The Treatment of Hypertension in Adult Patients With Diabetes

The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure<SUBTITLE>The JNC 7 Report</SUBTITLE>

2003 • 25,662 citations

Effects of Losartan on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy

2001 • 7,165 citations

Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38

1998 • 6,576 citations

Renoprotective Effect of the Angiotensin-Receptor Antagonist Irbesartan in Patients with Nephropathy Due to Type 2 Diabetes

2001 • 5,812 citations

Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial

1998 • 5,793 citations

The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure

1997 • 5,689 citations

The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition on Diabetic Nephropathy

1993 • 5,296 citations

Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38

1998 • 4,813 citations

Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease

1990 • 4,424 citations

Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease *1Part 1, prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias

1990 • 4,310 citations

Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy

2000 • 3,103 citations

The Effect of Irbesartan on the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2001 • 2,520 citations

Insulin Resistance in Essential Hypertension

1987 • 2,386 citations

Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study

2000 • 2,127 citations

Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators.

2000 • 2,085 citations

Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial

1999 • 2,051 citations

Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomised trials

2000 • 1,789 citations

Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study

1999 • 1,472 citations

Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39

1998 • 1,435 citations

Preserving renal function in adults with hypertension and diabetes: A consensus approach

2000 • 1,406 citations

Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39

1998 • 1,333 citations

Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT)

2000 • 1,224 citations

Nifedipine

1995 • 1,175 citations

Effect of Insulin and Glucose Infusions on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity in Normal Man

1981 • 1,168 citations

The Effect of Nisoldipine as Compared with Enalapril on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes and Hypertension

1998 • 1,166 citations

The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man.

1975 • 1,114 citations

Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (CALM) study

2000 • 1,050 citations

Effects of Calcium-Channel Blockade in Older Patients with Diabetes and Systolic Hypertension

1999 • 945 citations

Effect of Diuretic-Based Antihypertensive Treatment on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Diabetic Patients With Isolated Systolic Hypertension

1996 • 942 citations

Decreased effect of insulin to stimulate skeletal muscle blood flow in obese man. A novel mechanism for insulin resistance.

1990 • 938 citations

Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and β-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study

2000 • 923 citations

Outcome Results of the Fosinopril Versus Amlodipine Cardiovascular Events Randomized Trial (FACET) in Patients With Hypertension and NIDDM

1998 • 856 citations

Long-term antihypertensive treatment inhibiting progression of diabetic nephropathy

1982 • 772 citations

Phenylpropanolamine and the Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke

2000 • 728 citations

Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

2000 • 688 citations

Rationale and Design for the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

1996 • 598 citations

Effect of Reduced Dietary Sodium on Blood Pressure

1996 • 559 citations

Effect of antihypertensive treatment on kidney function in diabetic nephropathy.

1987 • 551 citations

Randomized trials of sodium reduction: an overview

1997 • 534 citations

Hypertension in Diabetes Study (HDS): I. Prevalence of hypertension in newly presenting type 2 diabetic patients and the association with risk factors for cardiovascular and diabetic complications

1993 • 487 citations

Development and Progression of Renal Disease in Pima Indians with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1996 • 480 citations

Efficacy of captopril in postponing nephropathy in normotensive insulin dependent diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.

1991 • 478 citations

Calcium channel blockers versus other antihypertensive therapies on progression of NIDDM associated nephropathy

1996 • 427 citations

Smoking and diabetes.

1999 • 392 citations

Prevention of diabetic nephropathy with enalapril in normotensive diabetics with microalbuminuria.

1988 • 384 citations

Application of prazosin is associated with an increase of insulin sensitivity in obese patients with hypertension

1988 • 359 citations

Protection of kidney function and decrease in albuminuria by captopril in insulin dependent diabetics with nephropathy.

1988 • 340 citations

Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drugs.

1980 • 330 citations

Should All Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Microalbuminuria Receive Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors?

2001 • 328 citations

Should all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors? A meta-analysis of individual patient data

2001 • 302 citations

Cost effectiveness analysis of improved blood pressure control in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 40

1998 • 298 citations

Renoprotective effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy

2000 • 285 citations

Cost effectiveness analysis of improved blood pressure control in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 40

1998 • 265 citations

Standards of Medical Care for Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

2002 • 250 citations

Efficacy and Safety of Sibutramine in Obese White and African American Patients With Hypertension

2000 • 249 citations

Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Development of Microalbuminuria

1990 • 239 citations

Long-term comparison of losartan and enalapril on kidney function in hypertensive type 2 diabetics with early nephropathy

2000 • 231 citations

Comparison between perindopril and nifedipine in hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria

1991 • 226 citations

The Progressive Cost of Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

1999 • 224 citations

Prevalence of Diabetic Complications in Relation to Risk Factors

1986 • 224 citations

Relation of Ocular and Systemic Factors to Survival in Diabetes

1989 • 199 citations

Central role for sodium in the pathogenesis of blood pressure changes independent of angiotensin, aldosterone and catecholamines in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

1987 • 198 citations

Comparison between perindopril and nifedipine in hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. Melbourne Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group.

1991 • 193 citations

Sodium, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, and blood pressure in diabetes mellitus

1977 • 184 citations

Reduction in blood pressure with a low sodium, high potassium, high magnesium salt in older subjects with mild to moderate hypertension

1994 • 180 citations

Sibutramine: a novel anti-obesity drug. A review of the pharmacological evidence to differentiate it from d-amphetamine and d-fenfluramine.

1998 • 178 citations

Long-Term Effect of Lisinopril and Atenolol on Kidney Function in Hypertensive NIDDM Subjects With Diabetic Nephropathy

1997 • 174 citations

Mortality Trends in Type 1 Diabetes

2001 • 171 citations

Effects of Diltiazem or Lisinopril on Massive Proteinuria Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

1990 • 167 citations

[Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressure-lowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials].

2001 • 167 citations

Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program Cooperative Research Group

1996 • 161 citations

Effects of Cilazapril and Amlodipine on Kidney Function in Hypertensive NIDDM Patients

1996 • 154 citations

Effect of Calcium Channel or β-Blockade on the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in African Americans

1997 • 151 citations

Blood pressure and metabolic control as risk factors for nephropathy in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

1985 • 147 citations

Excess Mortality Associated With Diuretic Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus

1991 • 144 citations

Risk Factors for Progression of Background Retinopathy in Long-Standing IDDM

1989 • 140 citations

Losartan and Low-Dose Hydrochlorothiazide in Patients With Essential Hypertension

1996 • 140 citations

Newer Approaches to Antihypertensive Therapy

1996 • 132 citations

Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy and Cardiovascular Risk

1990 • 132 citations

The Effects of Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure in 301 Obese Patients

1990 • 129 citations

Effect of reduced dietary sodium on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

1996 • 125 citations

Pharmacokinetic profile of ceftriaxone in man.

1984 • 122 citations

Exchangeable sodium and renin in hypertensive diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.

1985 • 121 citations

Hyperkalemia as a Complication of Drug Therapy

1987 • 120 citations

Cellular ions in hypertension, insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes

1992 • 87 citations

Treatment of Hypertension: Drug Therapy

1997 • 84 citations

A comparison of the effects of low- and conventional-dose thiazide diuretic on insulin action in hypertensive patients with NIDDM

1995 • 84 citations

Aspects of Tolerability of Centrally Acting Antihypertensive Drugs

1996 • 84 citations

Relationship between blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in development of microalbuminuria

1990 • 83 citations

Body weight, sodium intake and blood pressure

1989 • 81 citations

A double blind comparison of the effects of amlodipine and enalapril on insulin sensitivity in hypertensive patients

1999 • 80 citations

Prevalence of diabetic complications in relation to risk factors

1986 • 77 citations

Controlled Trial of Losartan Given Concomitantly with Different Doses of Hydrochlorothiazide in Hypertensive Patients

1996 • 76 citations

Implications of discontinuation of doxazosin arm of ALLHAT

2000 • 69 citations

Cost-effectiveness of the Lower Treatment Goal (of JNC VI) for Diabetic Hypertensive Patients

2000 • 65 citations

Metabolic Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide and Enalapril During Treatment of the Hypertensive Diabetic Patient

1988 • 62 citations

The cost‐effectiveness of treating hypertension in elderly people—an analysis of the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP Hypertension)

1993 • 60 citations

Epidemiologic Review of the Calcium Channel Blocker Drugs

2001 • 60 citations

Differences Between Nisoldipine and Lisinopril on Glomerular Filtration Rates and Albuminuria in Hypertensive IDDM Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy During the First Year of Treatment

1997 • 58 citations

Essential Hypertension Is Associated With Decreased Insulin Clearance and Insulin Resistance

1997 • 55 citations

Metabolic neutrality of combined verapamil-trandolapril treatment in contrast to beta-blocker-low-dose chlortalidone treatment in hypertensive type 2 diabetes

1996 • 53 citations

Beta-blockers in hypertensive and coronary heart disease.

1996 • 53 citations

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy and cardiovascular risk. Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study III

1990 • 50 citations

Metabolic disturbances in hypertension: results from the population study ‘ Men born in 1913’

1992 • 45 citations

Risk factors for progression of background retinopathy in long-standing IDDM

1989 • 45 citations

Effects of cilazapril and amlodipine on kidney function in hypertensive NIDDM patients

1996 • 44 citations

Relation of ocular and systemic factors to survival in diabetes

1989 • 43 citations

Role of Alpha Adrenoceptors in Hypertension and in Anti hypertensive Drug Treatment

1984 • 40 citations

Comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes: the Fosinopril versus Amlodipine Cardiovascular Events Trial (FACET)

1998 • 40 citations

Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Differences Among Calcium Channel Antagonists: Profile of Mibefradil, a New Calcium Antagonist

1996 • 37 citations

The cost‐effectiveness of a cardiovascular multiple‐risk‐factor intervention programme in treated hypertensive men

1995 • 33 citations

Effects of Metoprolol on the Counter‐regulation and Recognition of Prolonged Hypoglycemia in Insulin‐dependent Diabetics

1987 • 33 citations

Long-term reduction of microalbuminuria after 3 years of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition by perindopril in hypertensive insulin-treated diabetic patients

1992 • 29 citations

Losartan and low-dose hydrochlorothiazide in patients with essential hypertension. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of concomitant administration compared with individual components

1996 • 28 citations

Diuretic Drugs

1986 • 28 citations

Effects of Atenolol and Enalapril on Kidney Function in Hypertensive Diabetic Patients

1993 • 27 citations

Newer approaches to antihypertensive therapy. Use of fixed-dose combination therapy

1996 • 25 citations

Calcium antagonists and cardiovascular risk in diabetes

1998 • 23 citations

Excess mortality associated with diuretic therapy in diabetes mellitus

1991 • 23 citations

The effects of weight reduction on blood pressure in 301 obese patients

1990 • 23 citations

Classification of ??-Lactamases from Branhamella catarrhalis in Relation to Penicillinases Produced by Other Bacterial Species

1986 • 22 citations

New Evidence on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

1998 • 21 citations

Calcium antagonists and the diabetic patient: a response to recent controversies

1998 • 17 citations

Calcium intake and blood pressure: epidemiology revisited.

1995 • 16 citations

Cardioprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease

1996 • 15 citations

Nitrendipine and enalapril in the treatment of diabetic hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria.

1996 • 14 citations

Metabolic effects of hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril during treatment of the hypertensive diabetic patient. Enalapril for hypertensive diabetics

1988 • 14 citations

Beta-blockers in hypertensive and coronary heart disease

1996 • 13 citations

Differences between nisoldipine and lisinopril on glomerular filtration rates and albuminuria in hypertensive IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy during the first year of treatment

1997 • 13 citations

Hyperkalemia as a complication of drug therapy

1987 • 12 citations

The calcium antagonist controversy: a posthumous commentary 1 1Modified from Grossman E, Messerli FH. Calcium antagonists in cardiovascular disease: a necessary controversy but an unnecessary panic. (Editorial.) Am J Med 1997;102:147–149; and from Messerli FH, Grossman E. Do calcium antagonists increase the risk for malignancies? (Editorial.) J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:809–810.

1998 • 12 citations

Smoking and Diabetes

2002 • 10 citations

Dietary Factors and Blood Pressure Regulation

1995 • 9 citations

A Comparison of the Hypotensive Effects of Captopril and Atenolol in the Treatment of Hypertension in Diabetic Patients

1989 • 8 citations

Forearm and finger hemodynamics, blood pressure control, and lipid changes in diabetic hypertensive patients treated with atenolol and prazosin

1989 • 8 citations

New Evidence on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

1998 • 8 citations

Critique of a biologic mechanism linking calcium antagonists to increased risk for cardiovascular events in diabetes

1998 • 6 citations

CHLORTHALIDONE-MODULATED VASCULAR RESPONSES TO VASODILATOR STIMULI IN DOCA-SALT HYPERTENSIVE RATS

1996 • 6 citations

Importance of Weight Loss and Sodium Restriction in the Treatment of Mild and Moderate Essential Hypertension

1993 • 5 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations