Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man

1988 • 5,129 citations

Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms

1994 • 3,265 citations

Pain-related fear is more disabling than pain itself: evidence on the role of pain-related fear in chronic back pain disability

1999 • 1,628 citations

Gabapentin for the Symptomatic Treatment of Painful Neuropathy in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus<SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

1998 • 1,544 citations

Gabapentin for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia<SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

1998 • 1,461 citations

Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: prospective study of 829 patients

1993 • 1,134 citations

Effects of Desipramine, Amitriptyline, and Fluoxetine on Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy

1992 • 1,097 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: changing concepts and taxonomy

1995 • 1,093 citations

Kinesiophobia : a new view of chronic pain behavior

1990 • 1,023 citations

A systematic review of antidepressants in neuropathic pain

1996 • 948 citations

Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Chronic Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

2000 • 855 citations

Anticonvulsant drugs for management of pain: a systematic review

1995 • 711 citations

A critical review of controlled clinical trials for peripheral neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndromes

1997 • 685 citations

The role of fear of movement/(re)injury in pain disability

1995 • 672 citations

External validation of IASP diagnostic criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and proposed research diagnostic criteria

1999 • 608 citations

Lidocaine patch: double-blind controlled study of a new treatment method for post-herpetic neuralgia

1996 • 543 citations

A controlled pilot study of the utility of mirror visual feedback in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (type 1)

2002 • 490 citations

Relief of post-herpetic neuralgia with the Symbol receptor antagonist ketamine: A double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo

1994 • 483 citations

Quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test in normal and neuropathic subjects

1983 • 479 citations

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine is effective in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy symptoms

1990 • 455 citations

Gabapentin in neuropathic pain syndromes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2002 • 427 citations

Deep Brain Stimulation for Intractable Pain: A 15-Year Experience

1997 • 386 citations

Topical application of clonidine relieves hyperalgesia in patients with sympathetically maintained pain

1991 • 385 citations

Complex Regional Pain Syndromes: Guidelines for Therapy

1998 • 376 citations

Complex regional pain syndrome: are the IASP diagnostic criteria valid and sufficiently comprehensive?

1999 • 367 citations

Altered central sensorimotor processing in patients with complex regional pain syndrome

2002 • 358 citations

High‐dose oral dextromethorphan versus placebo in painful diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia

1997 • 357 citations

The movement disorder of reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1990 • 351 citations

Short- and Long-term Outcomes of Children with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I Treated with Exercise Therapy

1999 • 339 citations

Effect of vitamin C on frequency of reflex sympathetic dystrophy in wrist fractures: a randomised trial

1999 • 338 citations

Evidence for local inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome type 1

2002 • 335 citations

Vascular abnormalities in reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS I): mechanisms and diagnostic value

2001 • 321 citations

Neurological findings in complex regional pain syndromes - analysis of 145 cases

2000 • 318 citations

Intrathecal Baclofen for the Treatment of Dystonia in Patients with Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

2000 • 308 citations

Efficacy of desipramine in painful diabetic neuropathy: a placebo-controlled trial

1991 • 302 citations

Topical capsaicin treatment of chronic postherpetic neuralgia

1989 • 295 citations

Systemic Alpha-adrenergic Blockade with Phentolamine

1991 • 294 citations

Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment for complex regional pain syndromes

2002 • 292 citations

An Updated Interdisciplinary Clinical Pathway for CRPS: Report of an Expert Panel

2002 • 289 citations

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram relieves the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy

1992 • 289 citations

Intrathecal MK-801 and local nerve anesthesia synergistically reduce nociceptive behaviors in rats with experimental peripheral mononeuropathy

1992 • 286 citations

Loss of GABA-immunoreactivity in the spinal dorsal horn of rats with peripheral nerve injury and promotion of recovery by adrenal medullary grafts

1996 • 285 citations

Symptomatic treatment of peripheral diabetic neuropathy with carbamazepine (Tegretol�): Double blind crossover trial

1969 • 277 citations

Analysis of Peak Magnitude and Duration of Analgesia Produced by Local Anesthetics Injected into Sympathetic Ganglia of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Patients

1998 • 276 citations

Facilitated neurogenic inflammation in complex regional pain syndrome

2001 • 266 citations

The important role of neuropeptides in complex regional pain syndrome

2001 • 266 citations

Relation between sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity and pain and hyperalgesia in complex regional pain syndromes: a case-control study

2002 • 264 citations

GABA decreases in the spinal cord dorsal horn after peripheral neurectomy

1993 • 262 citations

Prediction of pain in patients with chronic low back pain: Effects of inaccurate prediction and pain-related anxiety

1993 • 256 citations

Long-term results of peripheral nerve stimulation for reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1996 • 252 citations

Psychophysical observations on patients with neuropathic pain relieved by a sympathetic block

1989 • 249 citations

Amitriptyline versus maprotiline in postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial

1992 • 237 citations

Intradermal injection of norepinephrine evokes pain in patients with sympathetically maintained pain

2000 • 228 citations

The Effect of Gabapentin on Neuropathic Pain

1997 • 217 citations

Causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Does the sympathetic nervous system contribute to the generation of pain?

1999 • 215 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the hand: an excessive inflammatory response?

1993 • 215 citations

Quantitative sensory testing, neurophysiological and psychological examination in patients with complex regional pain syndrome and hemisensory deficits

2001 • 214 citations

Epidural Clonidine Treatment for Refractory Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

1993 • 213 citations

Effects of sympathectomy on a rat model of peripheral neuropathy

1993 • 212 citations

Intravenous clodronate in the treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study.

2000 • 211 citations

Complex regional pain syndrome is a disease of the central nervous system

2002 • 210 citations

Bisphosphonate therapy of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome

1997 • 208 citations

Intravenous phentolamine test: diagnostic and prognostic use in reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1991 • 201 citations

Case reports and hypothesis: A neglect-like syndrome may be responsible for the motor disturbance in reflex sympathetic dystrophy (complex regional pain syndrome-1)

1995 • 201 citations

Treatment of acute reflex sympathetic dystrophy with DMSO 50% in a fatty cream

1996 • 199 citations

Intravenous regional sympathetic blockade for pain relief in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: A systematic review and a randomized, double-blind crossover study

1995 • 196 citations

Avoidance and Confrontation of Painful, Back-Straining Movements in Chronic Back Pain Patients

1998 • 195 citations

Vascular Abnormalities in Acute Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (CRPS I)

1999 • 194 citations

Hemisensory impairment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome

1999 • 191 citations

IASP Diagnostic Criteria for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Preliminary Empirical Validation Study

1998 • 188 citations

Effects of sympathectomy in a model of causalgiform pain produced by partial sciatic nerve injury in rats

1991 • 186 citations

Treatment of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (CRPS Type 1)

2001 • 183 citations

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Amelioration of Pain With Transcutaneous Electrostimulation

1997 • 179 citations

The effect of adding calcitonin to physical treatment on reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1992 • 178 citations

Pain Mechanisms: A Physiologic Interpretation of Causalgia and its Related States

1944 • 171 citations

Adjuvant physical therapy versus occupational therapy in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy/complex regional pain syndrome type I

2000 • 169 citations

Early and late effects of prolonged topical capsaicin on cutaneous sensibility and neurogenic vasodilatation in humans

1991 • 167 citations

Psychological aspects of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: a review of the adult and paediatric literature

1992 • 165 citations

Defining the Therapeutic Role of Local Anesthetic Sympathetic Blockade in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Narrative and Systematic Review

2002 • 164 citations

Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I

2002 • 163 citations

Concentration–Effect Relationship of Intravenous Lidocaine on the Allodynia of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Types I and II

2000 • 154 citations

Dextrorphan relieves neuropathic heat-evoked hyperalgesia in the rat

1993 • 151 citations

Oral administration of dextromethorphan prevents the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats

1996 • 148 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Early treatment and psychological aspects

1994 • 143 citations

Personality Assessment of Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I

1998 • 143 citations

Complex regional pain syndromes

2001 • 139 citations

Fibromyalgia syndrome, a problem of tautology

1993 • 138 citations

Carbamazepine inhibits spontaneous activity in experimental neuromas

1988 • 138 citations

Double blind study of the effects of diphenylhydantoin sodium on diabetic neuropathy.

1978 • 135 citations

Regional intravenous guanethidine vs. Stellate ganglion block in reflex sympathetic dystrophies: A randomized trial

1983 • 132 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Skin blood flow, sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflexes and pain before and after surgical sympathectomy

1996 • 132 citations

Multiple reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Which patients are at risk for developing a recurrence of reflex sympathetic dystrophy in the same or another limb

1996 • 130 citations

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Levels in Affected Versus Unaffected Limbs in Sympathetically Maintained Pain

1994 • 126 citations

Psychological dysfunction in patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1997 • 123 citations

Treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the hand with an active “stress loading” program

1987 • 123 citations

Sympathetic vasoconstrictor reflex pattern in patients with complex regional pain syndrome

1998 • 122 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy : a reappraisal

1996 • 120 citations

Sudomotor function in sympathetic reflex dystrophy

1997 • 118 citations

THE USE OF NASAL CALCITONIN IN THE TREATMENT OF POST-TRAUMATIC ALGODYSTROPHY

1991 • 117 citations

Intravenous Regional Bretylium and Lidocaine for Treatment of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

1992 • 114 citations

Intravenous Regional Guanethidine in the Treatment of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/Causalgia

1995 • 113 citations

Multifocal or generalized tonic dystonia of complex regional pain syndrome: A distinct clinical entity associated with HLA-DR13

2000 • 110 citations

Predisposing Psychological Factors in the Development of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

1992 • 108 citations

Severe complications of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Infection, ulcers, chronic edema, dystonia, and myoclonus

1998 • 107 citations

Psychological differences between reflex sympathetic dystrophy and non-RSD chronic pain patients

1996 • 105 citations

Validation of Thermography in the Diagnosis of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

1996 • 103 citations

Systemic ketamine attenuates nociceptive behaviors in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy

1996 • 102 citations

Na+ conductance and the threshold for repetitive neuronal firing

1992 • 100 citations

Are We Paying a High Price for Surgical Sympathectomy? A Systematic Literature Review of Late Complications

2000 • 100 citations

Pain mechanisma in causalgia.

1976 • 96 citations

The role of bone scintigraphy in diagnosing reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1995 • 94 citations

Beneficial effects of ketamine in a chronic pain state with allodynia, possibly due to central sensitization

1995 • 93 citations

Increased skin lactate in complex regional pain syndrome: Evidence for tissue hypoxia?

2000 • 92 citations

A portable system for measuring cutaneous thresholds for warming and cooling.

1987 • 91 citations

Sympathectomy for Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy: Factors Affecting Outcome

1994 • 89 citations

Peripheral hyperalgesia in experimental neuropathy: mediation by α2-adrenoreceptors on post-ganglionic sympathetic terminals

1995 • 88 citations

Effects of single and repeated applications of a eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics (EMLA®) cream on spontaneous and evoked pain in post-herpetic neuralgia

1999 • 85 citations

Topical 0.025% capsaicin in chronic post-herpetic neuralgia: efficacy, predictors of response and long-term course

1991 • 84 citations

Ketanserin in reflex sympathetic dystrophy. A double-blind placebo controlled cross-over trial

1989 • 80 citations

REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY

1997 • 80 citations

Phentolamine sympathetic block in painful polyneuropathies

1994 • 74 citations

Surgical sympathectomy for reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndromes

2002 • 71 citations

Factors affecting the sensitivity and specificity of the three-phase technetium bone scan in the diagnosis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in the upper extremity

1989 • 69 citations

Phenytoin suppresses spontaneous ectopic discharge in rat sciatic nerve neuromas

1985 • 68 citations

Calcitonin and reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome

1986 • 67 citations

Intravenous regional guanethidine blockade in the treatment of post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (algodystrophy) of the hand

2002 • 67 citations

Cost-effectiveness analysis of adjuvant physical or occupational therapy for patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy

1999 • 66 citations

Normal sympathetic nerve activity in a reflex sympathetic dystrophy with marked skin vasoconstriction

1992 • 64 citations

Sympathetic innervation and function in reflex sympathetic dystrophy

2000 • 64 citations

Electrical spinal cord stimulation in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: retrospective analysis of 23 patients

1999 • 61 citations

Thirteen consecutive well-designed randomized trials show that antidepressants reduce pain in diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia

1995 • 58 citations

Long-term outcome following sympathectomy for complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (RSD)

1997 • 58 citations

Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) in the Treatment of Postherpetic Pain

1989 • 55 citations

Traitement des douleurs post-zostériennes par le tramadol

1997 • 54 citations

Ultrasound treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

1987 • 53 citations

Proximal Myofascial Dysfunction in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Prevalence Study

1999 • 48 citations

Diagnostic criteria for migraine. A validity study.

1994 • 46 citations

Treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy using the stress-loading program

1988 • 46 citations

Gabapentin for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: a Randomized Controlled Study

1999 • 46 citations

LIVINGSTON, LIEUTENANT COMMANDER W. K.: Pain Mechanisms. A Physiologic Interpretation of Causalgia and Its Related States. New York, MacMillan Company, 1943.

1944 • 45 citations

[Comparison of manual lymph drainage with physical therapy in complex regional pain syndrome, type I. A comparative randomized controlled therapy study].

2000 • 41 citations

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the left hand and motor impairments of the unaffected right hand: Impaired central motor processing?

2002 • 39 citations

Intravenous Regional Droperidol in the Management of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

1988 • 38 citations

Innervation of Hyperalgesic Skin in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

1996 • 37 citations

Piroxicam may reduce the rate of progression of experimental diabetic neuropathy

1990 • 36 citations

Screening of Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome for Antecedent Infections

2001 • 35 citations

Diabetic complications in lens and nerve and their prevention by sulindac or sorbinil: two novel aldose reductase inhibitors.

1983 • 33 citations

Gabapentin: A new tool in the treatment of neuropathic pain

1999 • 29 citations

Scintigraphic evaluation of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: comparative study of the course of the disease under two therapeutic regimens

1987 • 29 citations

The use of opioids in treatment of chronic pain: an examination of the ongoing controversy

1997 • 24 citations

Does Peri-Operative Guanethidine Prevent Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy?

1995 • 24 citations

Technique and early results of videoscopic lumbar sympathectomy.

1996 • 20 citations

Pain, psychological status, and functional recovery in chronic pain patients on daily opioids: a case comparison

1997 • 17 citations

Early and Late Effects of Prolonged Topical Capsaicin on Cutaneous Sensibility and Neurogenic Vasodilation in Humans

1992 • 15 citations

Intravenous Regional Sympathetic Blocks

1990 • 14 citations