

1993 • 121 citations

Endogenous Benzodiazepine Receptor Ligands in Human and Animal Hepatic Encephalopathy

1990 • 119 citations

Regional Blood‐Brain Barrier Permeability to Amino Acids After Portacaval Anastomosis

1982 • 118 citations

Effect of vegetable and animal protein diets in chronic hepatic encephalopathy

1977 • 116 citations

Successful use of bromocriptine in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy

1980 • 114 citations

Lactitol vs. lactulose in the treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients: A double-blind, randomized trial

1987 • 114 citations

Brain microvessels take up large neutral amino acids in exchange for glutamine. Cooperative role of Na+-dependent and Na+-independent systems.

1983 • 112 citations

Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy: the diagnostic value of evoked potentials

1995 • 109 citations

Long-term effects of Enterococcus faecium SF68 versus lactulose in the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and grade 1–2 hepatic encephalopathy

1995 • 107 citations

Effects of ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and plasma amino acids in patients with cirrhosis. A double-blind, randomized study using a four-fold crossover design

1993 • 102 citations

Liver transplantation

2000 • 102 citations

Globus pallidus alterations and brain atrophy in liver cirrhosis patients with encephalopathy: An MR imaging study

1991 • 94 citations

Lactobacillus acidophilus (Enpac) in Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy

1966 • 90 citations

Overt hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by zinc deficiency

1991 • 90 citations

Treatment of chronic portal?Systemic encephalopathy with vegetable and animal protein diets

1982 • 89 citations

URINARY AND SERUM OCTOPAMINE IN PATIENTS WITH PORTAL-SYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY

1975 • 89 citations

Can hepatic coma be caused by a reduction of brain noradrenaline or dopamine?

1977 • 88 citations

The reducing stent: treatment for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt-induced refractory hepatic encephalopathy and liver failure.

1995 • 86 citations

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: The New Gold Standard for Diagnosis of Clinical and Subclinical Hepatic Encephalopathy?

1996 • 84 citations

Brain concentrations of benzodiazepines are elevated in an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy.

1990 • 82 citations

Lactitol or lactulose in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy: Results of a meta-analysis

1992 • 80 citations

Treatment of chronic portal systemic encephalopathy with bromocriptine

1979 • 80 citations

Deafness Complicating Antibiotic Therapy of Hepatic Encephalopathy

1970 • 74 citations

Lactitol in treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy

1993 • 72 citations

Visual event-related P300 potentials in early portosystemic encephalopathy

1992 • 71 citations

Successful use of vancomycin hydrochloride in the treatment of lactulose resistant chronic hepatic encephalopathy.

1990 • 71 citations

A new therapy for portal systemic encephalopathy.

1986 • 70 citations

The auditory P300 event—related potential: An objective marker of the encephalopathy of chronic liver disease

1990 • 68 citations

Prevalence of brain atrophy in liver cirrhosis patients with chronic persistent encephalopathy

1987 • 66 citations

Treatment of cirrhotic hepatic encephalopathy with l-dopa. A controlled trial

1980 • 61 citations

MRI findings in chronic hepatic encephalopathy depend on portosystemic shunt: results of a controlled prospective clinical investigation

1997 • 59 citations

Neuropsychiatric complications following chlorothiazide therapy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: possible relation to hypokalaemia.

1959 • 59 citations

Circulating Noradrenaline and Central Haemodynamics in Patients with Cirrhosis

1985 • 57 citations

Bright basal ganglia in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images are frequent in patients with portal vein thrombosis without liver cirrhosis and not suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy

1998 • 55 citations

Somatosensory evoked potentials and number connection test in the detection of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy.

1990 • 54 citations

Increased availability of central benzodiazepine receptors in patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy and alcohol related cirrhosis

2000 • 51 citations

Cerebral changes in hepatic encephalopathy

1998 • 50 citations

Potential toxins of acute liver failure and their effects on blood-brain barrier permeability

1983 • 50 citations

Flumazenil therapy for hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients: a double-blind pragmatic randomized, placebo study.

1995 • 48 citations

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by nested polymerase chain reaction in sera of patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis treated with interferon

1992 • 48 citations

The basal ganglia and portal-systemic encephalopathy.

1998 • 44 citations

Treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy with lactose in lactase-deficient patients

1980 • 41 citations

Helicobacter pylori , hyperammonemia and subclinical portosystemic encephalopathy: effects of eradication

1999 • 41 citations

Visual evoked potential — a tool in the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy?

1989 • 41 citations

Encephalopathic effect of phenol in rats.

1983 • 39 citations

Lactulose and Combination Therapy of Hepatic Encephalopathy: The Role of the Intestinal Microflora

1996 • 39 citations

Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopy Studies on NH<sub>4</sub>Cl-Induced Metabolic Alterations and Detoxification Processes in Primary Astrocytes and Glioma Cells

1998 • 38 citations

The role of methanethiol in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy

1991 • 36 citations

Evidence for the role of ammonia in the intracerebral transfer and metabolism of tryptophan

1986 • 34 citations

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt and Hepatic Encephalopathy

1996 • 32 citations

Opioid receptor ligands in human hepatic encephalopathy

1998 • 30 citations

Effect of flumazenil on the electroencephalogram of patients with portosystemic encephalopathy. Results of a double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre trial

1996 • 28 citations

Cerebral benzodiazepine receptor bindingin vivo in patients with recurrent hepatic encephalopathy

1997 • 27 citations

Auditory event-related cerebral potentials (P300) in hepatic encephalopathy--topographic distribution and correlation with clinical and psychometric assessment.

1997 • 26 citations

Helicobacter pylori and the liver: any relationship?

1998 • 25 citations

Lactulose--a multifaceted substance.

1997 • 24 citations

Flash Visual Evoked Responses in the Early Encephalopathy of Chronic Liver Disease

1990 • 19 citations

Lactulose Enemas

1973 • 19 citations

Treatment of Chronic Portal Systemic Encephalopathy with Bromocriptine

1979 • 17 citations

Hepatic encephalopathy: comparative study of EEG abnormalities, neuropsychic disturbances and blood ammonia.

1973 • 15 citations

Ammonia Detoxication and Glutamine Metabolism in Severe Liver Disease and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy

1984 • 14 citations

Surgical treatment of severe postshunt hepatic encephalopathy

1991 • 13 citations

Beneficial Effect of Carbohydrate Maldigestion Induced by a Disaccharidase Inhibitor (AO-128) in the Treatment of Chronic Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

1998 • 13 citations

The role of TIPS for the treatment of portal hypertension: effects and efficacy.

1997 • 9 citations

[Hepatic encephalopathy: neuropsychological and neurophysiological diagnosis].

1998 • 7 citations

[Ammonia and glutamine metabolism of the intestine. The effect of lactulose and neomycin].

1986 • 7 citations

Portale Hypertension

1996 • 7 citations

Neuropharmacologic Modulation of Hepatic Encephalopathy: Experimental and Clinical Data

1994 • 5 citations

A clinical consideration of the malfunctioning non-calculus gall bladder

1947 • 4 citations

Zur Therapie des Leberkomas mit Metaboliten des Harnstoffzyklus, Glutamat und α-Ketoglutarat

1968 • 3 citations

[Visual evoked potentials (VEP). Current perspectives].

1998 • 2 citations

[The disease picture of hepatic encephalopathy].

1987 • 1 citations