Toll-like receptors: how they work and what they do

Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene

1998 • 7,541 citations

A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA

2000 • 6,348 citations

A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity

1997 • 5,522 citations

CD14, a Receptor for Complexes of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS Binding Protein

1990 • 4,041 citations

The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults

1996 • 3,854 citations

The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5

2001 • 3,507 citations

Differential Roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in Recognition of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall Components

1999 • 3,351 citations

Passive Immunization Against Cachectin/Tumor Necrosis Factor Protects Mice from Lethal Effect of Endotoxin

1985 • 2,380 citations

MD-2, a Molecule that Confers Lipopolysaccharide Responsiveness on Toll-like Receptor 4

1999 • 2,188 citations

The repertoire for pattern recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system is defined by cooperation between Toll-like receptors

2000 • 2,076 citations

TLR4 mutations are associated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans

2000 • 2,023 citations

A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll

1998 • 1,735 citations

Mal (MyD88-adapter-like) is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction

2001 • 1,231 citations

Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling

1998 • 1,218 citations

IRAK (Pelle) Family Member IRAK-2 and MyD88 as Proximal Mediators of IL-1 Signaling

1997 • 1,159 citations

Identity of tumour necrosis factor and the macrophage-secreted factor cachectin

1985 • 1,125 citations

TIRAP: an adapter molecule in the Toll signaling pathway

2001 • 962 citations

Kappa B-type enhancers are involved in lipopolysaccharide-mediated transcriptional activation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in primary macrophages.

1990 • 826 citations

A CONSERVED SIGNALING PATHWAY: The Drosophila Toll-Dorsal Pathway

1996 • 822 citations

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Premature Death in Adult Adoptees

1988 • 814 citations

Human Toll-like Receptor 2 Confers Responsiveness to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide

1998 • 778 citations

Toll-like receptor 4 imparts ligand-specific recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide

2000 • 744 citations

Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo: Genetic studies on the role of the Toll gene product

1985 • 675 citations

Lipopolysaccharide Is in Close Proximity to Each of the Proteins in Its Membrane Receptor Complex

2001 • 652 citations

Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the drosophila embryo: The induction of polarity by the Toll gene product

1985 • 607 citations

The Human Toll Signaling Pathway: Divergence of Nuclear Factor κB and JNK/SAPK Activation Upstream of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor–associated Factor 6 (TRAF6)

1998 • 581 citations

Physical contact between lipopolysaccharide and Toll-like receptor 4 revealed by genetic complementation

2000 • 432 citations

Constitutive Activation of Toll-Mediated Antifungal Defense in Serpin-Deficient Drosophila

1999 • 429 citations

Lipid A-like molecules that antagonize the effects of endotoxins on human monocytes.

1991 • 425 citations

Divergent Evolution of Plant NBS-LRR Resistance Gene Homologues in Dicot and Cereal Genomes

2000 • 407 citations

Genetic and Physical Mapping of theLpsLocus: Identification of the Toll-4 Receptor as a Candidate Gene in the Critical Region

1998 • 372 citations

Prediction of the Coding Sequences of Unidentified Human Genes. I. The Coding Sequences of 40 New Genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) Deduced by Analysis of Randomly Sampled cDNA Clones from Human Immature Myeloid Cell Line KG-1 (Supplement)

1994 • 362 citations

Genetic control of susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium in mice: role of the LPS gene.

1980 • 356 citations

The Rel Protein DIF Mediates the Antifungal but Not the Antibacterial Host Defense in Drosophila

2000 • 353 citations

Lipid A: Chemical Structure and Biological Activity

1973 • 288 citations

Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF-kappa B factor

1999 • 261 citations

Prediction of the Coding Sequences of Unidentified Human Genes. I. The Coding Sequences of 40 New Genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) Deduced by Analysis of Randomly Sampled cDNA Clones from Human Immature Myeloid Cell Line KG-1

1994 • 240 citations

The Primary Role of Lymphoreticnlar Cells in the Mediation of Host Responses to Bacterial Endotoxim

1980 • 212 citations

Amino acids conserved in interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1Rs) and the Drosophila toll protein are essential for IL-1R signal transduction.

1992 • 180 citations

Insect immunity: developmental and inducible activity of the Drosophila diptericin promoter.

1992 • 179 citations

Excess of Rare Amino Acid Polymorphisms in the Toll-like Receptor 4 in Humans

2001 • 137 citations

Genetic basis for unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide in C57BL/10Cr mice

1978 • 130 citations

Chromosomal Localization ofTIL,a Gene Encoding a Protein Related to theDrosophilaTransmembrane Receptor Toll, to Human Chromosome 4p14

1996 • 109 citations

High Susceptibility of Strain A Mice to Endotoxin and Endotoxin-Red Blood Cell Mixtures

1965 • 107 citations

Genetic control of resistance to infection in mice.

1982 • 106 citations

Endotoxin and IL-1 hyporesponsiveness in a patient with recurrent bacterial infections.

1997 • 101 citations

Limits of a deletion spanning Tlr4 in C57BL/10ScCr mice

2000 • 85 citations

Host modifier genes affect mouse autoimmunity induced by the lpr gene.

1997 • 76 citations

A Point Mutation in the IL-12Rβ2 Gene Underlies the IL-12 Unresponsiveness of Lps-Defective C57BL/10ScCr Mice

2001 • 71 citations

Insect Immunity: The Diptericin Promoter Contains Multiple Functional Regulatory Sequences Homologous to Mammalian Acute-Phase Response Elements

1993 • 62 citations

CD30 expression by peripheral blood monocytes and hepatic macrophages in a child with miliary tuberculosis.

1992 • 8 citations

Zur Lehre von der putriden Intoxication

1872 • 6 citations

Genetic analysis of host responses in sepsis

2001 • 5 citations

Genetic analysis of host responses in sepsis

2007 • 4 citations