Evolution by the birth-and-death process in multigene families of the vertebrate immune system

A novel MHC class I–like gene is mutated in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis

1996 • 3,682 citations

Somatic generation of antibody diversity

1983 • 3,275 citations

Pattern of nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class I loci reveals overdominant selection

1988 • 1,968 citations

Natural history of the major histo-compatibility complex

1987 • 1,274 citations

Evolution of genes and proteins.

1983 • 1,224 citations

Human fetal gγ- and Aγ-globin genes: Complete nucleotide sequences suggest that DNA can be exchanged between these duplicated genes

1980 • 947 citations

Population Biology of Antigen Presentation by MHC Class I Molecules

1996 • 652 citations

Continental breakup and the ordinal diversification of birds and mammals

1996 • 536 citations

Rapid duplication and loss of genes coding for the alpha chains of hemoglobin.

1980 • 531 citations

The natural history of the major histocompatibility complex

1987 • 468 citations

Somatic hyperconversion diversifies the single VH gene of the chicken with a high incidence in the D region

1989 • 467 citations

THE ORGANIZATION, EXPRESSION, AND EVOLUTION OF ANTIBODY GENES AND OTHER MULTIGENE FAMILIES

1975 • 446 citations

Unequal Crossover and the Evolution of Multigene Families

1974 • 360 citations

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS IN MOLECULAR EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS

1996 • 336 citations

Structure and physical map of 64 variable segments in the 3′ 0.8–megabase region of the human immunoglobulin heavy–chain locus

1993 • 332 citations

Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex.

1986 • 326 citations

Organization and evolution of the class I gene family in the major histocompatibility complex of the C57BL/10 mouse

1984 • 323 citations

?Both man & bird & beast?: comparative organization of MHC genes

1995 • 307 citations

Evolution of Class-I MHC Genes and Proteins: From Natural Selection to Thymic Selection

1990 • 286 citations

The structure of a mutant H–2 gene suggests that the generation of polymorphism in H–2 genes may occur by gene conversion-like events

1983 • 277 citations

Hierarchical Control of Lymphocyte Survival

1996 • 255 citations

New recombinant HLA-B alleles in a tribe of South American Amerindians indicate rapid evolution of MHC class I loci

1992 • 251 citations

A map of the human immunoglobulin VH locus completed by analysis of the telomeric region of chromosome 14q

1994 • 243 citations

Avian B-Cell Development: Generation of an Immunoglobulin Repertoire by Gene Conversion

1991 • 236 citations

Evolutionary genetics: from molecules to morphology

2001 • 233 citations

Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex: independent origin of nonclassical class I genes in different groups of mammals.

1989 • 228 citations

Divergent evolution and evolution by the birth-and-death process in the immunoglobulin VH gene family.

1994 • 222 citations

Homology Requirement for Efficient Gene Conversion Between Duplicated Chromosomal Sequences in Mammalian Cells

1987 • 207 citations

Sequence and Evolution of the Human Germline VλRepertoire

1996 • 207 citations

Positive darwinian selection observed at the variable-region genes of immunoglobulins.

1989 • 206 citations

The ecology of communal breeding: the case of multiple-queen leptothoracine ants

1994 • 194 citations

On the evolution of multigene families

1983 • 191 citations

Structure and evolution of mammalian V_H families

1990 • 177 citations

Evolution at the molecular level

1991 • 169 citations

Evolution of immunoglobulin V genes: Evidence indicating that recently duplicated human Vκ sequences have diverged by gene conversion

1983 • 165 citations

Gene Duplication and Nucleotide Substitution in Evolution

1969 • 163 citations

Allelic repertoire of the humanMHC class IMICA gene

1996 • 160 citations

Concerted evolution of class I genes in the major histocompatibility complex of murine rodents.

1990 • 125 citations

Exon shuffling in vivo can generate novel HLA class I molecules.

1985 • 121 citations

Immunoglobulin light chain class multiplicity and alternative organizational forms in early vertebrate phylogeny

1994 • 111 citations

Evolutionary relationships of class II major-histocompatibility-complex genes in mammals.

1990 • 101 citations

Expressed swine VH genes belong to a small VH gene family homologous to human VHIII.

1994 • 96 citations

Concerted evolution of ruminant stomach lysozymes. Characterization of lysozyme cDNA clones from sheep and deer.

1990 • 96 citations

Natural selection at the class II major histocompatibility complex loci of mammals

1997 • 82 citations

The conundrum of nonclassical major histocompatibility complex genes.

1994 • 79 citations

Role of diversifying selection and gene conversion in evolution of major histocompatibility complex loci.

1991 • 78 citations

Origin and evolution of HLA class I pseudogenes.

1995 • 73 citations

HLA-AR, an inactivated antigen-presenting locus related to HLA-A. Implications for the evolution of the MHC.

1990 • 67 citations

The sheep Ig variable region repertoire consists of a single VH family.

1996 • 64 citations

Examination of four HLA class I pseudogenes. Common events in the evolution of HLA genes and pseudogenes.

1992 • 63 citations

Molecular cloning of orangutan and gibbon MHC class I cDNA. The HLA-A and -B loci diverged over 30 million years ago.

1992 • 63 citations

The V_χ genes of the L regions and the repertoire of V_χ gene sequences in the human germ line

1993 • 62 citations

Mouse histocompatibility-related genes are not conserved in other mammals.

1985 • 54 citations

Concerted evolution of the immunoglobulin VH gene family.

1984 • 49 citations

Evolution of immunoglobulin VH pseudogenes in chickens.

1995 • 49 citations

Ethnic differences of polymorphism of an immunoglobulin VH3 gene.

1995 • 49 citations

Independent gene duplications, not concerted evolution, explain relationships among class I MHC genes of murine rodents

1991 • 42 citations

MHC class II genes of a marsupial, the red-necked wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus): identification of new gene families.

1991 • 37 citations

The human immunoglobulin κ genes

1995 • 36 citations

Germ line maintenance of the pseudogene donor pool for somatic immunoglobulin gene conversion in chickens.

1993 • 36 citations

Immunoglobulin heavy chain loci of mouse and human

1995 • 36 citations

Latent a1 VH germline genes in an a2a2 rabbit. Evidence for gene conversion at both the germline and somatic levels.

1991 • 30 citations

Structure and organization of pigMHC class IIDRB genes: evidence for genetic exchange between loci

1996 • 26 citations

Ancient interlocus exon exchange in the history of the HLA-A locus.

1989 • 24 citations

Jaw, adaptive immunity and phylogeny of vertebrate antibody VH gene family

1996 • 21 citations

The expressed class II alpha-chain genes of the marsupial major histocompatibility complex belong to eutherian mammal gene families.

1995 • 20 citations

Nucleotide sequence and structural analysis of the rat RT1.E u and RT1.Aw3 l genes, and of genes related to RT1.O and RT1.C

1995 • 18 citations

A complex major histocompatibility complexDlocus variant generated by an unusual recombination mechanism in mice

1997 • 14 citations

Multiplex genotype determination at a DNA sequence polymorphism cluster in the human immunoglobulin heavy-chain region

1995 • 14 citations

PCR strategies for isolation of the 5′ end of an immunoglobulin-encoding bovine cDNA

1995 • 12 citations

Immunoglobulin heavy chain genes of rabbit

1995 • 11 citations

Unconventional B‐Cell Antigens and Human Immune Repertoires^a

1995 • 8 citations

Germ Line Maintenance of the Pseudogene Donor Pool for Somatic Immunoglobulin Gene Conversion in Chickens

1993 • 8 citations