Internal Ribosome Entry Site-Mediated Translation in Hepatitis C Virus Replication

An analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs

1987 • 5,139 citations

The scanning model for translation: an update.

1989 • 3,525 citations

A segment of the 5' nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA directs internal entry of ribosomes during in vitro translation

1988 • 1,325 citations

Internal ribosome entry site within hepatitis C virus RNA

1992 • 914 citations

Transmission of Hepatitis C by Intrahepatic Inoculation with Transcribed RNA

1997 • 718 citations

Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells

1996 • 715 citations

A prokaryotic-like mode of cytoplasmic eukaryotic ribosome binding to the initiation codon during internal translation initation of hepatitis C and classical swine fever virus RNAs

1998 • 706 citations

Starting at the Beginning, Middle, and End: Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes

1997 • 685 citations

Circumstances and mechanisms of inhibition of translation by secondary structure in eucaryotic mRNAs.

1989 • 618 citations

Internal initiation of translation mediated by the 5′ leader of a cellular mRNA

1991 • 554 citations

GENETICS OF POLIOVIRUS

1993 • 552 citations

Transcripts from a single full-length cDNA clone of hepatitis C virus are infectious when directly transfected into the liver of a chimpanzee

1997 • 525 citations

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus

1988 • 488 citations

La autoantigen enhances and corrects aberrant translation of poliovirus RNA in reticulocyte lysate

1993 • 485 citations

Canonical Eukaryotic Initiation Factors Determine Initiation of Translation by Internal Ribosomal Entry

1996 • 484 citations

Context Effects and Inefficient Initiation at Non-AUG Codons in Eucaryotic Cell-Free Translation Systems

1989 • 471 citations

Translation of human hepatitis C virus RNA in cultured cells is mediated by an internal ribosome-binding mechanism

1993 • 435 citations

A protein covalently linked to poliovirus genome RNA.

1977 • 424 citations

Sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region of hepatitis C virus.

1992 • 410 citations

Secondary structure of the 5′ nontranslated regions of hepatitis C virus and pestivirus genomic RNAs

1992 • 402 citations

The novel mechanism of initiation of picornavirus RNA translation

1990 • 368 citations

Internal initiation of translation in eukaryotes: the picornavirus paradigm and beyond.

1995 • 341 citations

Unique features of internal initiation of hepatitis C virus RNA translation.

1995 • 340 citations

Alternative Translation of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 mRNA Occurs by Internal Entry of Ribosomes

1995 • 332 citations

A cytoplasmic 57-kDa protein that is required for translation of picornavirus RNA by internal ribosomal entry is identical to the nuclear pyrimidine tract-binding protein.

1993 • 327 citations

C-Myc 5′ untranslated region contains an internal ribosome entry segment

1998 • 319 citations

Sequence analysis of the core gene of 14 hepatitis C virus genotypes.

1994 • 315 citations

Mutations at a Zn(II) finger motif in the yeast elF-2β gene alter ribosomal start-site selection during the scanning process

1988 • 283 citations

Specific Interaction of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 with the 5′ Nontranslated Regions of Hepatitis C Virus and Classical Swine Fever Virus RNAs

1998 • 279 citations

Prokaryotic-like cis elements in the cap-independent internal initiation of translation on picornavirus RNA

1992 • 275 citations

Specific detection of hepatitis C virus minus strand RNA in hematopoietic cells.

1996 • 273 citations

Cap-independent translation of poliovirus mRNA is conferred by sequence elements within the 5' noncoding region.

1988 • 273 citations

Context effects and inefficient initiation at non-AUG codons in eucaryotic cell-free translation systems.

1989 • 272 citations

The La antigen binds 5′ noncoding region of the hepatitis C virus RNA in the context of the initiator AUG codon and stimulates internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation

1997 • 267 citations

Genomic organization of GB viruses A and B: two new members of the Flaviviridae associated with GB agent hepatitis

1995 • 256 citations

A Phylogenetically Conserved Stem-Loop Structure at the 5′ Border of the Internal Ribosome Entry Site of Hepatitis C Virus Is Required for Cap-Independent Viral Translation

1999 • 255 citations

Stability of a stem-loop involving the initiator AUG controls the efficiency of internal initiation of translation on hepatitis C virus RNA.

1996 • 255 citations

Structural Requirements for Initiation of Translation by Internal Ribosome Entry within Genome-Length Hepatitis C Virus RNA

1996 • 253 citations

RNA-protein interactions in regulation of picornavirus RNA translation

1996 • 247 citations

Alternative Translation of the Proto-oncogene c-mycby an Internal Ribosome Entry Site

1997 • 234 citations

Interaction of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein with the 5' noncoding region of the hepatitis C virus RNA genome and its functional requirement in internal initiation of translation

1995 • 233 citations

Computer-assisted identification of a putative methyltransferase domain in NS5 protein of flaviviruses and 2 protein of reovirus

1993 • 230 citations

Comparison of Picornaviral IRES-Driven Internal Initiation of Translation in Cultured Cells of Different Origins

1997 • 229 citations

Variation of the hepatitis C virus 5' non-coding region: implications for secondary structure, virus detection and typing

1995 • 229 citations

An RNA pseudoknot is an essential structural element of the internal ribosome entry site located within the hepatitis C virus 5' noncoding region.

1995 • 220 citations

Direct evidence that polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) is essential for internal initiation of translation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA.

1995 • 218 citations

Homeotic gene Antennapedia mRNA contains 5'-noncoding sequences that confer translational initiation by internal ribosome binding.

1992 • 215 citations

Genetic Analysis of Internal Ribosomal Entry Site on Hepatitis C Virus RNA: Implication for Involvement of the Highly Ordered Structure and Cell Type-Specific Transacting Factors

1997 • 209 citations

The 3′-Untranslated Region of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Enhances Translation from an Internal Ribosomal Entry Site

1998 • 195 citations

Pestivirus translation initiation occurs by internal ribosome entry

1995 • 189 citations

Differences in replication of attenuated and neurovirulent polioviruses in human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y

1989 • 169 citations

Sequence analysis of the 5' nincoding region of hepatitis C virus

1992 • 165 citations

Poliovirus chimeras replicating under the translational control of genetic elements of hepatitis C virus reveal unusual properties of the internal ribosomal entry site of hepatitis C virus.

1996 • 162 citations

PDGF2/c-sis mRNA Leader Contains a Differentiation-linked Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (D-IRES)

1997 • 162 citations

Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L Interacts with the 3′ Border of the Internal Ribosomal Entry Site of Hepatitis C Virus

1998 • 160 citations

Almost the entire 5′ non‐translated region of hepatitis C virus is required for cap‐independent translation

1995 • 159 citations

Classical swine fever virus: recovery of infectious viruses from cDNA constructs and generation of recombinant cytopathogenic defective interfering particles

1996 • 151 citations

Picornavirus internal ribosome entry segments: comparison of translation efficiency and the requirements for optimal internal initiation of translationin vitro

1995 • 150 citations

The 5'-untranslated regions of picornavirus RNAs contain independent functional domains essential for RNA replication and translation

1994 • 149 citations

Internal entry of ribosomes is directed by the 5' noncoding region of classical swine fever virus and is dependent on the presence of an RNA pseudoknot upstream of the initiation codon

1997 • 147 citations

5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of pestivirus genome: primary and secondary structure analyses

1993 • 144 citations

La autoantigen alleviates translational repression by the 5' leader sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNA

1994 • 143 citations

A conserved helical element is essential for internal initiation of translation of hepatitis C virus RNA

1994 • 141 citations

Internal initiation of translation of hepatitis C virus RNA: the ribosome entry site is at the authentic initiation codon.

1996 • 135 citations

The involvement of a spliceosome component in internal initiation of human rhinovirus RNA translation

1993 • 134 citations

Translational Control by Influenza Virus

1995 • 134 citations

Cardioviral internal ribosomal entry site is functional in a genetically engineered dicistronic poliovirus

1992 • 129 citations

The Genomic Sequence of a Virulent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) from the Type 2 Genotype: Detection of a Large Genomic Insertion in a Noncytopathic BVDV

1995 • 124 citations

Characterization of long-term cultures of hepatitis C virus

1996 • 122 citations

Functional analysis of the interaction between HCV 5'UTR and putative subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3

1998 • 117 citations

Alternative Translation Initiation of the Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus mRNA Controlled by Internal Ribosome Entry Involving the p57/PTB Splicing Factor

1995 • 113 citations

Dual initiation sites of protein synthesis on foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA are selected following internal entry and scanning of ribosomes in vivo.

1992 • 110 citations

Sequence analysis of the hepatitis C virus genome recovered from serum, liver, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infected chimpanzees

1997 • 109 citations

Polioviruses containing picornavirus type 1 and/ortype 2 internal ribosomal entry site elements: genetic hybrids and theexpression of a foreign gene.

1994 • 107 citations

Characteristics of Nucleotide Substitution in the Hepatitis C Virus Genome: Constraints on Sequence Change in Coding Regions at Both Ends of the Genome

1997 • 107 citations

Internal Initiation of Translation Directed by the 5′-Untranslated Region of the mRNA for eIF4G, a Factor Involved in the Picornavirus-induced Switch from Cap-dependent to Internal Initiation

1996 • 105 citations

Nucleotide sequences of 5′-terminal ribosome-protected initiation regions from two reovirus messages

1977 • 104 citations

Internal entry of ribosomes on a tricistronic mRNA encoded by infectious bronchitis virus

1992 • 100 citations

Translation initiation in GB viruses A and C: evidence for internal ribosome entry and implications for genome organization

1996 • 99 citations

Complete Genomic Sequence of Border Disease Virus, a Pestivirus from Sheep

1998 • 97 citations

Evolutionary relationship of hepatitis C, pesti‐, flavi‐, plantviruses, and newly discovered GB hepatitis agents

1996 • 95 citations

Mutations within the 5' nontranslated RNA of cell culture-adapted hepatitis A virus which enhance cap-independent translation in cultured African green monkey kidney cells

1996 • 94 citations

Translation initiation at an ACG triplet in mammalian cells.

1987 • 90 citations

UltrabithoraxandAntennapedia5′ Untranslated Regions Promote Developmentally Regulated Internal Translation Initiation

1997 • 90 citations

Cowpea mosaic virus middle component RNA contains a sequence that allows internal binding of ribosomes and that requires eukaryotic initiation factor 4F for optimal translation

1991 • 82 citations

cis-acting elements involved in the alternative translation initiation process of human basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA.

1992 • 81 citations

Complete 5′ Noncoding Region Is Necessary for the Efficient Internal Initiation of Hepatitis C Virus RNA

1994 • 81 citations

Internal Ribosome Entry in the Coding Region of Murine Hepatitis Virus mRNA 5

1994 • 81 citations

Functional Characterization of the Internal Ribosome Entry Site of eIF4G mRNA

1998 • 79 citations

Natural Variation in Translational Activities of the 5′ Nontranslated RNAs of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 1a and 1b: Evidence for a Long-Range RNA-RNA Interaction outside of the Internal Ribosomal Entry Site

1999 • 76 citations

Translation efficiencies of the 5' untranslated region from representatives of the six major genotypes of hepatitis C virus using a novel bicistronic reporter assay system.

1998 • 75 citations

5′ end-dependent translation initiation of hepatitis C viral RNA and the presence of putative positive and negative translational control elements within the 5′ untranslated region

1992 • 73 citations

Crosslinking of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF3 to the 40S ribosomal subunit from rabbit reticulocytes

1983 • 71 citations

Eukaryotic initiation factors eIF-2 and eIF-3: interactions, structure and localization in ribosomal initiation complexes

1991 • 69 citations

The Influence of AUG Codons in the Hepatitis C Virus 5′ Nontranslated Region on Translation and Mapping of the Translation Initiation Window

1996 • 69 citations

Internal Ribosome Entry Sites within the RNA Genomes of Hepatitis C Virus and Other Flaviviruses

1997 • 69 citations

Characterization of the autoantigen La (SS-B) as a dsRNA unwinding enzyme

1997 • 68 citations

RNA Determinants of Picornavirus Cap-Independent Translation Initiation

1997 • 64 citations

Starting Window, a Distinct Element in the Cap-independent Internal Initiation of Translation on Picornaviral RNA

1994 • 63 citations

Host range phenotype induced by mutations in the internal ribosomal entry site of poliovirus RNA

1997 • 62 citations

Translation of Encephalomyocarditis Virus RNA by Internal Ribosomal Entry

1995 • 61 citations

The sequence element of the internal ribosome entry site and a 25-kilodalton cellular protein contribute to efficient internal initiation of translation of hepatitis C virus RNA

1997 • 60 citations

Nucleotide sequencing of 5′ and 3′ termini of bovine viral diarrhea virus by RNA ligation and PCR

1992 • 60 citations

The human insulin-like growth factor II leader 1 contains an internal ribosomal entry site

1995 • 60 citations

Pyrimidine tract binding protein strongly stimulates in vitro encephalomyocarditis virus RNA translation at the level of preinitiation complex formation

1994 • 59 citations

Selection of the 5′‐proximal translation initiation site is influenced by mRNA and eIF‐2 concentrations

1990 • 57 citations

Conserved tertiary structural elements in the 5’ nontranslated region of cardiovirus, aphthovirus and hepatitis A virus RNAs

1993 • 56 citations

Conserved tertiary structure elements in the 5′ untranslated region of human enteroviruses and rhinoviruses

1992 • 56 citations

Effect of mutations downstream of the internal ribosome entry site on initiation of poliovirus protein synthesis

1994 • 50 citations

In vivo translational efficiency of different hepatitis C virus 5′‐UTRs

1997 • 47 citations

Evidence for Involvement of trans-Acting Factors in Selection of the AUG Start Codon during Eukaryotic Translational Initiation

1996 • 46 citations

The sequence between nucleotides 161 and 512 of cowpea mosaic virus M RNA is able to support internal initiation of translation in vitro

1991 • 45 citations

Cap-Independent Translation and Internal Initiation of Translation in Eukaryotic Cellular mRNA Molecules

1995 • 44 citations

Interaction of the La (SS‐B) Autoantigen with Small Ribosomal Subunits

1996 • 44 citations

An internal ribosomal entry signal in the rat VL30 region of the Harvey murine sarcoma virus leader and its use in dicistronic retroviral vectors

1995 • 44 citations

Unusual folding regions and ribosome landing pad within hepatitis C virus and pestivirus RNAs

1995 • 42 citations

Cellular Proteins Specifically Bind to the 5′-Noncoding Region of Hepatitis C Virus RNA

1995 • 42 citations

The Role of the La Autoantigen in Internal Initiation

1995 • 37 citations

Anatomy of the Poliovirus Internal Ribosome Entry Site

1995 • 33 citations

Distinct Structural Elements and Internal Entry of Ribosomes in mRNA3 Encoded by Infectious Bronchitis Virus

1994 • 32 citations

IDENTIFICATION OF CIS-ACTING SEQUENCES AND TRANS-ACTING FACTORS WHICH MAY REGULATE SELECTIVE VIRAL mRNA TRANSLATION*

1995 • 28 citations

Leishmania RNA Virus 1-Mediated Cap-Independent Translation

1995 • 27 citations

Replication of hepatitis A viruses with chimeric 5' nontranslated regions

1996 • 21 citations

Mapping of the Internal Ribosome Entry Site at the 5′ End of the Hepatitis C Virus Genome

1994 • 14 citations

Recognition of the initiation codon for protein synthesis in foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA

1996 • 8 citations