Insulins today and beyond

The Effect of Intensive Treatment of Diabetes on the Development and Progression of Long-Term Complications in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1993 • 23,535 citations

Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)

1998 • 19,638 citations

Intensive insulin therapy prevents the progression of diabetic microvascular complications in Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a randomized prospective 6-year study

1995 • 3,109 citations

Prospective randomised study of intensive insulin treatment on long term survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus

1997 • 1,297 citations

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro.

2000 • 823 citations

Correlations of receptor binding and metabolic and mitogenic potencies of insulin analogs designed for clinical use.

2000 • 734 citations

Less nocturnal hypoglycemia and better post-dinner glucose control with bedtime insulin glargine compared with bedtime NPH insulin during insulin combination therapy in type 2 diabetes. HOE 901/3002 Study Group.

2000 • 592 citations

Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent retinal neovascularization by insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor

1999 • 560 citations

Basal Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes

2001 • 491 citations

Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo.

2000 • 469 citations

Less hypoglycemia with insulin glargine in intensive insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes. U.S. Study Group of Insulin Glargine in Type 1 Diabetes.

2000 • 465 citations

[Lys(B28), Pro(B29)]-Human Insulin: A Rapidly Absorbed Analogue of Human Insulin

1994 • 453 citations

Comparison of Bedtime Insulin Regimens in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

1999 • 445 citations

Insulin analogues and their potential in the management of diabetes mellitus

1999 • 352 citations

Insulin Pharmacokinetics

1984 • 336 citations

Reduction of Postprandial Hyperglycemia and Frequency of Hypoglycemia in IDDM Patients on Insulin-Analog Treatment

1997 • 325 citations

A 16-week comparison of the novel insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH human insulin used with insulin lispro in patients with type 1 diabetes.

2000 • 254 citations

Insulin management and metabolic control of Type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence in 18 countries

1998 • 240 citations

Metabolic and immunologic effects of insulin lispro in gestational diabetes.

1999 • 237 citations

Improved glycemic control with insulin aspart: a multicenter randomized double-blind crossover trial in type 1 diabetic patients. UK Insulin Aspart Study Group.

1998 • 237 citations

Use of insulin aspart, a fast-acting insulin analog, as the mealtime insulin in the management of patients with type 1 diabetes.

2000 • 236 citations

Insulin aspart vs. human insulin in the management of long‐term blood glucose control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial

2000 • 234 citations

Insulin Lispro in CSII: Results of a Double-Blind Crossover Study

1997 • 232 citations

Efficacy and safety of HOE 901 versus NPH insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. The European Study Group of HOE 901 in type 1 diabetes.

2000 • 227 citations

Soluble, fatty acid acylated insulins bind to albumin and show protracted action in pigs

1996 • 225 citations

Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Insulin Lispro on Severe Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

1998 • 222 citations

Pharmacokinetics of 125I-labeled insulin glargine (HOE 901) in healthy men: comparison with NPH insulin and the influence of different subcutaneous injection sites.

2000 • 201 citations

Long-term intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes with the short-acting insulin analog lispro in variable combination with NPH insulin at mealtime.

1999 • 199 citations

Basal insulin glargine (HOE 901) versus NPH insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes on multiple daily insulin regimens. U.S. Insulin Glargine (HOE 901) Type 1 Diabetes Investigator Group.

2000 • 194 citations

Insulin analogs with improved pharmacokinetic profiles

1999 • 192 citations

Sustained signalling from the insulin receptor after stimulation with insulin analogues exhibiting increased mitogenic potency

1996 • 187 citations

Inadequate suspension of neutral protamine Hagendorn (NPH) insulin in pens

1999 • 182 citations

Comparison of the Soluble Basal Insulin Analog Insulin Detemir With NPH Insulin

2001 • 178 citations

Use of insulin lispro in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment. Results of a multicenter trial. German Humalog-CSII Study Group.

1999 • 171 citations

Restoration of early rise in plasma insulin levels improves the glucose tolerance of type 2 diabetic patients.

1999 • 171 citations

Time‐action profile of the soluble, fatty acid acylated, long‐acting insulin analogue NN304

1999 • 161 citations

Insulin Lispro

1997 • 156 citations

Effect of the fast-acting insulin analog lispro on the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia during intensified insulin therapy. U.K. Lispro Study Group.

1999 • 151 citations

The bioactivity of insulin analogues from in vitro receptor binding to in vivo glucose uptake

1992 • 144 citations

Improvement of HbA1c and Blood Glucose Stability in IDDM Patients Treated With Lispro Insulin Analog in External Pumps

1998 • 143 citations

Modifications in the B10 and B26-30 regions of the B chain of human insulin alter affinity for the human IGF-I receptor more than for the insulin receptor

1997 • 142 citations

Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the novel rapid-acting insulin analogue, insulin aspart, in healthy volunteers

1999 • 137 citations

The Physiologic Replacement of Insulin

1989 • 124 citations

Effect of Fatty Acids and Selected Drugs on the Albumin Binding of a Long-Acting, Acylated Insulin Analogue

1997 • 119 citations

Variation in125i-insulin absorption and blood glucose concentration

1979 • 113 citations

A randomized, controlled trial comparing insulin lispro with human soluble insulin in patients with Type 1 diabetes on intensified insulin therapy

2000 • 113 citations

Exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in IDDM patients treated with a short-acting insulin analogue

1995 • 112 citations

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a premixed formulation of soluble and protamine-retarded insulin aspart

2000 • 112 citations

Growth promoting and metabolic activity of the human insulin analogue [GlyA21,ArgB31,ArgB32]insulin (HOE 901) in muscle cells

1997 • 110 citations

Time-Action Profiles of Novel Premixed Preparations of Insulin Lispro and NPL Insulin

1998 • 109 citations

Contribution of postprandial versus interprandial blood glucose to HbA1c in type 1 diabetes on physiologic intensive therapy with lispro insulin at mealtime.

1999 • 101 citations

Use of the short-acting insulin analogue lispro in intensive treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus: importance of appropriate replacement of basal insulin and time-interval injection-meal

1998 • 98 citations

The Long Acting Human Insulin Analog HOE 901: Characteristics of Insulin Signalling in Comparison to Asp(B10) and Regular Insulin

1998 • 95 citations

Insulin analogues

1997 • 91 citations

Pre-meal Insulin Analogue Insulin Lispro vs Humulin® R Insulin Treatment in Young Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes

1996 • 84 citations

Rapid appearance and onset of action of insulin aspart in paediatric subjects with type 1 diabetes

2000 • 79 citations

Effects of the Short-Acting Insulin Analog [Lys(B28),Pro(B29)] on Postprandial Blood Glucose Control in IDDM

1996 • 77 citations

Basal Insulin Glargine (HOE 901) versus NPH Insulin in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple Daily Insulin Regimes

2001 • 76 citations

Lispro or regular insulin for multiple injection therapy in adolescence. Differences in free insulin and glucose levels overnight.

1999 • 75 citations

Lispro Mix25 insulin as premeal therapy in type 2 diabetic patients.

1999 • 72 citations

NovoSol Basal: pharmacokinetics of a novel soluble long acting insulin analogue.

1989 • 59 citations

Use of Premixed Insulin Among the Elderly: Reduction of errors in patient preparation of mixtures

1992 • 54 citations

Human Insulin: Clinical Pharmacological Studies in Normal Man

1986 • 51 citations

Protein Design and the Development of New Therapeutics and Vaccines

1990 • 48 citations

Improvement of blood glucose control in Type 1 diabetic patients treated with lispro and multiple NPH injections

1999 • 46 citations

Improved postprandial glycemic control with humalog® mix75/25™ after a standard test meal in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2000 • 45 citations

Insulin aspart: a novel rapid-acting human insulin analogue

1999 • 41 citations

New concept for long-acting insulin: spontaneous conversion of an inactive modified insulin to the active hormone in circulation: 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl derivative of insulin.

1999 • 38 citations

Hypoglycemia and Insulin Analogues:

1999 • 36 citations

Optimal administration of lispro insulin in hyperglycemic type 1 diabetes.

1999 • 34 citations

Effectiveness of human ultralente versus NPH insulin in providing basal insulin replacement for an insulin lispro multiple daily injection regimen. A double-blind randomized prospective trial. The Canadian Lispro Study Group.

1999 • 31 citations

Reduced Solubility of Short-Acting Soluble Insulins when Mixed with Longer-Acting Insulins

1983 • 27 citations

Optimal Provision of Daytime NPH Insulin in Patients Using the Insulin Analog Lispro

1998 • 27 citations

A Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Study in CD Rats of LY275585, [Lys(B28),Pro(B29)]-Human Insulin

1994 • 25 citations

Optimized basal-bolus therapy using a fixed mixture of 75% lispro and 25% NPL insulin in type 1 diabetes patients: no favorable effects on glycemic control, physiological responses to hypoglycemia, well-being, or treatment satisfaction

2000 • 23 citations

Study of porcine and human isophane (NPH) insulins in normal subjects

1984 • 22 citations

Use of insulin lispro in pregnancy.

2000 • 18 citations

Optimization of Evening Insulin Dose in Patients Using the Short-Acting Insulin Analog Lispro

1998 • 18 citations

The Effect of Mixing Human Soluble and Human Crystalline Zinc‐suspension Insulin: Plasma Insulin and Blood Glucose Profiles after Subcutaneous Injection

1985 • 14 citations

Novel hepatoselective insulin analogues: studies with covalently linked thyroxyl-insulin complexes

1998 • 14 citations

Demonstration of a relatively hepatoselective effect of covalent insulin dimers on glucose metabolism in dogs

1995 • 10 citations

Soluble and Lente human insulin mixtures in normal man.

1988 • 3 citations

Engineering Novel, Prolonged-Acting Insulins

1990 • 2 citations