The MEK Kinase Activity of the Catalytic Domain of RAF-1 Is Regulated Independently of Ras Binding in T Cells

Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase raf

1993 • 1,983 citations

cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase

1993 • 1,858 citations

The regulation of transcription by phosphorylation

1992 • 1,316 citations

Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase

1992 • 1,308 citations

Protein kinase Cα activates RAF-1 by direct phosphorylation

1993 • 1,282 citations

Requirement for Ras in Raf activation is overcome by targeting Raf to the plasma membrane

1994 • 1,012 citations

Complexes of Ras⋅GTP with Raf-1 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase

1993 • 987 citations

Phosphorylation of transcription factor p62TCF by MAP kinase stimulates ternary complex formation at c-fos promoter

1992 • 980 citations

Activation of Raf as a Result of Recruitment to the Plasma Membrane

1994 • 979 citations

Inhibition by cAMP of Ras-Dependent Activation of Raf

1993 • 955 citations

ras mediates nerve growth factor receptor modulation of three signal-transducing protein kinases: MAP kinase, Raf-1, and RSK

1992 • 948 citations

Inhibition of the EGF-Activated MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway by Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate

1993 • 939 citations

JNK is involved in signal integration during costimulation of T lymphocytes

1994 • 929 citations

Effects of the tumour promoter okadaic acid on intracellular protein phosphorylation and metabolism

1989 • 848 citations

Activation of the MAP kinase pathway by the protein kinase raf

1992 • 816 citations

Inhibition of NIH 3T3 Cell Proliferation by a Mutant ras Protein with Preferential Affinity for GDP

1988 • 757 citations

Direct interaction of Ras and the amino-terminal region of Raf-1 in vitro

1993 • 730 citations

Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase by v-Raf in NIH 3T3 Cells and in Vitro

1992 • 691 citations

Requirement for c-ras proteins during viral oncogene transformation

1986 • 680 citations

Complex formation between RAS and RAF and other protein kinases.

1993 • 633 citations

Phosphorylation at threonine-235 by a ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is essential for transcription factor NF-IL6.

1993 • 587 citations

Direct activation of the serine/threonine kinase activity of raf-1 through tyrosine phosphorylation by the PDGF β-receptor

1989 • 513 citations

Regulation and properties of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 in vitro.

1993 • 503 citations

MAPKAP kinase-2; a novel protein kinase activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase.

1992 • 486 citations

Structure and biological activity of v-raf, a unique oncogene transduced by a retrovirus.

1983 • 485 citations

Signal transduction from membrane to cytoplasm: growth factors and membrane-bound oncogene products increase Raf-1 phosphorylation and associated protein kinase activity.

1988 • 458 citations

Serum-, TPA-, and Ras-induced expression from Ap-1/Ets-driven promoters requires Raf-1 kinase.

1992 • 453 citations

Involvement of p21ras in activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2

1992 • 403 citations

cAMP antagonizes p21ras-directed activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and phosphorylation of mSos nucleotide exchange factor.

1993 • 362 citations

Critical tyrosine residues regulate the enzymatic and biological activity of Raf-1 kinase.

1993 • 345 citations

Identification of the major phosphorylation sites of the Raf-1 kinase

1993 • 337 citations

Xenopus MAP kinase activator: identification and function as a key intermediate in the phosphorylation cascade.

1992 • 264 citations

The native structure of the activated Raf protein kinase is a membrane-bound multi-subunit complex.

1994 • 261 citations

Role of Raf-1 serine/threonine protein kinase in growth factor signal transduction.

1991 • 248 citations

Definition of the human raf amino-terminal regulatory region by deletion mutagenesis.

1989 • 240 citations

Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation by oncogenes, serum, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate requires Raf and is necessary for transformation.

1994 • 237 citations

Purification of a murine protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates the Erk-1 gene product: relationship to the fission yeast byr1 gene product.

1992 • 236 citations

Mutational Activation of c-raf-1 and Definition of the Minimal Transforming Sequence

1990 • 232 citations

A phosphorylation site located in the NH2-terminal domain of c-Myc increases transactivation of gene expression.

1991 • 231 citations

Evidence for a Ras-dependent extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) cascade.

1992 • 219 citations

A protein kinase similar to MAP kinase activator acts downstream of the raf kinase in Drosophila

1993 • 217 citations

Raf-1 protein kinase activates the NF-kappa B transcription factor by dissociating the cytoplasmic NF-kappa B-I kappa B complex.

1993 • 209 citations

Human T-cell mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases are related to yeast signal transduction kinases.

1992 • 202 citations

The cysteine-rich region of raf-1 kinase contains zinc, translocates to liposomes, and is adjacent to a segment that binds GTP-ras

1994 • 202 citations

cDNA cloning of MAP kinase kinase reveals kinase cascade pathways in yeasts to vertebrates.

1993 • 179 citations

Critical binding and regulatory interactions between Ras and Raf occur through a small, stable N-terminal domain of Raf and specific Ras effector residues.

1994 • 175 citations

Interleukin 2 induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of p72-74 Raf-1 kinase in a T-cell line.

1991 • 165 citations

Insulin activates the kinase activity of the Raf-1 proto-oncogene by increasing its serine phosphorylation.

1990 • 148 citations

T cell antigen receptor engagement stimulates c-raf phosphorylation and induces c-raf-associated kinase activity via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway.

1990 • 147 citations

Both p21ras and pp60v-src are required, but neither alone is sufficient, to activate the Raf-1 kinase.

1992 • 142 citations

raf Family Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases in Mitogen Signal Transduction

1988 • 124 citations

Raf-1 forms a stable complex with Mek1 and activates Mek1 by serine phosphorylation.

1993 • 121 citations

Mitogen-activated Swiss mouse 3T3 RSK kinases I and II are related to pp44mpk from sea star oocytes and participate in the regulation of pp90rsk activity.

1991 • 118 citations

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates association and kinase activity of Raf-1 with the EGF receptor.

1991 • 115 citations

Expression of raf oncogenes activates the PEA1 transcription factor motif.

1989 • 101 citations

Activation of human raf transforming genes by deletion of normal amino-terminal coding sequences.

1987 • 95 citations

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases in T cells. Anti-CD3 and 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced phosphorylation and activation.

1992 • 93 citations

Detection of the myristylated gag-raf transforming protein with raf-specific antipeptide sera

1985 • 87 citations

Phosphorylation of the TAL1 oncoprotein by the extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinase ERK1.

1993 • 78 citations

Raf-1 is required for T cell IL2 production.

1993 • 78 citations

Coordinate regulation of pp90rsk and a distinct protein-serine/threonine kinase activity that phosphorylates recombinant pp90rsk in vitro.

1991 • 70 citations

Acetylcholine muscarinic m1 receptor regulation of cyclic AMP synthesis controls growth factor stimulation of Raf activity.

1994 • 62 citations

Characterization of a 78-residue fragment of c-Raf-1 that comprises a minimal binding domain for the interaction with Ras-GTP.

1994 • 58 citations

Rapid activation of C-Raf-1 after stimulation of the T-cell receptor or the muscarinic receptor type 1 in resting T cells.

1993 • 40 citations

New Perspectives on Raf-1: The Involvement of p21ras in the Activation of Raf-1 and a Potential Role for Raf-1 in Events Occurring Later in the Cell Cycle

1991 • 8 citations