Epidemiologic Review of the Calcium Channel Blocker Drugs

Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial

1998 • 5,793 citations

The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure

1997 • 5,689 citations

Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: An overview of the randomized trials

1985 • 3,248 citations

Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension

1997 • 2,965 citations

Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial

1999 • 2,051 citations

ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction

1996 • 1,888 citations

Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study

1999 • 1,472 citations

Major Cardiovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Doxazosin vs Chlorthalidone: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

2000 • 1,451 citations

Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT)

2000 • 1,224 citations

Effect of Amlodipine on Morbidity and Mortality in Severe Chronic Heart Failure

1996 • 1,182 citations

Nifedipine

1995 • 1,175 citations

The Effect of Nisoldipine as Compared with Enalapril on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes and Hypertension

1998 • 1,166 citations

The Risk of Myocardial Infarction Associated With Antihypertensive Drug Therapies

1995 • 970 citations

ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction

1996 • 964 citations

Effects of Calcium-Channel Blockade in Older Patients with Diabetes and Systolic Hypertension

1999 • 945 citations

Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and β-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study

2000 • 923 citations

Epidemiology Faces Its Limits

1995 • 857 citations

Outcome Results of the Fosinopril Versus Amlodipine Cardiovascular Events Randomized Trial (FACET) in Patients With Hypertension and NIDDM

1998 • 856 citations

Comparison of active treatment and placebo in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension

1998 • 726 citations

Effect of Amlodipine on the Progression of Atherosclerosis and the Occurrence of Clinical Events

2000 • 671 citations

Effect of verapamil on mortality and major events after acute myocardial infarction (The Danish Verapamil Infarction Trial II — DAVIT II)

1990 • 613 citations

Retardation of angiographic progression of coronary artery disease by nifedipine

1990 • 610 citations

Diltiazem and Reinfarction in Patients with Non-Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction

1986 • 539 citations

The effect of diltiazem on mortality and reinfarction after myocardial infarction

1989 • 513 citations

Diltiazem increases late-onset congestive heart failure in postinfarction patients with early reduction in ejection fraction. The Adverse Experience Committee; and the Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Research Group.

1991 • 510 citations

Calcium-Antagonist Drugs

1999 • 439 citations

Calcium channel blockers in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina: an overview.

1989 • 424 citations

Shanghai trial of nifedipine in the elderly

1996 • 414 citations

Final outcome results of the Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS). A randomized controlled trial

1996 • 395 citations

Effect of the Calcium Antagonist Felodipine as Supplementary Vasodilator Therapy in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure Treated With Enalapril

1997 • 362 citations

Large-scale randomized evidence: Large, simple trials and overviews of trials

1995 • 357 citations

Meta-analysis of Trials Comparing β-Blockers, Calcium Antagonists, and Nitrates for Stable Angina

1999 • 355 citations

Risk of Hospitalization for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding Associated With Ketorolac, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Calcium Antagonists, and Other Antihypertensive Drugs

1998 • 343 citations

Calcium-channel blockade and incidence of cancer in aged populations

1996 • 340 citations

Intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and subdural hematoma after acute myocardial infarction and thrombolytic therapy in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Study. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction, Phase II, pilot and clinical trial.

1991 • 322 citations

Long‐Term Survival and Use of Antihypertensive Medications in Older Persons

1995 • 277 citations

Nifedipine therapy for patients with threatened and acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison.

1984 • 274 citations

Evidence of Depression Provoked by Cardiovascular Medication: A Prescription Sequence Symmetry Analysis

1996 • 266 citations

Calcium antagonists in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

1998 • 262 citations

Do Calcium Channel Blockers Increase the Risk of Cancer?

1996 • 248 citations

Nifedipine in Unstable Angina

1982 • 237 citations

Risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage with calcium antagonists in hypertensive persons over 67 years old

1996 • 226 citations

Effects of metoprolol vs verapamil in patients with stable angina pectoris: The Angina Prognosis Study in Stockholm (APSIS)

1996 • 222 citations

Ca ²⁺ antagonists inhibit DNA fragmentation and toxic cell death induced by acetaminophen ¹

1993 • 197 citations

Verapamil in Acute Myocardial Infarction

1984 • 187 citations

Trial of early nifedipine in acute myocardial infarction: the Trent study.

1986 • 186 citations

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nimodipine in acute ischemic hemispheric stroke.

1994 • 183 citations

Trends in Pharmacologic Management of Hypertension in the United States

1995 • 177 citations

Effect of long-acting and short-acting calcium antagonists on cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients

1997 • 167 citations

A randomized study comparing propranolol and diltiazem in the treatment of unstable angina

1985 • 160 citations

Meta-Analysis of Oral Nimodipine Trials in Acute Ischemic Stroke

1994 • 160 citations

Apoptosis and cancer: the failure of controls on cell death and cell survival

1995 • 158 citations

Nifedipine and conventional therapy for unstable angina pectoris: a randomized, double-blind comparison.

1984 • 155 citations

Calcium Channel Blockers and the Risk of Cancer

1998 • 151 citations

The Total Ischaemic Burden European Trial (TIBET): Effects of atenolol, nifedipine SR and their combination on the exercise test and the total ischaemic burden in 608 patients with stable angina

1996 • 146 citations

Effect of Calcium Antagonists on Plasma Norepinephrine Levels, Heart Rate, and Blood Pressure

1997 • 144 citations

Early administration of nifedipine in suspected acute myocardial infarction. The Secondary Prevention Reinfarction Israel Nifedipine Trial 2 Study.

1993 • 142 citations

Evolution of infarct size during the early use of nifedipine in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the Norwegian Nifedipine Multicenter Trial.

1984 • 138 citations

Calcium channel antagonists delay regression of androgen‐dependent tissues and suppress gene activity associated with cell death

1988 • 128 citations

Use of calcium channel blockers and breast carcinoma risk in postmenopausal women

1997 • 126 citations

Cancer Risk in Users of Calcium Channel Blockers

1997 • 119 citations

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Calcium Channel Blockers, and Breast Cancer

2000 • 116 citations

Nimodipine Neuroprotection in Cardiac Valve Replacement

1996 • 104 citations

Diltiazem in acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic agents: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

2000 • 100 citations

Retardation of coronary artery disease in humans by the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine: Results of the INTACT study (International Nifedipine Trial on Antiatherosclerotic Therapy)

1990 • 96 citations

Protocol for prospective collaborative overviews of major randomized trials of blood-pressure-lowering treatments

1998 • 96 citations

Surgical bleeding: unexpected effect of a calcium antagonist

1995 • 96 citations

Calcium antagonists and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: A Cohort study of 11,575 patients

1996 • 95 citations

Cardiac Event Rates After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Treated With Verapamil and Trandolapril Versus Trandolapril Alone

1997 • 90 citations

Diltiazem Improves Cardiac Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

1996 • 86 citations

A controlled trial of verapamil in patients after acute myocardial infarction: Results of the calcium antagonist reinfarction italian study (CRIS)

1996 • 82 citations

Calcium channel blockers, apoptosis and cancer: is there a biologic relationship?

1999 • 81 citations

Effects of Calcium Antagonists on the Risks of Coronary Heart Disease, Cancer and Bleeding

1997 • 80 citations

Hypertension, Diuretics, and Antihypertensive Medications as Possible Risk Factors for Renal Cell Cancer

1997 • 78 citations

A 12-Month Comparison of ACE Inhibitor and Ca Antagonist Therapy in Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertension. The GLANT Study.

1995 • 67 citations

Calcium channel blockers, cancer incidence, and cancer mortality in a cohort of U.S. women: the nurses' health study.

1998 • 64 citations

Cancer risk of hypertensive patients taking calcium antagonists

1998 • 64 citations

Use of calcium channel blockers and risk of suicide: ecological findings confirmed in population based cohort study

1998 • 61 citations

Double-blind, dose-response, placebo-controlled multicenter study of nisoldipine. A new second-generation calcium channel blocker in angina pectoris.

1991 • 56 citations

Intravenous diltiazem in acute myocardial infarction

1998 • 51 citations

Use of Calcium Channel Blockers and Risk of Hospitalized Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding

2000 • 50 citations

Adenosine echocardiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease

1997 • 50 citations

Short-Acting Nifedipine and Diltiazem Do Not Reduce the Incidence of Cardiac Events in Patients With Healed Myocardial Infarction

1997 • 49 citations

Association Between Various Drugs Used for Hypertension and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction

1995 • 47 citations

Prospective Study of Calcium Channel Blocker Use, Cardiovascular Disease, and Total Mortality Among Hypertensive Women

1998 • 45 citations

Randomised, double-blind trial of intravenous diltiazem versus glyceryl trinitrate for unstable angina pectoris

1995 • 43 citations

Nifedipine in acute myocardial infarction: an assessment of left ventricular function, infarct size, and infarct expansion. A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

1988 • 41 citations

Use of calcium antagonists and need for perioperative transfusion in older patients with hip fracture: observational study

1997 • 40 citations

Comparison of short-term efficacy of diltiazem and propranolol in unstable angina at rest—A randomized trial in 70 patients

1983 • 40 citations

Effect of early treatment with nifedipine in suspected acute myocardial infarction

1986 • 38 citations

Calcium Channel Blocking Agents and Risk of Cancer in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease 11This study was supported by Boehringer-Mannheim Ltd., Mannheim, Germany.

1998 • 38 citations

Exposing patients with chronic, stable, exertional angina to placebo periods in drug trials.

1991 • 36 citations

Association of calcium channel blocker use with increased rate of acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

1997 • 36 citations

Antihypertensive drugs and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding∗∗Access the “Journal Club” discussion of this paper at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ajmselect/

1998 • 36 citations

Case-control study on colon cancer regarding previous diseases and drug intake

1996 • 35 citations

The Calcium Channel Blocker Scare

1995 • 35 citations

Nifedipine and cancer mortality: ten-year follow-up of 2607 patients after acute myocardial infarction.

1998 • 35 citations

Long-term survival after myocardial infarction: relationship with thrombolysis and discharge medication Results of the Augsburg Myocardial Infarction Follow-up Study 1985 to 1993

1996 • 35 citations

Calcium Antagonists and Mortality Risk in Men and Women With Hypertension in the Framingham Heart Study

1998 • 34 citations

Antihypertensive Drugs and Fatal Myocardial Infarction in Persons with Uncomplicated Hypertension

1997 • 34 citations

Calcium channel blocker use and the risk of prostate cancer☆

1998 • 32 citations

No Association between Calcium Channel Blocker Use and Confirmed Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease

1998 • 30 citations

Efficacy and safety of nicardipine for chronic, stable angina pectoris: A multicenter randomized trial

1986 • 30 citations

Myocardial Infarction in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Medicaid Patients Free of Coronary Heart Disease and Treated with Calcium Channel Blockers

1997 • 27 citations

Calcium channel blockers and cancer

2000 • 26 citations

Effect of nifedipine on enzymatically estimated infarct size in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction.

1988 • 25 citations

Outcome With Calcium Channel Antagonists After Myocardial Infarction: A Community-Based Study

1998 • 24 citations

Cohort study on calcium channel blockers, other cardiovascular agents, and the prevalence of depression

1999 • 24 citations

POST‐MARKETING SURVEILLANCE OF LISINOPRIL IN GENERAL PRACTICE IN THE UK

1993 • 22 citations

Use of calcium antagonists and hemoglobin loss in hospitalized elderly patients: A cohort study

2000 • 21 citations

Treatment with calcium antagonists does not increase the risk of fatal or non-fatal cancer in an elderly mid-European population

1998 • 21 citations

Safety of Nifedipine in Patients With Hypertension

1997 • 21 citations

Verapamil and risk of cancer in patients with coronary artery disease

1999 • 19 citations

Current status of calcium channel blockers in patients with cardiovascular disease

1999 • 19 citations

Monotherapy of stable angina with nicardipine hydrochloride: double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study

1989 • 19 citations

Effect of Diltiazem and Low-Dose Aspirin on Platelet Aggregation and ATP Release Induced by Paired Agonists

1993 • 17 citations

Long-term follow-up after early intervention with intravenous diltiazem or intravenous nitroglycerin for unstable angina pectoris

1998 • 17 citations

Incidence of cancer in postmyocardial infarction patients treated with short-acting nifedipine and diltiazem

1999 • 14 citations

A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of the Incidence of Cancer in Randomized, Controlled Trials of Verapamil

1997 • 11 citations

The calcium-channel blocker controversy: historical perspective and important lessons for future pharmacotherapies. An international society of pharmacoepidemiology ?hot topic?

2000 • 6 citations

PROTECT (Prospective Reinfarction Outcomes in the Thrombolytic Era Cardizem CD Trial): a randomized, double-blind clinical trial of diltiazem versus atenolol in secondary prophylaxis post non-Q wave myocardial infarction.

1996 • 3 citations

The calcium channel antagonist debate: recent developments.

1998 • 3 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations

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