Risk taking by individuals and groups: An assessment of research employing choice dilemmas.

A formal theory of social power.

1956 • 1,086 citations

The group as a polarizer of attitudes.

1969 • 1,008 citations

Risky and cautious shifts in group decisions: The influence of widely held values

1968 • 444 citations

Group influence on individual risk taking.

1962 • 423 citations

A comparison of individual and group decisions involving risk

1961 • 390 citations

Discussion Effects on Racial Attitudes

1970 • 240 citations

Components of group risk taking

1967 • 216 citations

The roles of information, discussion, and consensus in group risk taking

1965 • 194 citations

Why do Groups Make Riskier Decisions Than Individuals?

1970 • 174 citations

Group decision making under risk of aversive consequences.

1965 • 151 citations

Review and theoretical analysis of the effects of group processes upon individual and group decisions involving risk.

1971 • 146 citations

Intergroup relations and polarization of individual and collective judgments.

1969 • 132 citations

Is risk a value?

1968 • 128 citations

Familiarization, group discussion, and risk taking

1966 • 114 citations

Group induced shift toward risk: A critical appraisal.

1971 • 111 citations

Risky-shift phenomenon in small decision-making groups: A test of the information-exchange hypothesis

1967 • 108 citations

Risky shifts, cautious shifts, and group polarization

1971 • 102 citations

A social comparison of abilities interpretation of risk-taking behavior.

1970 • 99 citations

The risky shift in group betting

1969 • 93 citations

Effects of familiarization and group discussion upon risk taking.

1967 • 86 citations

Tests of a portfolio theory of risk preference.

1970 • 80 citations

Risk and conservatism in group decision-making

1968 • 69 citations

Individual and group risk-taking in a two-choice situation

1968 • 69 citations

The Role of Social Norms and Leadership in Risk-Taking

1966 • 68 citations

Level of Risk Selected by Individuals and Groups When Deciding for Self and for Others

1971 • 60 citations

Risk-as-value hypothesis: The relationship between perception of self, others, and the risky shift.

1971 • 50 citations

Will an observer advise higher risk taking after hearing a discussion of the decision problem?

1967 • 49 citations

Leadership and group decisions involving risk

1968 • 46 citations

Distribution of initial risk levels and group decisions involving risk.

1969 • 40 citations

Information versus conformity in the effects of group discussion on risk taking.

1970 • 39 citations

Effects of Group Membership on Risk-Taking Behavior

1961 • 36 citations

Group risk-taking in a two-choice situation: Replication, extension, and a model

1969 • 36 citations

Effect of uncertainty on risk taking in individual and group decisions

1969 • 33 citations

Group Risk Taking in Professional Decisions

1967 • 33 citations

Risky shift is eminently rational.

1971 • 31 citations

A reexamination of the familiarization hypothesis in group risk taking

1970 • 31 citations

Cognitive and affective processes influencing risk taking in groups: An expected utility approach.

1971 • 29 citations

Publicity of initial decisions and the risky shift phenomenon

1970 • 29 citations

Effects of group discussion on estimates of culturally appropriate risk levels.

1971 • 23 citations

Cohesiveness and social responsibility as determinants of group risk taking.

1971 • 23 citations

Effect of the pretest in the risky-shift paradigm.

1971 • 22 citations

Interpersonal decision making: The resolution of a dyadic conflict.

1961 • 22 citations

Effects of Norm-oriented Group Discussion on Individual Verbal Risk Taking and Conservatism

1968 • 20 citations

Pessimism-optimism and risk taking in individual and group contexts.

1970 • 19 citations

Expression of "Walter Mitty-ness" in actual behavior.

1971 • 19 citations

Effects of familiarization and knowledge of others' odds choices on shifts to risk and caution.

1971 • 15 citations

An analysis of the familiarization explanation of the risky-shift

1971 • 14 citations

An analysis of risky shift experiments

1971 • 12 citations

A critical analysis of the “risky shift” phenomenon

1971 • 11 citations

Information effects on cautious and risky-shift items

1970 • 10 citations

The effects of status upon group risk taking

1970 • 7 citations

Group composition effects on risk taking¹

1971 • 6 citations

Effects of Group Discussion on Accepting Risk and on Advising Others to be Risky

1970 • 4 citations

Effects of group processes upon individual and group decisions involving risk

1970 • 2 citations