Bioreductive therapies: an overview of drugs and their mechanisms of action

Blood flow, oxygen and nutrient supply, and metabolic microenvironment of human tumors: a review.

1989 • 3,308 citations

Hypoxia-mediated selection of cells with diminished apoptotic potential in solid tumours

1996 • 2,304 citations

Tumor oxygenation predicts for the likelihood of distant metastases in human soft tissue sarcoma.

1996 • 1,183 citations

Role of mitomycin in combination with fluorouracil and radiotherapy, and of salvage chemoradiation in the definitive nonsurgical treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal: results of a phase III randomized intergroup study.

1996 • 1,048 citations

Gene Therapy for Cancer: What Have We Done and Where Are We Going?

1997 • 635 citations

Mitomycins and Porfiromycin: Chemical Mechanism of Activation and Cross-linking of DNA

1964 • 565 citations

SR-4233: A new bioreductive agent with high selective toxicity for hypoxic mammalian cells

1986 • 391 citations

Nitroimidazoles and imaging hypoxia

1995 • 384 citations

Targeting gene expression to hypoxic tumor cells

1997 • 373 citations

Hypoxia and radiation response in human tumors

1996 • 279 citations

Gene therapy for cancer

1994 • 244 citations

Hypoxic Sensitizers: Radiobiological Studies at the Cellular Level

1975 • 205 citations

Mode of Action of Nitrofurazone

1970 • 193 citations

Targeting gene therapy to cancer: a review.

1997 • 186 citations

Increased cell killing by metronidazole and nitrofurazone of hypoxic compared to aerobic mammalian cells.

1976 • 183 citations

Anaerobic bacteria as a gene delivery system that is controlled by the tumor microenvironment

1997 • 173 citations

Selective chemotherapy of noncycling cells in an in vitro tumor model.

1974 • 170 citations

Radiosensitizing and Toxic Effects of the 2-Nitroimidazole Ro-07-0582 in Hypoxic Mammalian Cells

1976 • 169 citations

A new cytotoxic, DNA interstrand crosslinking agent, 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-4-hydroxylamino-2-nitrobenzamide, is formed from 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB 1954) by a nitroreductase enzyme in walker carcinoma cells

1988 • 167 citations

The nitroreductase enzyme in walker cells that activates 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB 1954) to 5-(aziridin-1-YL)-4-hydroxylamino-2-nitrobenzamide is a form of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.6.99.2)

1988 • 147 citations

The Bystander Effect of the Nitroreductase/CB 1954 Enzyme/Prodrug System Is Due to a Cell-Permeable Metabolite

1997 • 140 citations

Chemotherapy as an adjunct to radiation in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: results of the Yale Mitomycin Randomized Trials.

1997 • 140 citations

In situ use of suicide genes for cancer therapy.

1996 • 138 citations

Rationale for the use of aliphatic N-oxides of cytotoxic anthraquinones as prodrug DNA binding agents: a new class of bioreductive agent

1993 • 138 citations

The experimental development of bioreductive drugs and their role in cancer therapy

1993 • 137 citations

2,4-Dinitro-5-ethyleneiminobenzamide (CB 1954): A potent and selective inhibitor of the growth of the Walker carcinoma 256

1969 • 133 citations

The choice of prodrugs for gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy of cancer.

1995 • 131 citations

Unusual oxygen concentration dependence of toxicity of SR-4233, a hypoxic cell toxin.

1993 • 131 citations

Measuring Tumor Hypoxia.

1996 • 131 citations

Chemical modifiers of cancer treatment.

1988 • 127 citations

Mitomycin C: a prototype bioreductive agent.

1994 • 112 citations

Sensitization of colorectal and pancreatic cancer cell lines to the prodrug 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954) by retroviral transduction and expression of the E. coli nitroreductase gene.

1997 • 112 citations

The bioactivation of CB 1954 and its use as a prodrug in antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT)

1993 • 107 citations

The bioactivation of 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954)—II

1992 • 104 citations

Measuring tumor hypoxia

1996 • 104 citations

An experimental and mathematical model for the extravascular transport of a DNA intercalator in tumours

1997 • 89 citations

The reduction of Furacin by cell-free extracts of Furacin-resistant and parent-susceptible strains of Escherichia coli

1957 • 87 citations

Multicellular membranes as an in vitro model for extravascular diffusion in tumours.

1996 • 86 citations

Hypoxia response elements.

1997 • 81 citations

Selective toxicity of nitracrine to hypoxic mammalian cells

1984 • 78 citations

In vivotesting of hypoxic radiosensitizers using the KHT murine tumour assayed by the lung-colony technique

1975 • 73 citations

DNA topoisomerase II-dependent cytotoxicity of alkylaminoanthraquinones and their N-oxides

1997 • 73 citations

Bioreducible mustards: a paradigm for hypoxia-selective prodrugs of diffusible cytotoxins (HPDCs)

1993 • 72 citations

DT-diaphorase: possible roles in cancer chemotherapy and carcinogenesis.

1997 • 72 citations

The expression of bacterial nitroreductase in transgenic mice results in specific cell killing by the prodrug CB1954

1997 • 71 citations

Mustard Prodrugs for Activation by Escherichia coli Nitroreductase in Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy

1997 • 67 citations

Products of reductions of 2-nitroimidazoles

1987 • 65 citations

Molecular Basis of the Catalytic Differences among DT-diaphorase of Human, Rat, and Mouse

1997 • 58 citations

Redox, Radiation, and Reductive Bioactivation

1992 • 57 citations

Adaptation of human tumor cells to tirapazamine under aerobic conditions

1997 • 56 citations

Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy

1994 • 54 citations

Nitro reduction as an electronic switch for bioreductive drug activation.

1997 • 54 citations

The differential cytotoxicity of RSU 1069: Cell survival studies indicating interaction with DNA as a possible mode of action

1986 • 50 citations

Multilayers of Cells Growing on a Permeable Support:An in Vitro Tumour Model

1997 • 50 citations

Prodrugs in cancer chemotherapy

1995 • 47 citations

Hypoxia response elements

2004 • 45 citations

Investigation of alternative prodrugs for use with E. coli nitroreductase in 'suicide gene' approaches to cancer therapy.

1996 • 43 citations

Development, pharmacology, role of DT-diaphorase and prospects of the indoloquinone EO9

1996 • 36 citations

Involvement of DT-diaphorase (EC 1.6.99.2) in the DNA cross-linking and sequence selectivity of the bioreductive anti-tumour agent EO9

1997 • 33 citations

Preparation, toxicity and mutagenicity of 1-methyl-2-nitrosoimidazole

1988 • 31 citations

Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (ADEPT)

1993 • 28 citations

NLA-1 : A 2-nitroimidazole radiosensitizer targeted to DNA by intercalation

1992 • 28 citations

Assessing the bioreductive effectiveness of the nitroimidazole RSU1069 and its prodrug RB6145: with particular reference toin vivo methods of evaluation

1993 • 26 citations

Platinum Complexes with One Radiosensitizing Ligand [PtCl 2 (NH 3 ) (Sensitizer)]: Radiosensitization and Toxicity Studies in Vitro

1987 • 25 citations

Bioreductive agents: a clinical update.

1997 • 24 citations

5-Nitro-4-(N,N-Dimethylaminopropylamino)quinoline (5-Nitraquine), a New DNA-Affinic Hypoxic Cell Radiosensitizer and Bioreductive Agent: Comparison with Nitracrine

1992 • 18 citations

DNA-targeted 2-nitroimidazoles: in vitro and in vivo studies

1994 • 17 citations

Bioreductive drugs in cancer therapy.

1992 • 13 citations

9-[3-(2-Nitro-1-imidazolyl)propylamino]-cyclopenteno[b]quinoline hydrochloride (NLCPQ-1): a novel DNA-affinic bioreductive agent as chemosensitizer. I.

1997 • 11 citations

Quinones as anticancer agents: potential bioreductive alkylating agents.

1974 • 10 citations

Chemical Modifiers of Cancer Treatment

1995 • 6 citations

Workshop report

1989 • 4 citations