Absolute dependence on kappa B responsive elements for initiation and Tat-mediated amplification of HIV transcription in blood CD4 T lymphocytes.

Single-Step Method of RNA Isolation by Acid Guanidinium Thiocyanate–Phenol–Chloroform Extraction

1987 • 64,270 citations

Isolation of a T-Lymphotropic Retrovirus from a Patient at Risk for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

1983 • 6,811 citations

Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cell cultures

1967 • 5,357 citations

Detection, Isolation, and Continuous Production of Cytopathic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) from Patients with AIDS and Pre-AIDS

1984 • 3,566 citations

Production of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus in human and nonhuman cells transfected with an infectious molecular clone

1986 • 2,918 citations

An inducible transcription factor activates expression of human immunodeficiency virus in T cells

1987 • 2,149 citations

HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease

1993 • 1,822 citations

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 stimulate the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer by activation of the nuclear factor kappa B.

1989 • 1,660 citations

HIV-1 entry into quiescent primary lymphocytes: Molecular analysis reveals a labile, latent viral structure

1990 • 1,560 citations

Massive covert infection of helper T lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS

1993 • 1,450 citations

Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 lead to phosphorylation and loss of I kappa B alpha: a mechanism for NF-kappa B activation.

1993 • 1,047 citations

The p65 subunit is responsible for the strong transcription activating potential of NF-kappa B.

1991 • 805 citations

Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through induction of nuclear factor binding to the NF-kappa B sites in the long terminal repeat.

1989 • 781 citations

Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces expression of human immunodeficiency virus in a chronically infected T-cell clone.

1989 • 726 citations

DNA binding and IκB inhibition of the cloned p65 subunit of NF-κB, a rel-related polypeptide

1991 • 604 citations

Quiescent T Lymphocytes as an Inducible Virus Reservoir in HIV-1 Infection

1991 • 584 citations

Cellular tropism of the human retrovirus HTLV-III/LAV. I. Role of T cell activation and expression of the T4 antigen.

1985 • 545 citations

Regulation of the NF-ηB/rel transcription factor and IηB inhibitor system

1993 • 541 citations

Biological and biochemical characterization of a cloned Leu-3- cell surviving infection with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome retrovirus.

1986 • 413 citations

Cloning of an NF-κB subunit which stimulates HIV transcription in synergy with p65

1991 • 410 citations

Regulatory pathways governing HIV-1 replication

1989 • 401 citations

RelB, a new Rel family transcription activator that can interact with p50-NF-kappa B.

1992 • 375 citations

Independent modes of transcriptional activation by the p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappa B.

1992 • 373 citations

Cellular Transcription Factors Involved in the Regulation of HIV-1 Gene Expression

1992 • 341 citations

The candidate oncoprotein Bcl-3 is an antagonist of pSO/NF-κB-mediated inhibition

1992 • 325 citations

The 65-kDa subunit of human NF-kappa B functions as a potent transcriptional activator and a target for v-Rel-mediated repression.

1992 • 288 citations

A novel mitogen-inducible gene product related to p50/p105-NF-kappa B participates in transactivation through a kappa B site.

1992 • 281 citations

Functional roles for the TATA promoter and enhancers in basal and Tat-induced expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat

1992 • 254 citations

TAR-independent activation of the HIV-1 LTR: Evidence that Tat requires specific regions of the promoter

1990 • 253 citations

Direct interaction of human TFIID with the HIV-1 transactivator Tat

1994 • 251 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1 Lead to Phosphorylation and Loss of IκBα: a Mechanism for NF-κB Activation

1993 • 223 citations

The NF-kappa B binding sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat are not required for virus infectivity

1989 • 215 citations

HIV enhancer activity perpetuated by NF-κB induction on infection of monocytes

1991 • 186 citations

The oncoprotein Bcl-3 can facilitate NF-kappa B-mediated transactivation by removing inhibiting p50 homodimers from select kappa B sites.

1993 • 177 citations

HIV TAR: An RNA enhancer?

1989 • 175 citations

Signaling through T lymphocyte surface proteins, TCR/CD3 and CD28, activates the HIV-1 long terminal repeat.

1989 • 171 citations

Does HIV-1 Tat induce a change in viral initiation rights?

1993 • 166 citations

Susceptibility of normal human lymphocytes to infection with HTLV-III/LAV.

1986 • 162 citations

Tumor necrosis factor stimulates transcription of HIV-1 in human T lymphocytes, independently and synergistically with mitogens.

1989 • 146 citations

TAR independent activation of the human immunodeficiency virus in phorbol ester stimulated T lymphocytes.

1990 • 121 citations

Identification of cis-acting repressive sequences within the negative regulatory element of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1990 • 114 citations

RelB, a New Rel Family Transcription Activator That Can Interact with p50-NF-κB

1992 • 110 citations

TAR-independent transactivation by Tat in cells derived from the CNS: a novel mechanism of HIV-1 gene regulation.

1992 • 104 citations

A microtransfection method using the luciferase-encoding reporter gene for the assay of human immunodeficiency virus LTR promoter activity

1990 • 104 citations

Phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis activates NF-kappa B and increases human immunodeficiency virus replication in human monocytes and T lymphocytes

1993 • 103 citations

Specific NF-kappa B subunits act in concert with Tat to stimulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription

1992 • 98 citations

Stimulation of a human T-cell clone with anti-CD3 or tumor necrosis factor induces NF-kappa B translocation but not human immunodeficiency virus 1 enhancer-dependent transcription.

1990 • 93 citations

An in vitro transcription analysis of early responses of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat to different transcriptional activators.

1991 • 83 citations

High viral load in lymph nodes and latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in peripheral blood cells of HIV-1-infected chimpanzees

1993 • 81 citations

Synergistic activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter by the viral Tat protein and cellular transcription factor Sp1

1992 • 77 citations

A Novel Mitogen-Inducible Gene Product Related to p50/pl05- NF-κB Participates in Transactivation through a κB Site

1992 • 77 citations

Tat and the HIV-1 promoter

1993 • 67 citations

Differential role of long terminal repeat control elements for the regulation of basal and Tat-mediated transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus in stimulated and unstimulated primary human macrophages

1994 • 63 citations

HIV trans-activation and transcription control mechanisms.

1989 • 52 citations

Cellular activation and human immunodeficiency virus infection

1990 • 36 citations

Alternative pathway for induction of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression: involvement of the general transcription machinery

1991 • 36 citations

An In Vitro Transcription Analysis of Early Responses of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat to Different Transcriptional Activators

1991 • 25 citations