Tumor necrosis factor production in the perfused mouse liver and its pharmacological modulation by methylxanthines.

Methods of Enzymatic Analysis

1975 • 20,446 citations

Passive Immunization Against Cachectin/Tumor Necrosis Factor Protects Mice from Lethal Effect of Endotoxin

1985 • 2,380 citations

A highly sensitive cell line, WEHI 164 clone 13, for measuring cytotoxic factor/tumor necrosis factor from human monocytes

1986 • 1,282 citations

Variation in the TNF-α promoter region associated with susceptibility to cerebral malaria

1994 • 1,199 citations

A T cell-dependent experimental liver injury in mice inducible by concanavalin A.

1992 • 1,041 citations

Galactosamine-induced sensitization to the lethal effects of endotoxin.

1979 • 940 citations

Biologically active products of stimulated liver macrophages (Kupffer cells)

1990 • 926 citations

The production of cytokines by polymorphonuclear neutrophils

1995 • 918 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor, Other Cytokines and Disease

1993 • 788 citations

Tumour necrosis factor as immunomodulator and mediator of monocyte cytotoxicity induced by itself, γ-interferon and interleukin-1

1986 • 781 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor (Cachectin) as an Essential Mediator in Murine Cerebral Malaria

1987 • 749 citations

Prostaglandin E2 regulates macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor gene expression.

1988 • 670 citations

Protection against a lethal dose of endotoxin by an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor processing

1994 • 607 citations

Cellular and molecular regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by pentoxofylline

1988 • 564 citations

Lethal toxicity of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor in normal and D-galactosamine-treated mice.

1987 • 560 citations

Inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury

1994 • 550 citations

Dexamethasone and pentoxifylline inhibit endotoxin-induced cachectin/tumor necrosis factor synthesis at separate points in the signaling pathway.

1990 • 509 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-induced hepatocyte apoptosis precedes liver failure in experimental murine shock models.

1995 • 493 citations

Concanavalin A?induced T-cell?Mediated hepatic injury in mice: The role of tumor necrosis factor*1

1995 • 481 citations

Differential modulation of tissue function and therapeutic potential of selective inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase isoenzymes

1991 • 468 citations

Effects of xanthine derivatives on lipolysis and on adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity.

1970 • 462 citations

Release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from macrophages. Enhancement and suppression are dose-dependently regulated by prostaglandin E2 and cyclic nucleotides.

1988 • 397 citations

Requirement for lipopolysaccharide-responsive macrophages in galactosamine-induced sensitization to endotoxin

1986 • 340 citations

Activation of the 55 kDa TNF receptor is necessary and sufficient for TNF-induced liver failure, hepatocyte apoptosis, and nitrite release.

1995 • 332 citations

Tumor necrosis factor is a terminal mediator in galactosamine/endotoxin-induced hepatitis in mice

1989 • 304 citations

Modulation of macrophage functioning abrogates the acute hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen

1995 • 281 citations

Assay of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and resolution of multiple molecular forms of the enzyme.

1979 • 244 citations

Interleukin 12, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha are the key cytokines of the generalized Shwartzman reaction.

1994 • 235 citations

Cyclic nucleotides differentially regulate the synthesis of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta by human mononuclear cells.

1991 • 235 citations

The tissue distribution of tumor necrosis factor biosynthesis during endotoxemia.

1992 • 228 citations

Pentoxifylline in vivo down-regulates the release of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

1994 • 208 citations

Intravenous endotoxin suppresses the cytokine response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy humans.

1993 • 195 citations

Adenosine and a related carbocyclic nucleoside analogue selectively inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and protect mice against endotoxin challenge.

1993 • 192 citations

Nonparenchymal Cells and Hepatotoxicity

1990 • 167 citations

Analogs of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP: General methods of synthesis and the relationship of structure to enzymic activity

1974 • 156 citations

Role of adenylate cyclase in immunologic release of mediators from rat mast cells: agonist and antagonist effects of purine- and ribose-modified adenosine analogs.

1980 • 147 citations

The release of tumor necrosis factor from endotoxin-stimulated rat Kupffer cells is regulated by prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone

1988 • 140 citations

Xanthine derivatives: comparison between suppression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha production and inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase activity.

1993 • 140 citations

Characterization of cAMP-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced TNFα production by rolipram, a specific phosphodiesterase IV (PDE IV) inhibitor

1994 • 136 citations

Differential effects of pentoxifylline on the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by monocytes and T cells.

1992 • 126 citations

Influence of selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors on human neutrophil functions and levels of cAMP and Cai

1991 • 124 citations

Modulation of hepatotoxicity by macrophages in the liver

1988 • 123 citations

Endotoxin and the liver

1978 • 102 citations

The role of tumor necrosis factor-α in acute endotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in ethanol-fed rats

1994 • 102 citations

Use of reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction to evaluatein vivo cytokine gene expression in rats fed ethanol for long periods

1994 • 100 citations

Zardaverine as a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase isozymes

1991 • 97 citations

Cytokine down-regulation in endotoxin tolerance.

1993 • 93 citations

An improved assay of cyclic 3?,5?-nucleotide phosphodiesterases with QAE-Sephadex columns

1980 • 88 citations

Pentoxifylline Prevents Murine Cerebral Malaria

1991 • 84 citations

D-Galactosamine Ire atotoxicit Is Associated With Endotoxin Sensitivity and Mediated by Lymphoreticular Cells in Mice

1985 • 83 citations

Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated release of tumor necrosis factor by adenosine: Evidence for A2 receptors on rat kupffer cells

1994 • 82 citations

Enhanced tumor necrosis factor suppression and cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation by combination of phosphodiesterase inhibitors and prostanoids

1995 • 80 citations

EVIDENCE THAT PENTOXIFYLLINE REDUCES ANTI-CD3 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY-INDUCED CYTOKINE RELEASE SYNDROME

1991 • 80 citations

Immunocytology on microwave-fixed cells reveals rapid and agonist-specific changes in subcellular accumulation patterns for cAMP or cGMP.

1990 • 79 citations

Compartmentalization of Cyclic AMP During Phagocytosis by Human Neutrophilic Granulocytes

1981 • 70 citations

The Effects of Aminophylline and Pentoxifylline on Multiple Organ Damage afterEscherichia coliSepsis

1989 • 69 citations

Pentoxifylline improves survival following hemorrhagic shock

1989 • 68 citations

Down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor expression by pentoxifylline in cancer patients: A pilot study

1993 • 61 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing antibody reduces hepatocyte injury from acute hepatotoxin administration

1994 • 57 citations

Endotoxin-inducible cytotoxicity in liver cell cultures—I

1991 • 56 citations

Evidence for the involvement of a reperfusion injury in galactosamine/endotoxin-induced hepatitis in mice

1987 • 51 citations

The biology and clinical applications of interleukin 2

1990 • 45 citations

D-Galactosamine Liver Injury: Absorption of Endotoxin and Protective Effect of Small Bowel and Colon Resection in Rabbits

1983 • 45 citations

Protection by phosphodiesterase inhibitors against endotoxin-induced liver injury in galactosamine-sensitized mice

1993 • 44 citations

The effect of pentoxifylline in septic shock--new pharmacologic aspects of an established drug.

1989 • 44 citations

PREVENTION OF ORTHOTOPIC LIVER ALLOGRAFT REJECTION IN RATS WITH A SHORT-TERM BREQUINAR SODIUM THERAPY

1994 • 41 citations

Studies on the hepatotoxicity of galactosamine/endotoxin or galactosamine/ TNF in the perfused mouse liver

1990 • 37 citations

Role of Kupffer cells in rat liver injury induced by diethyldithiocarbamate

1995 • 34 citations

Effect of Agents Which Modify Reticuloendothelial System Function on Acute Phalloidin-Induced Lethality and Hepatotoxicity in Mice

1995 • 18 citations

Influence of the Xanthine Derivate HWA 138 on Endotoxin-Related Coagulation Disturbances: Effects in Non-Sensitized vs D-Galactosamine Sensitized Rats

1992 • 14 citations

Role of activated macrophages in augmentation of endotoxin hepatotoxicity

1994 • 7 citations

Solcoseryl prevents inflammatory and hypoxic but not toxic liver damage in rodents

1991 • 7 citations

A novel xanthine derivative counteracting in vivo tumor necrosis factor alpha toxicity in mice.

1992 • 5 citations