Absorption, distribution, and excretion

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Valproic Acid1

1980 • 334 citations

Valproic acid hepatic fatalities. III. U.S. experience since 1986

1996 • 329 citations

Valproic acid. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy in epilepsy.

1994 • 302 citations

Valproic Acid‐Induced Neural Tube Defects in Mouse and Human: Aspects of Chirality, Alternative Drug Development, Pharmacokinetics and Possible Mechanisms

1991 • 293 citations

Sodium valproate acutely inhibits lamotrigine metabolism.

1992 • 254 citations

Valproic acid and its metabolites: placental transfer, neonatal pharmacokinetics, transfer via mother's milk and clinical status in neonates of epileptic mothers.

1981 • 226 citations

Valproic Acid

1994 • 226 citations

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Valproic Acid - 1988

1988 • 203 citations

Expression of Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (MRP) in Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells

1998 • 202 citations

Human CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 mediate formation of the hepatotoxin 4-ene-valproic acid.

1997 • 152 citations

Valproic acid dosage and plasma protein binding and clearance

1980 • 148 citations

Pharmacological evaluation of various metabolites and analogues of valproic acidAnticonvulsant and toxic potencies in mice

1985 • 136 citations

Bidirectional interaction of valproate and lamotrigine in healthy subjects*

1996 • 123 citations

Expressed human UGT1.4 protein catalyzes the formation of quaternary ammonium-linked glucuronides.

1995 • 121 citations

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Antiepileptic Drugs in Paediatric Patients

1995 • 120 citations

Effects of polytherapy with phenytoin, carbamazepine, and stiripentol on formation of 4-ene-valproate, a hepatotoxic metabolite of valproic acid

1990 • 118 citations

Valproic acid in the perinatal period: Decreased maternal serum protein binding results in fetal accumulation and neonatal displacement of the drug and some metabolites

1984 • 111 citations

Metabolism of Antiepileptic Drugs

1985 • 107 citations

Plasma protein binding of valproic acid in healthy subjects and in patients with renal disease.

1978 • 102 citations

Thrombocytopenic purpura and anemia in a breast-fed infant whose mother was treated with valproic acid

1997 • 95 citations

Inhibition of human liver microsomal epoxide hydrolase by valproate and valpromide: In vitro/in vivo correlation

1989 • 91 citations

Disposition of valproic acid in patients with liver disease

1978 • 86 citations

Distribution of valproate across the interface between blood and cerebrospinal fluid

1978 • 86 citations

Pharmacokinetic interaction between zidovudine and valproic acid in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

1994 • 85 citations

Valproic Acid in Breast Milk

1984 • 78 citations

Serum Levels of Valproate and Carbamazepine in Breastfeeding Mother-Infant Pairs

1998 • 76 citations

A timed intravenous pentylenetetrazol infusion scizure model for quantitating the anticonvulsant effect of valproic acid in the rat

1985 • 74 citations

Variable Free and Total Valproic Acid Concentrations in Sole- and Multi-Drug Therapy

1986 • 74 citations

Uptake of valproic acid into rat brain is mediated by a medium-chain fatty acid transporter.

1996 • 72 citations

The Epileptic Mother and Her Child

1982 • 70 citations

Valproic acid in amygdala-kindled rats: alterations in anticonvulsant efficacy, adverse effects and drug and metabolite levels in various brain regions during chronic treatment.

1989 • 65 citations

Effect of Felbamate on Valproic Acid Disposition in Healthy Volunteers: Inhibition of β‐Oxidation

1996 • 60 citations

Rectal administration of sodium valproate in status epilepticus

1978 • 59 citations

Treatment of status epilepticus in children with rectal sodium valproate

1985 • 56 citations

Effect of Valproate on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lorazepam

1997 • 54 citations

Contribution of probenecid-sensitive anion transport processes at the brain capillary endothelium and choroid plexus to the efficient efflux of valproic acid from the central nervous system.

1994 • 53 citations

The effect of felbamate on valproic acid disposition

1994 • 53 citations

Plasma protein binding kinetics of valproic acid over a broad dosage range: therapeutic implications

1993 • 48 citations

Marked accumulation of valproic acid in embryonic neuroepithelium of the mouse during early organogenesis

1990 • 47 citations

Valproic Acid-Induced Carbamazepine-10,11-Epoxide Toxicity in Children and Adolescents

1990 • 47 citations

Intestinal Brush-border Membrane Transport of Monocarboxylic Acids Mediated by Proton-coupled Transport and Anion Antiport Mechanisms

1997 • 43 citations

Quantitative structure-anticonvulsant activity relationships of valproic acid, related carboxylic acids and tetrazoles

1988 • 42 citations

Variability and clinical relevance of the interaction between sodium valproate and carbamazepine in epileptic patients

1992 • 42 citations

Epilepsy: A Window to Brain Mechanisms

1981 • 42 citations

Low and variable presence of valproic acid in human brain

1992 • 42 citations

Developmental toxicity of valproic acid

1991 • 42 citations

Inhibition of epoxide hydrolase by valproic acid in epileptic patients receiving carbamazepine.

1990 • 39 citations

Bioavailability of rectally administered valproic acid syrup

1981 • 37 citations

Diurnal Variations in Steady-state Plasma Concentrations of Valproic Acid in Epileptic Patients

1982 • 37 citations

Inhibition of phenobarbitone N‐glucosidation by valproate.

1994 • 36 citations

Meal‐Dependent Absorption of Enteric‐Coated Sodium Valproate

1980 • 35 citations

Serum Protein Binding of Valproic Acid in Fetus‐Mother Pairs Throughout Pregnancy: Correlation With Oxytocin Administration and Albumin and Free Fatty Acid Concentrations

1986 • 35 citations

Penetration of Valproate and its Active Metabolites into Cerebrospinal Fluid of Children with Epilepsy

1988 • 34 citations

Interaction of Carbamazepine‐10,11‐Epoxide, an Active Metabolite of Carbamazepine, with Valproate: A Pharmacokinetic Study

1990 • 34 citations

Possible role of anion exchanger AE2 as the intestinal monocarboxylic acid/anion antiporter.

1998 • 33 citations

Chronopharmacokinetic Study of Valproic Acid in Man: Comparison of Oral and Rectal Administration

1989 • 32 citations

The effects of phenytoin and carbamazepine on serum concentrations of mono‐unsaturated metabolites of valproic acid.

1990 • 32 citations

Decreased plasma protein binding of valproate in patients with acute head trauma.

1994 • 31 citations

The effect of carbamazepine on valproic acid disposition in adult volunteers.

1989 • 29 citations

Valproate plasma protein binding in the uremic condition

1980 • 26 citations

Absorption Characteristics of a New Valproate Formulation: Divalproex Sodium‐Coated Particles in Capsules (Depakote® Sprinkle)

1990 • 26 citations

Protein binding and hepatobiliary distribution of valproic acid and valproate glucuronide in rats

1993 • 21 citations

Elevated Free Phenytoin and Free Valproic Acid Concentrations in Sera of Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1998 • 21 citations

The effects of peritoneal dialysis on the single dose and steady state pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in a uremic epileptic child

1983 • 21 citations

Effect of food on the serum concentration profile of entericcoated valproic acid

1988 • 21 citations

EPILIM® CHRONO: A MULTIDOSE, CROSSOVER COMPARISON OF TWO FORMULATIONS OF VALPROATE IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

1996 • 19 citations

Distribution of Unsaturated Metabolites of Valproate in Human and Rat Brain‐Pharmacologic Relevance?

1995 • 19 citations

Surgical Treatment of Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

1997 • 18 citations

Displacement of Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine from Protein Binding in Normal and Uremic Sera by Tolmetin, Ibuprofen, and Naproxen: Presence of Inhibitor in Uremic Serum That Blocks Valproic Acid-Naproxen Interactions

1996 • 17 citations

Increases in metabolism of valproate and excretion of 6β‐hydroxycortisol in patients with traumatic brain injury

1998 • 14 citations

Comparative transfer of valproic acid and of an active metabolite into brain and liver: possible pharmacological and toxicological consequences.

1984 • 13 citations

Mechanism of valproic acid uptake by isolated rat brain microvessels

1995 • 13 citations