Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Adolescent

Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin

2002 • 18,132 citations

Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evidence report

1998 • 9,277 citations

Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine

1995 • 7,196 citations

Bariatric Surgery

2004 • 6,671 citations

Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

2003 • 5,246 citations

The Prevalence and Features of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in an Unselected Population

2004 • 2,625 citations

Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis*

1997 • 2,442 citations

Gastrointestinal Surgery for Severe Obesity

1991 • 2,142 citations

Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries

1935 • 2,057 citations

Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

2006 • 1,996 citations

Profound Peripheral Insulin Resistance, Independent of Obesity, in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

1989 • 1,858 citations

A Randomized Trial of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet for Obesity

2003 • 1,809 citations

Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction

2005 • 1,702 citations

Meta-Analysis: Surgical Treatment of Obesity

2005 • 1,579 citations

Prevalence and Predictors of Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective, Controlled Study in 254 Affected Women¹

1999 • 1,571 citations

Prevalence of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Black and White Women of the Southeastern United States: A Prospective Study¹

1998 • 1,550 citations

Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

1999 • 1,269 citations

Maternal Morbid Obesity and the Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

2004 • 1,187 citations

Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis

1997 • 1,134 citations

Obesity, obstetric complications and cesarean delivery rate–a population-based screening study

2004 • 1,129 citations

Prevalence of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Black and White Women of the Southeastern United States: A Prospective Study

1998 • 1,081 citations

Prevalence and Predictors of Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective, Controlled Study in 254 Affected Women

1999 • 1,022 citations

Clomiphene, Metformin, or Both for Infertility in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2007 • 981 citations

Cardiovascular disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at long‐term follow‐up: a retrospective cohort study

2000 • 974 citations

Improvement in endocrine and ovarian function during dietary treatment of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

1992 • 908 citations

Efficacy and Metabolic Effects of Metformin and Troglitazone in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

1998 • 798 citations

Weight loss in obese infertile women results in improvement in reproductive outcome for all forms of fertility treatment

1998 • 779 citations

Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis

2003 • 775 citations

A Fasting Glucose to Insulin Ratio Is a Useful Measure of Insulin Sensitivity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome¹

1998 • 688 citations

Metformin Effects on Clinical Features, Endocrine and Metabolic Profiles, and Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled 6-Month Trial, followed by Open, Long-Term Clinical Evaluation¹

2000 • 679 citations

Weight loss results in significant improvement in pregnancy and ovulation rates in anovulatory obese women

1995 • 647 citations

Insulin Stimulates Androgen Accumulation in Incubations of Ovarian Stroma Obtained from Women with Hyperandrogenism*

1986 • 629 citations

Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Metformin Added to Hypocaloric Diet on Body Composition, Fat Distribution, and Androgen and Insulin Levels in Abdominally Obese Women with and without the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2000 • 618 citations

Increased risk of depressive disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2007 • 608 citations

Dietary Composition in Restoring Reproductive and Metabolic Physiology in Overweight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2003 • 524 citations

Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome

2008 • 524 citations

Mortality of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome at Long-term Follow-up

1998 • 511 citations

Profound peripheral insulin resistance, independent of obesity, in polycystic ovary syndrome

1989 • 505 citations

Precocious Pubarche, Hyperinsulinism, and Ovarian Hyperandrogenism in Girls: Relation to Reduced Fetal Growth

1998 • 490 citations

Restoration of Reproductive Potential by Lifestyle Modification in Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Insulin Sensitivity and Luteinizing Hormone1

1999 • 475 citations

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease: A Premature Association?

2003 • 463 citations

Serine phosphorylation of human P450c17 increases 17,20-lyase activity: implications for adrenarche and the polycystic ovary syndrome.

1995 • 450 citations

Adolescent Girls with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Have an Increased Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Increasing Androgen Levels Independent of Obesity and Insulin Resistance

2006 • 436 citations

Hyperfunction of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Disease: Indirect Evidence for Partial Gonadotroph Desensitization*

1988 • 398 citations

Bariatric Surgery for Severely Obese Adolescents

2003 • 397 citations

Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS

2001 • 392 citations

Restored insulin sensitivity but persistently increased early insulin secretion after weight loss in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

1995 • 378 citations

Quality of life and psychological well being in polycystic ovary syndrome

2007 • 363 citations

A Fasting Glucose to Insulin Ratio Is a Useful Measure of Insulin Sensitivity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

1998 • 354 citations

Overweight and obese anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries: parallel improvements in anthropometric indices, ovarian physiology and fertility rate induced by diet

2003 • 345 citations

Suppression of Serum Insulin by Diazoxide Reduces Serum Testosterone Levels in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*

1989 • 345 citations

Screening for Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2002 • 343 citations

Ovarian Function and Metabolic Factors in Women with Oligomenorrhea Treated with Metformin in a Randomized Double Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

2002 • 342 citations

Detection of Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism in Women with Androgen Excess

1992 • 321 citations

Therapeutic effects of metformin on insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome

1998 • 321 citations

Longitudinal Study of Physiologic Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Changes of Puberty

2006 • 319 citations

BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT OF OBESITY

2000 • 318 citations

Metformin Effects on Clinical Features, Endocrine and Metabolic Profiles, and Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled 6-Month Trial, followed by Open, Long-Term Clinical Evaluation

2000 • 318 citations

Increased insulin secretion in puberty: A compensatory response to reductions in insulin sensitivity

1989 • 314 citations

Metformin therapy improves the menstrual pattern with minimal endocrine and metabolic effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

1998 • 294 citations

Identifying Children at Risk for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2006 • 279 citations

A nomogram to predict the probability of live birth after clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation in normogonadotropic oligoamenorrheic infertility

2002 • 257 citations

Characterizing Discrete Subsets of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as Defined by the Rotterdam Criteria: The Impact of Weight on Phenotype and Metabolic Features

2006 • 250 citations

Restoration of Reproductive Potential by Lifestyle Modification in Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Insulin Sensitivity and Luteinizing Hormone

1999 • 250 citations

Metabolic characteristics of women with polycystic ovaries and oligo‐amenorrhoea but normal androgen levels: implications for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome

2007 • 248 citations

Pregnancy after bariatric surgery is not associated with adverse perinatal outcome

2004 • 246 citations

Current Concepts in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2001 • 244 citations

The Impact of Metformin, Oral Contraceptives, and Lifestyle Modification on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Obese Adolescent Women in Two Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials

2008 • 241 citations

Screening for 21-hydroxylase–deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia among hyperandrogenic women: a prospective study

1999 • 240 citations

Gynecologic-obstetric changes after loss of massive excess weight following bariatric surgery.

1988 • 239 citations

A systematic review of the reproductive system effects of metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

2003 • 226 citations

Outcome of Pregnancies after Biliopancreatic Diversion

2004 • 219 citations

Laparoscopic ovarian diathermy in the management of anovulatory infertility in women with polycystic ovaries: endocrine changes and clinical outcome

1990 • 211 citations

Quality of life and psychological morbidity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: body mass index, age and the provision of patient information are significant modifiers

2007 • 208 citations

Comparison of Spironolactone, Flutamide, and Finasteride Efficacy in the Treatment of Hirsutism: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial¹

2000 • 208 citations

Risk of metabolic complications in the new PCOS phenotypes based on the Rotterdam criteria

2007 • 196 citations

Endometrial Hyperplasia: A Review

2004 • 194 citations

Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents

2008 • 194 citations

Oligoanovulation with Polycystic Ovaries But Not Overt Hyperandrogenism

2006 • 192 citations

5 α-reductase activity in polycystic ovary syndrome

1990 • 188 citations

SERUM STEROIDS AND PITUITARY HORMONES IN FEMALE PUBERTY: A PARTLY LONGITUDINAL STUDY

1980 • 182 citations

Sensitization to Insulin in Adolescent Girls to Normalize Hirsutism, Hyperandrogenism, Oligomenorrhea, Dyslipidemia, and Hyperinsulinism after Precocious Pubarche1

2000 • 180 citations

Comparison of flutamide and spironolactone in the treatment of hirsutism: a randomized controlled trial

1994 • 180 citations

Adrenal Function in Normal Women and Women with the Poly cystic Ovary Syndrome*

1979 • 172 citations

Restored insulin sensitivity but persistently increased early insulin secretion after weight loss in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

1995 • 169 citations

Factors affecting the pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation.

1983 • 167 citations

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2006 • 164 citations

Sensitization to Insulin Induces Ovulation in Nonobese Adolescents with Anovulatory Hyperandrogenism

2001 • 162 citations

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Treatment

1989 • 159 citations

Metabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome are found in adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism.

1995 • 155 citations

Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction

2005 • 151 citations

Comparison of Spironolactone, Flutamide, and Finasteride Efficacy in the Treatment of Hirsutism: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2000 • 151 citations

Metformin to restore normal menses in oligo-amenorrheic teenage girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)11The full text of this article is available via JAH Online at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jahonline.

2001 • 150 citations

Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Metformin Added to Hypocaloric Diet on Body Composition, Fat Distribution, and Androgen and Insulin Levels in Abdominally Obese Women with and without the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2000 • 148 citations

Precocious Pubarche, Hyperinsulinism, and Ovarian Hyperandrogenism in Girls: Relation to Reduced Fetal Growth

1998 • 146 citations

Overweight Status of Adolescent Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Body Mass Index as Mediator of Quality of Life

2005 • 144 citations

National trends in utilization and outcomes of bariatric surgery

2005 • 144 citations

Early Metabolic Derangements in Daughters of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2007 • 140 citations

Polycystic ovary syndrome: lack of hypertension despite profound insulin resistance.

1992 • 139 citations

Predictors of Chances to Conceive in Ovulatory Patients during Clomiphene Citrate Induction of Ovulation in Normogonadotropic Oligoamenorrheic Infertility1

1999 • 138 citations

Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

1995 • 132 citations

Polycystic Ovaries Are Common in Women with Hyperandrogenic Chronic Anovulation but Do Not Predict Metabolic or Reproductive Phenotype

2005 • 128 citations

An update on 73 US obese pediatric patients treated with laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: comorbidity resolution and compliance data

2008 • 128 citations

Hyperinsulinemia in postpubertal girls with a history of premature pubarche and functional ovarian hyperandrogenism.

1996 • 126 citations

Cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparison of different approaches to defining the metabolic syndrome

2008 • 123 citations

Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Metformin for Adolescents With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2006 • 119 citations

Hyperandrogenemia in patients presenting with acne

2001 • 119 citations

Morbid obesity is associated with lower clinical pregnancy rates after in vitro fertilization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2008 • 118 citations

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Characteristics in Obese Adolescents with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2008 • 118 citations

Diurnal Rhythm of Testosterone Secretion before and throughout Puberty in Healthy Girls: Correlation with 17β-Estradiol and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate¹

1999 • 114 citations

Effect of low-dose oral contraceptives on androgenic markers and acne

1999 • 114 citations

Insulin-sensitizing agents in polycystic ovary syndrome

2006 • 113 citations

Treatment of Hirsutism, Hyperandrogenism, Oligomenorrhea, Dyslipidemia, and Hyperinsulinism in Nonobese, Adolescent Girls: Effect of Flutamide*

2000 • 112 citations

Androgen excess is the key element in polycystic ovary syndrome

2003 • 111 citations

Ovarian Function and Metabolic Factors in Women with Oligomenorrhea Treated with Metformin in a Randomized Double Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

2002 • 111 citations

Cyclic hormone replacement therapy using quarterly progestin.

1994 • 109 citations

Effects of two forms of combined oral contraceptives on carbohydrate metabolism in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome

2006 • 102 citations

Functional Significance of Polycystic-Size Ovaries in Healthy Adolescents

2006 • 100 citations

Screening for Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2002 • 97 citations

Ultrasound and menstrual history in predicting endometrial hyperplasia in polycystic ovary syndrome

2001 • 96 citations

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence

2008 • 94 citations

Clinical expression of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent girls

2006 • 91 citations

Longitudinal evaluation of the different gonadotropin pulsatile patterns in anovulatory cycles of young girls

1992 • 89 citations

Adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome showing different phenotypes have a different metabolic profile associated with increasing androgen levels

2008 • 88 citations

Source localization of androgen excess in adolescent girls.

1994 • 85 citations

Predictors of Chances to Conceive in Ovulatory Patients during Clomiphene Citrate Induction of Ovulation in Normogonadotropic Oligoamenorrheic Infertility

1999 • 81 citations

Clomiphene CitrateVersusMetformin as First-Line Approach for the Treatment of Anovulation in Infertile Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2007 • 80 citations

Divergent effects of two low-dose oral contraceptives on sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone

1987 • 76 citations

Sensitization to Insulin in Adolescent Girls to Normalize Hirsutism, Hyperandrogenism, Oligomenorrhea, Dyslipidemia, and Hyperinsulinism after Precocious Pubarche

2000 • 75 citations

Pregnancy following gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity.

1982 • 69 citations

Laparoscopic Surgery in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Reproductive and Metabolic Effects

2008 • 67 citations

Accelerated 24-hour luteinizing hormone pulsatile activity in adolescent girls with ovarian hyperandrogenism: relevance to the developmental phase of polycystic ovarian syndrome

1994 • 66 citations

Comparison of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and a low dose oral contraceptive given alone or together in the treatment of hirsutism.

1995 • 64 citations

Hyperinsulinemia in postpubertal girls with a history of premature pubarche and functional ovarian hyperandrogenism

1996 • 62 citations

The Role of Oral Contraceptives in the Treatment of Hyperandrogenic Disorders

1995 • 61 citations

Ovarian imaging by magnetic resonance in obese adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study

2005 • 59 citations

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Early Detection in the Adolescent

2007 • 58 citations

Metabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome are found in adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism

1995 • 57 citations

Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

1995 • 57 citations

Comparison of Diane 35 and Diane 35 plus finasteride in the treatment of hirsutism

2000 • 55 citations

Polycystic ovary syndrome: lack of hypertension despite profound insulin resistance

1992 • 53 citations

Insulin-sensitising agents in polycystic-ovary syndrome

1998 • 52 citations

Treatment of Hirsutism, Hyperandrogenism, Oligomenorrhea, Dyslipidemia, and Hyperinsulinism in Nonobese, Adolescent Girls: Effect of Flutamide

2000 • 52 citations

Detection of insulin resistance and its treatment in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome.

2002 • 51 citations

Sensitization to Insulin Induces Ovulation in Nonobese Adolescents with Anovulatory Hyperandrogenism

2001 • 47 citations

Adolescent Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

1997 • 47 citations

Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia Induce Hyperandrogenism in a Young Type B Insulin-Resistant Female*

1991 • 46 citations

Disruption of the Joint Synchrony of Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Androstenedione Secretion in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome¹

2001 • 45 citations

Menstrual irregularity in the first postmenarchal years: an early clinical sign of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence

2001 • 39 citations

Longitudinal evaluation of the different gonadotropin pulsatile patterns in anovulatory cycles of young girls

1992 • 39 citations

Plasma free testosterone in the diagnosis of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome

1983 • 38 citations

Clinical, Endocrinologic, and Ultrasonographic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Singaporean Adolescents

1997 • 37 citations

Diurnal Rhythm of Testosterone Secretion before and throughout Puberty in Healthy Girls: Correlation with 17 -Estradiol and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate

1999 • 37 citations

Testosterone is required for gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation of luteinizing hormone-beta messenger ribonucleic acid expression in female rats.

1996 • 36 citations

Source localization of androgen excess in adolescent girls

1994 • 31 citations

Primary Amenorrhea as a Manifestation of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents

2008 • 30 citations

Disruption of the Joint Synchrony of Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Androstenedione Secretion in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2001 • 29 citations

The prevalence of upper lip hair in black and white girls during puberty: A new standard

2001 • 29 citations

Three‐dimensional transrectal ultrasonography in adolescent patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

2007 • 25 citations

Insulin Resistance in Adolescents with Menstrual Irregularities

2005 • 24 citations

HORMONAL STUDIES ON WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIES DIAGNOSED BY ULTRASOUND

1990 • 23 citations

Adolescent Obesity and Bariatric Surgery

2006 • 23 citations

Comparison of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and a low dose oral contraceptive given alone or together in the treatment of hirsutism

1995 • 21 citations

Adrenarche and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Tale of Two Hypotheses

2007 • 20 citations

Abnormalities of 21-Hydroxylase Gene Ratio and Adrenal Steroidogenesis in Hyperandrogenic Women with an Exaggerated 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Response to Acute Adrenal Stimulation*

1991 • 20 citations

Hyperandrogenemia is neceesary but not sufficient for polycystic ovary syndrome

2003 • 18 citations

Menstrual irregularity in the first postmenarchal years: an early clinical sign of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence

2001 • 15 citations

Testosterone is required for gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation of luteinizing hormone-beta messenger ribonucleic acid expression in female rats

1996 • 9 citations