Brain glucose sensing and body energy homeostasis: role in obesity and diabetes

THE [¹⁴C]DEOXYGLUCOSE METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF LOCAL CEREBRAL GLUCOSE UTILIZATION: THEORY, PROCEDURE, AND NORMAL VALUES IN THE CONSCIOUS AND ANESTHETIZED ALBINO RAT¹

1977 • 5,986 citations

Reconstitution of I _KATP : An Inward Rectifier Subunit Plus the Sulfonylurea Receptor

1995 • 1,703 citations

Different projections of the central amygdaloid nucleus mediate autonomic and behavioral correlates of conditioned fear

1988 • 1,573 citations

The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product

1995 • 1,521 citations

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease

2000 • 1,447 citations

Effect of Insulin and Glucose Infusions on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity in Normal Man

1981 • 1,168 citations

A Family of Sulfonylurea Receptors Determines the Pharmacological Properties of ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels

1996 • 968 citations

REGULATION OF ENERGY INTAKE AND THE BODY WEIGHT: THE GLUCOSTATIC THEORY AND THE LIPOSTATIC HYPOTHESIS

1955 • 838 citations

Leptin Receptor Immunoreactivity in Chemically Defined Target Neurons of the Hypothalamus

1998 • 753 citations

Neuropeptide Y injected in the paraventricular hypothalamus: a powerful stimulant of feeding behavior.

1985 • 731 citations

A Lesson in Metabolic Regulation Inspired by the Glucokinase Glucose Sensor Paradigm

1996 • 728 citations

Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: The “Common Soil” Hypothesis

1995 • 673 citations

The physiology of motivation.

1954 • 663 citations

Altered Expression of Hypothalamic Neuropeptide mRNAs in Food-Restricted and Food-Deprived Rats

1990 • 648 citations

Leptin inhibits hypothalamic neurons by activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels

1997 • 631 citations

Glucose transporter proteins in brain: Delivery of glucose to neurons and glia

1997 • 629 citations

Glucose and Osmosensitive Neurones of the Rat Hypothalamus

1969 • 588 citations

Inhibition of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y gene expression by insulin.

1992 • 533 citations

An arcuato-paraventricular and -dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y-containing system which lacks noradrenaline in the rat

1985 • 523 citations

Selective breeding for diet-induced obesity and resistance in Sprague-Dawley rats

1997 • 522 citations

Localization of insulin receptor mRNA in rat brain by in situ hybridization

1990 • 442 citations

Cloning and functional expression of the cDNA encoding a novel ATP‐sensitive potassium channel subunit expressed in pancreatic β‐cells, brain, heart and skeletal muscle

1995 • 417 citations

Activity of single neurons in the hypothalamic feeding centers: effect of glucose

1964 • 386 citations

Local Ventromedial Hypothalamus Glucopenia Triggers Counterregulatory Hormone Release

1995 • 372 citations

Glucose Inhibition of the Glucose-sensitive Neurone in the Rat Lateral Hypothalamus

1974 • 360 citations

Local ventromedial hypothalamus glucose perfusion blocks counterregulation during systemic hypoglycemia in awake rats.

1997 • 357 citations

Reversal of Hypoglycemia Unawareness, But Not Defective Glucose Counterregulation, in IDDM

1994 • 311 citations

Neuropeptide Y in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: a center coordinating energy metabolism

1994 • 303 citations

Analysis of upstream glucokinase promoter activity in transgenic mice and identification of glucokinase in rare neuroendocrine cells in the brain and gut.

1994 • 279 citations

Reciprocal Activities of the Ventromedial and Lateral Hypothalamic Areas of Cats

1964 • 264 citations

Distribution and phenotype of neurons containing the ATP-sensitive K+ channel in rat brain

1998 • 261 citations

Ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in rats suppress counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia.

1994 • 257 citations

Glucose responding neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat: In vitro study

1984 • 248 citations

A fall in blood glucose level precedes meal onset in free-feeding rats

1980 • 246 citations

Colocalization of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) Receptors, Glucose Transporter GLUT‐2, and Glucokinase mRNAs in Rat Hypothalamic Cells: Evidence for a Role of GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists as an Inhibitory Signal for Food and Water Intake

1996 • 232 citations

Overlapping distribution of K_ATP channel‐forming Kir6.2 subunit and the sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 in rodent brain

1997 • 227 citations

Glucose-Induced Intracellular Ion Changes in Sugar-Sensitive Hypothalamic Neurons

1998 • 209 citations

Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2): expression in specific brain nuclei

1994 • 195 citations

Increased Hypothalamic Content of Preproneuropeptide-Y Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats*

1990 • 180 citations

Novel Glucosensor for Hypoglycemic Detection Localized to the Portal Vein

1997 • 170 citations

Functional correlations between lateral hypothalamic glucose-sensitive neurons and hepatic portal glucose-sensitive units in rat

1983 • 165 citations

Integrated metabolic control of food intake

1986 • 158 citations

The Forebrain Is Not Essential for Sympathoadrenal Hyperglycemic Response to Glucoprivation

1979 • 155 citations

Sulfonylurea binding sites associated with ATP-regulated K+ channels in the central nervous system: autoradiographic analysis of their distribution and ontogenesis, and of their localization in mutant mice cerebellum

1990 • 152 citations

Sustained Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Brain Fuels Reduces Body Weight and Food Intake in Rats

1981 • 149 citations

2-mercaptoacetate and 2-deoxy-d-glucose induce Fos-like immunoreactivity in rat brain

1994 • 145 citations

Tolbutamide excites rat glucoreceptive ventromedial hypothallamic neurones by indirect inhibition of ATP‐K⁺ channels

1990 • 140 citations

Dysregulation of arcuate nucleus preproneuropeptide Y mRNA in diet-induced obese rats

1997 • 133 citations

Discrete brain areas express the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4

1996 • 128 citations

Relationship between sympathetic activity and diet-induced obesity in two rat strains

1983 • 121 citations

Neurons and microvessels express the brain glucose transporter protein GLUT3.

1992 • 110 citations

Metabolic inhibition and low internal ATP activate K-ATP channels in rat dopaminergic substantia nigra neurones

1995 • 97 citations

Glucose modulates rat substantia nigra GABA release in vivo via ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

1995 • 94 citations

Neuropeptide Y in the arcuate nucleus is modulated by alterations in glucose utilization

1993 • 88 citations

Rat hypothalamic NPY mRNA and brown fat uncoupling protein mRNA after high-carbohydrate or high-fat diets

1994 • 84 citations

Brain Uptake of Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Glucose Transporters

1991 • 76 citations

Feeding-related activity of glucose-and morphine-sensitive neurons in the monkey amygdala

1986 • 74 citations

Activation by cromakalim of pre- and post-synaptic ATP-sensitive K+ channels in substantia nigra

1991 • 73 citations

Efferent connections from the lateral hypothalamic region and the lateral preoptic area to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the rat

1994 • 69 citations

Further Studies on the Coupling of Mitochondrially Bound Hexokinase to Intramitochondrially Compartmented ATP, Generated by Oxidative Phosphorylation

1998 • 69 citations

Hormonal and metabolic effects of paraventricular hypothalamic administration of neuropeptide Y during rest and feeding

1994 • 64 citations

The effect of intrahypothalamic injections of glucose on sympathetic efferent firing rate

1987 • 63 citations

Responses of hypothalamic paraventricular neurons in vitro to norepinephrine and other feeding-relevant agents

1989 • 62 citations

Induction of Fos protein in the rat hypothalamus elicited by insulin-induced hypoglycemia

1995 • 62 citations

Reduced glucose-induced neuronal activation in the hypothalamus of diet-induced obese rats

1998 • 60 citations

Central glucoprivation evoked by administration of 2-deoxy-d-glucose induces expression of the c-fos gene in a subpopulation of neuropeptide Y neurons in the rat hypothalamus

1995 • 58 citations

Behavioral significance of monkey hypothalamic glucose-sensitive neurons

1984 • 57 citations

Increased neuropeptide Y content in the arcuato-paraventricular hypothalamic neuronal system in both insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic rats

1991 • 56 citations

Glucose-induced norepinephrine levels and obesity resistance

1987 • 56 citations

Low-affinity sulfonylurea binding sites reside on neuronal cell bodies in the brain

1997 • 56 citations

Vasopressin excites ventromedial hypothalamic glucose-responsive neurons In vitro

1986 • 52 citations

The High‐Affinity Sulphonylurea Receptor Regulates K_ATP Channels in Nerve Terminals of the Rat Motor Cortex

1996 • 49 citations

Blood glucose levels modulate efferent activity in the vagal supply to the rat liver.

1985 • 49 citations

Actions of feeding-relevant agents on hypothalamic glucose-responsive neurons In vitro

1985 • 45 citations

Intracarotid glucose induced norepinephrine response and the development of diet induced obesity.

1992 • 43 citations

Effects of Long‐Term Treatment with Antidepressant Drugs on Proopiomelanocortin and Neuropeptide Y mRNA Expression in the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus of Rats

1996 • 43 citations

Effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on sympathetic nerve activity to interscapular brown adipose tissue

1989 • 42 citations

Glucose-induced sympathetic activation in obesity-prone and resistant rats.

1989 • 42 citations

Phosphorylation modulates the activity of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus

1997 • 38 citations

Glucose, insulin and sympathoadrenal activation

1987 • 38 citations

Normalization of carbohydrate-induced thermogenesis by fructose in insulin-resistant states

1988 • 37 citations

Modulation of locus coeruleus neurons by extra- and intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate

1994 • 36 citations

A Metabolic Sensor in Action: News From the ATP-Sensitive K+-Channel

1997 • 35 citations

Expression of human brain hexokinase in Escherichiacoli: Purification and characterization of the expressed enzyme

1991 • 35 citations

Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and insulin treatment on neuropeptide Y mRNA in the rat hypothalamus

1993 • 33 citations

Unexpected regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y by food deprovation and refeeding in the Zucker rat.

1992 • 32 citations

α Endosulfine Is a Novel Molecule, Structually Related to a Family of Phosphoproteins

1996 • 32 citations

Defective glucoregulation of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors in obesity-prone rats

1993 • 32 citations

Sympathetic activity following paraventricular injections of glucose and insulin

1988 • 32 citations

Differential effects of diet and obesity on high and low affinity sulfonylurea binding sites in the rat brain

1996 • 31 citations

Glucoprivic feeding is impaired by lateral or fourth ventricular alloxan injection

1982 • 31 citations

Lack of effect of potassium channel openers on ATP‐modulated potassium channels recorded from rat ventromedial hypothalamic neurones

1992 • 28 citations

Glucose increases rat plasma norepinephrine levels by direct action on the brain

1991 • 28 citations

Intake suppression after hepatic portal glucose infusion: all-or-none effect and its temporal threshold

1997 • 27 citations

The effect of glucose on the activity of the adrenal nerve and pancreatic branch of the vagus nerve in the rabbit

1975 • 27 citations

Insulin Selectively Downregulates α2-Adrenoceptors in the Arcuate and Dorsomedial Nucleus

1998 • 22 citations

Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on rat brain sulfonylurea binding sites

1998 • 21 citations

Sympathetic activity in thyroid-treated Zucker rats

1982 • 21 citations

Adrenal sympathetic nerve activity in response to hypothalamic injections of 2-deoxy-D-glucose

1991 • 21 citations

Ventromedial hypothalamic lesions attenuate responses of sympathetic nerves to carotid arterial infusions of glucose and insulin.

1990 • 21 citations

Direct demonstration of sulphonylurea‐sensitive K_ATP channels on nerve terminals of the rat motor cortex

1995 • 21 citations

In vivo and in vitro regulation of [3H]glyburide binding to brain sulfonylurea receptors in obesity-prone and resistant rats by glucose

1997 • 19 citations

Neural control of blood glucose homeostasis; Effect of microinjection of glucose into hypothalamic nuclei on efferent activity of pancreatic branch of vagus nerve in the rat

1988 • 19 citations

Lateral hypothalamic injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose suppresses sympathetic activity

1989 • 17 citations

Effects of central injection of glucose on thermogenesis in normal, VMH-lesioned and genetically obese rats

1991 • 16 citations

Nucleotides modulate the low affinity binding sites for [3H]glibenclamide in the rat brain.

1993 • 16 citations

Alterations in brain hexokinase activity associated with streptozoticin-induced diabetes mellitus in the rat

1990 • 16 citations

Potassium channel dysfunction in hypothalamic glucose‐receptive neurones of obese Zucker rats.

1996 • 15 citations

Coupling between hypothalamic α2-adrenoceptors and [3H]mazindol binding site in response to several hyperglycaemic stimuli in mice

1989 • 13 citations