The S100 protein family: History, function, and expression

Brain interleukin 1 and S-100 immunoreactivity are elevated in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease.

1989 • 1,752 citations

A soluble protein characteristic of the nervous system

1965 • 1,678 citations

Carp Muscle Calcium-binding Protein

1973 • 1,359 citations

Solution structure of a calmodulin-target peptide complex by multidimensional NMR

1992 • 1,258 citations

Cyclic AMP and the induction of eukaryotic gene transcription.

1988 • 1,041 citations

Target Enzyme Recognition by Calmodulin: 2.4 Å Structure of a Calmodulin-Peptide Complex

1992 • 1,031 citations

The calcium and magnesium binding sites on troponin and their role in the regulation of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase.

1975 • 917 citations

CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE HELIX-LOOP-HELIX CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS

1989 • 855 citations

How calmodulin binds its targets: sequence independent recognition of amphiphilic α-helices

1990 • 839 citations

Two calcium-binding proteins in infiltrate macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis

1987 • 668 citations

The S100 protein family

1988 • 492 citations

Aggregation of chromaffin granules by calpactin at micromolar levels of calcium

1988 • 443 citations

Vitamin D-Dependent Calcium Binding Proteins: Chemistry, Distribution, Functional Considerations, and Molecular Biology*

1989 • 428 citations

Changes in Ca2+-binding proteins in human neurodegenerative disorders

1992 • 413 citations

Molecular Cloning, Occurrence, and Expression of a Novel Partially Secreted Protein “Psoriasin” That Is Highly Up-Regulated in Psoriatic Skin

1991 • 410 citations

MRP-8 and MRP-14, two abundant Ca2+-binding proteins of neutrophils and monocytes

1993 • 388 citations

Purification and characterization of a neurite extension factor from bovine brain.

1985 • 378 citations

Calcium-dependent phospholipid- (and membrane-) binding proteins

1988 • 378 citations

Multifactorial analysis of p53 alteration in human cancer: A review

1994 • 359 citations

The refined structure of vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein from bovine intestine. Molecular details, ion binding, and implications for the structure of other calcium-binding proteins.

1986 • 340 citations

Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family

1995 • 332 citations

Neurotrophic protein S100 beta stimulates glial cell proliferation.

1991 • 326 citations

The Amino‐Acid Sequence of S‐100 Protein (PAP I‐b Protein) and Its Relation to the Calcium‐Binding Proteins

1978 • 323 citations

Isolation and characterization of a gene specifically expressed in different metastatic cells and whose deduced gene product has a high degree of homology to a Ca2+-binding protein family.

1989 • 302 citations

Characterization of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as a protein kinase C substrate and a S100b-binding protein.

1992 • 289 citations

Perspectives in S-100 protein biology

1991 • 277 citations

The Amino‐Acid Sequence of the α Subunit in Bovine Brain S‐100a Protein

1981 • 273 citations

Neurite extension and neuronal survival activities of recombinant S100 beta proteins that differ in the content and position of cysteine residues.

1989 • 269 citations

Amino-terminal sequence of p36 and associated p10: identification of the site of tyrosine phosphorylation and homology with S-100.

1985 • 268 citations

Molecular cloning of the cDNA for a growth factor-inducible gene with strong homology to S-100, a calcium-binding protein.

1986 • 265 citations

A single locus in the mouse encodes both myosin light chains 1 and 3, a second locus corresponds to a related pseudogene

1984 • 256 citations

The regulatory chain in the p36-kd substrate complex of viral tyrosine-specific protein kinases is related in sequence to the S-100 protein of glial cells.

1985 • 252 citations

Cloning and expression of two human genes encoding calcium-binding proteins that are regulated during myeloid differentiation.

1988 • 224 citations

A clue to the basic defect in cystic fibrosis from cloning the CF antigen gene

1987 • 220 citations

Ions binding to S100 proteins. I. Calcium- and zinc-binding properties of bovine brain S100 alpha alpha, S100a (alpha beta), and S100b (beta beta) protein: Zn2+ regulates Ca2+ binding on S100b protein.

1986 • 217 citations

Increased S100β neurotrophic activity in Alzheimer's disease temporal lobe

1992 • 214 citations

Ca2+-dependent high-affinity complex formation between calmodulin and melittin

1983 • 191 citations

Interactions between the microtubule-associated tau proteins and S100b regulate tau phosphorylation by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.

1988 • 189 citations

Six S100 genes are clustered on human chromosome 1q21: identification of two genes coding for the two previously unreported calcium-binding proteins S100D and S100E.

1993 • 181 citations

Characterization of the human epidermal profilaggrin gene. Genomic organization and identification of an S-100-like calcium binding domain at the amino terminus.

1992 • 169 citations

APPEARANCE OF A BRAIN SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (THE S‐100 PROTEIN) DURING HUMAN FOETAL DEVELOPMENT¹

1970 • 168 citations

S100P, a novel Ca²⁺ ‐binding protein from human placenta

1992 • 162 citations

Down-regulation of a member of the S100 gene family in mammary carcinoma cells and reexpression by azadeoxycytidine treatment.

1992 • 161 citations

The structure of human trichohyalin. Potential multiple roles as a functional EF-hand-like calcium-binding protein, a cornified cell envelope precursor, and an intermediate filament-associated (cross-linking) protein

1993 • 160 citations

Binding of pEL98 protein, an S100-related calcium-binding protein, to nonmuscle tropomyosin

1994 • 157 citations

High affinity binding of the mastoparans by calmodulin

1983 • 154 citations

Calcium binding to complexes of calmodulin and calmodulin binding proteins

1985 • 152 citations

Inhibition by calmodulin of calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein phosphorylation.

1984 • 151 citations

Identification of a chemotactic domain of the pro-inflammatory S100 protein CP-10.

1993 • 149 citations

Nerve growth factor induces the genes for two proteins related to a family of calcium-binding proteins in PC12 cells.

1988 • 148 citations

Glial Cytokines as Neuropathogenic Factors in HIV Infection

1994 • 147 citations

Chapter 14 S100β as a neurotrophic factor

1990 • 141 citations

Evidence of a role for calmodulin in the regulation of calcium release from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum

1986 • 139 citations

Antisense inhibition of glial S100 beta production results in alterations in cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and cell proliferation.

1990 • 136 citations

Identification of a molecular target for the calcium-modulated protein S100. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase.

1986 • 136 citations

Expression of Ca²⁺‐binding proteins of the S100 family in malignant human breast‐cancer cell lines and biopsy samples

1994 • 134 citations

Structural and functional analysis of a growth-regulated gene, the human calcyclin.

1987 • 134 citations

Vitamin D-Induced Calcium Binding Factor in Rat Intestinal Mucosa.

1967 • 131 citations

The amino acid sequence of bovine intestinal calcium-binding protein.

1981 • 129 citations

Profilaggrin is a Major Epidermal Calcium-Binding Protein

1993 • 123 citations

Trimethyllysine and protein function. Effect of methylation and mutagenesis of lysine 115 of calmodulin on NAD kinase activation.

1986 • 120 citations

lonomycin-regulated phosphorylation of the myeloid calcium-binding protein p14

1989 • 118 citations

Disulfide-linked S100β dimers and signal transduction

1992 • 116 citations

Molecular cloning and the complete nucleotide sequence of cDNA to mRNA for S-100 protein of rat brain

1984 • 116 citations

S-100 protein, but not calmodulin, binds to the glial fibrillary acidic protein and inhibits its polymerization in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner

1993 • 113 citations

Calcium-binding proteins: basic concepts and clinical implications.

1992 • 111 citations

A growth-related mRNA in cultured mouse cells encodes a placental calcium binding protein

1987 • 109 citations

The Leucocyte L1 Protein: Identity with the Cystic Fibrosis Antigen and the Calcium‐Binding MRP‐8 and MRP‐14 Macrophage Components

1988 • 109 citations

Cell interactions and gap junctions

1989 • 107 citations

Profilaggrin is a major epidermal calcium-binding protein.

1993 • 107 citations

Molecular cloning and sequence of the gene for p9Ka a cultured myoepithelial cell protein with strong homology to S-100, a calcium-binding protein

1987 • 105 citations

Isolation of a new member of the S100 protein family: amino acid sequence, tissue, and subcellular distribution.

1989 • 95 citations

Sequence of rat intestinal vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein derived from a cDNA clone. Evolutionary implications.

1983 • 93 citations

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a highly conserved, putative calcium binding protein, identified by an anti-prolactin receptor antiserum.

1988 • 89 citations

The brain protein S-100ab induces apoptosis in PC12 cells

1994 • 87 citations

Psoriasin Binds Calcium and Is Upregulated by Calcium to Levels that Resemble Those Observed in Normal Skin

1994 • 86 citations

Metastasis associated MTS1 and NM23 genes affect tubulin polymerisation in B16 melanomas: a possible mechanism of their regulation of metastatic behaviour of tumours.

1993 • 85 citations

Cloning of the Sequences Expressed Abundantly in Established Cell Lines: Identification of a cDNA Clone Highly Homologous to S-100, a Calcium Binding Protein1

1988 • 84 citations

S100.alpha., CAPL, and CACY: molecular cloning and expression analysis of three calcium-binding proteins from human heart

1992 • 84 citations

Prenatal cocaine decreases the trophic factor S-100β and induced microcephaly: Reversal by postnatal 5-HT1A receptor agonist

1994 • 82 citations

Calcyclin as a marker of human epithelial cells and fibroblasts

1992 • 82 citations

Effects of antisera to S-100 protein and to synaptic membrane fraction on maze performance and EEG

1976 • 78 citations

The EF-Hand, Homologs and Analogs

1991 • 77 citations

Cloning and expression of the human S100 beta gene.

1990 • 76 citations

Tissue distribution of rat S100 alpha and S100 beta and S100-binding proteins

1987 • 76 citations

Purification and properties of a novel Ca2+-binding protein (10.5 kDa) from Ehrlich-ascites-tumour cells

1987 • 76 citations

Phosphorylation of caldesmon by protein kinase C

1985 • 74 citations

Physicochemical and optical studies on the calcium- and potassium-induced conformational changes in bovine brain S-100b protein

1982 • 73 citations

A role of calcyclin, a Ca(2+)-binding protein, on the Ca(2+)-dependent insulin release from the pancreatic beta cell.

1994 • 72 citations

Developmental Changes of S-100 Protein and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in the Brain in Down Syndrome

1993 • 72 citations

The S-100 protein causes an increase of intracellular calcium and death of PC12 cells

1993 • 71 citations

Activation of four enzymes by two series of calmodulin mutants with point mutations in individual Ca2+ binding sites.

1993 • 69 citations

Purification and characterization of a new member of the S-100 protein family from human placenta

1992 • 69 citations

Spectral studies on the calcium binding properties of bovine brain S-100b protein

1983 • 68 citations

Interaction of calmodulin and other calcium-modulated proteins with mammalian and arthropod junctional membrane proteins

1985 • 68 citations

Analysis of the calcium-modulated proteins, S100 and calmodulin, and their target proteins during C6 glioma cell differentiation.

1989 • 65 citations

Expression of the gene encoding the β-subunit of S-100 protein in the developing rat brain analyzed by in situ hybridization

1989 • 63 citations

Related calcium-binding proteins map to the same subregion of chromosome 1q and to an extended region of synteny on mouse chromosome 3

1990 • 62 citations

Gene structure of calcium‐dependent protease retains the ancestral organization of the calcium‐binding protein gene

1986 • 60 citations

Inducible expression of calcyclin, a gene with strong homology to S-100 protein, during neuroblastoma cell differentiation and its prevalent expression in Schwann-like cell lines.

1991 • 59 citations

Purification, characterization, and partial sequence analysis of a newly identified EF-hand type 13-kDa Ca(2+)-binding protein from smooth muscle and non-muscle tissues.

1991 • 59 citations

The rat vitamin‐D‐dependent calcium‐binding protein (9‐kDa CaBP) gene

1988 • 59 citations

Glial-derived S100b protein selectively inhibits recombinant β protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation of neuron-specific protein F1/GAP43

1994 • 56 citations

Tissue specific distribution of calcyclin — 10.5 kDa Ca²⁺ ‐binding protein

1989 • 54 citations

Female transgenic mice carrying multiple copies of the human gene for S100β are hyperactive

1993 • 54 citations

Novel Calcium-Binding Proteins: Fundamentals and Clinical Implications

2011 • 54 citations

S‐100a₀ protein stimulates Ca²⁺ ‐induced Ca²⁺ release from isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles

1989 • 53 citations

Calvasculin, an encoded protein from mRNA termed pEL-98, 18A2, 42A, or p9Ka, is secreted by smooth muscle cells in culture and exhibits Ca(2+)-dependent binding to 36-kDa microfibril-associated glycoprotein.

1992 • 52 citations

Two-dimensional 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of the Half-saturated (Ca2+)1 State of Calbindin D9k

1993 • 51 citations

Isolation and characterization of a calcium-binding protein derived from mRNA termed p9Ka, pEL-98, 18A2, or 42A by the newly synthesized vasorelaxant W-66 affinity chromatography

1992 • 48 citations

Organization, sequence, and expression of the murine S100 beta gene. Transcriptional regulation by cell type-specific cis-acting regulatory elements.

1993 • 48 citations

Isolation of a rat S100α cDNA and distribution of its mRNA in rat tissues

1991 • 46 citations

Phosphorylation of smooth muscle caldesmon by three protein kinases: Implication for domain mapping

1988 • 46 citations

Isolation and spectral studies on the calcium binding properties of bovine brain S-100a protein

1983 • 46 citations

Three-dimensional solution structure of calcium-loaded porcine calbindin D9k determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1992 • 44 citations

S100a₀ (αα) Protein, a Calcium‐Binding Protein, Is Localized in the Slow‐Twitch Muscle Fiber

1987 • 44 citations

Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for a new member of the S100 protein family from porcine cardiac muscle

1991 • 43 citations

S100 protein expression in human melanoma cells: Comparison of levels of expression among different cell lines and individual cells in different phases of the cell cycle

1990 • 41 citations

Studies on the α-subunit of bovine brain S-100 protein

1984 • 41 citations

Differential regulation of S100β and mRNAS coding for S100‐like proteins (42A and 42C) during development and after lesion of rat sciatic nerve

1991 • 40 citations

Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of human calbindin-D9K

1992 • 39 citations

Binding study of metal ions to S100 protein: 43Ca, 25Mg, 67Zn and 39K n.m.r.

1992 • 38 citations

Examination of the calcium‐modulated protein S100α and its target proteins in adult and developing skeletal muscle

1991 • 37 citations

Identification of an S100 target protein: glycogen phosphorylase

1993 • 37 citations

Inhibition of adipose S-100 protein release by insulin

1985 • 35 citations

Inhibition of protein kinase C- and casein kinase II-mediated phosphorylation of GAP-43 by S100β

1994 • 34 citations

Analysis of S100A1 Expression During Skeletal Muscle and Neuronal Cell Differentiation

1995 • 34 citations

S-100 protein binds to annexin II and p11, the heavy and light chains of calpactin I

1992 • 34 citations

Interaction of smooth muscle calponin with phospholipids

1995 • 34 citations

Immunoreactivity of S100 beta in heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney in chronic lung disease: possible induction by cAMP.

1991 • 33 citations

Refined sublocalization of the human gene encoding the β subunit of the S100 protein (S100B) and confirmation of a subtle t(9;21) translocation using in situ hybridization

1989 • 32 citations

Molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding a new calcium binding protein, named calgizzarin, from rabbit lung

1991 • 30 citations

[19] Isolation and structural analysis of the chromosomal gene for chicken calmodulin

1987 • 27 citations

Cloning and characterization of the human gene encoding p11: structural similarity to other members of the S-100 gene family

1992 • 26 citations

Structure and chromosome assignment of human S100 α and β subunit genes

1991 • 25 citations

The Ca2+-binding sequence in bovine brain S100b protein β-subunit. A spectroscopic study

1989 • 25 citations

S‐100b protein regulates the activity of skeletal muscle adenylate cyclase in vitro

1988 • 25 citations

Extracellular Proteases and S100 Protein in Long-Term Potentiation in the Dentate Gyrus of the Anaesthetized Rat

1990 • 24 citations

Purification and primary structure of Capl, an S-100-related calcium-binding protein isolated from bovine retina.

1994 • 23 citations

The solution structures of mutant calbindin D9k's, as determined by NMR, show that the calcium binding site can adopt different folds

1993 • 22 citations

DNase I-hypersensitive sites are associated, in a tissue-specific manner, with expression of the calbindin-D9k-encoding gene

1991 • 21 citations

S100 protein and down syndrome

1990 • 20 citations

Interaction of smooth muscle caldesmon with phospholipids

1990 • 18 citations

Perchloroethylene‐Induced Reduction in Glial and Neuronal Cell Marker Proteins in Rat Brain

1993 • 16 citations

High levels of S-100a0 (alpha alpha) protein in tumor tissues and in sera of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

1985 • 14 citations

S-100 antigen and calmodulin in human leukemic cells

1989 • 11 citations

Increase in S-100b protein content in thyroid carcinoma

1987 • 11 citations

Structural and ion-binding properties of an S100b protein mixed disulfide: Comparison with the reappraised native S100b protein properties

1990 • 11 citations

Conformation and dynamics of bovine brain S-100a protein determined by fluorescence spectroscopy

1992 • 10 citations

cDNA Sequence of human p11 calpactin I light chain

1992 • 9 citations

Structure and expression of rat S-100 β subunit gene

1991 • 9 citations

Interactions of S100 Proteins with Proteins Kinase Substrates. Biological Implication

1990 • 9 citations

Crystallization and Preliminary X-ray Analysis of apo-S100β and S100β with Ca2+

1994 • 5 citations

Quantitative alterations of S-100 protein and neuron specific enolase in the rat nervous system after chronic 2,5-hexanedione exposure

1993 • 5 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations