Word recognition in early reading: A review of the direct and indirect access hypotheses

Handbook of reading research

1991 • 7,293 citations

The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory

2010 • 6,012 citations

Cognition and Categorization

1979 • 5,148 citations

An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: I. An account of basic findings.

1981 • 4,633 citations

Categorizing sounds and learning to read—a causal connection

1983 • 2,913 citations

Reading Research Advances in Theory and Practice

1985 • 1,615 citations

Learning to Read: The Great Debate

1969 • 1,519 citations

Cognitive processes in spelling

1981 • 1,074 citations

The Psychology and Pedagogy of Reading.

1908 • 1,040 citations

Lexical access in simple reading tasks

1978 • 1,014 citations

The organization and activation of orthographic knowledge in reading aloud.

1979 • 885 citations

Strategies of Information Processing

1980 • 873 citations

Rhyme and Reason in Reading and Spelling

1985 • 851 citations

When does irregular spelling or pronunciation influence word recognition?

1984 • 666 citations

Pre-School Children's Knowledge of English Phonology

1971 • 636 citations

Speech and Language: Advances in Basic Research and Practice

1979 • 620 citations

The Psychology of Reading

1975 • 616 citations

The Structure of English Orthography

1971 • 615 citations

Progress in Learning Disabilities

1982 • 579 citations

An activation–verification model for letter and word recognition: The word-superiority effect.

1982 • 541 citations

Learning to read: an unnatural act

1980 • 522 citations

The time course of phonological code activation in two writing systems

1985 • 509 citations

Literacy, Language, and Learning. The Nature and Consequences of Reading and Writing

1986 • 494 citations

Orthography and Word Recognition in Reading

1983 • 478 citations

Basic Processes in Reading

2017 • 458 citations

Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word-recognition

1974 • 436 citations

An invited article: Phonological recoding and reading acquisition

1983 • 432 citations

Nonanalytic Cognition: Memory, Perception, and Concept Learning

1984 • 431 citations

Movement into Reading: Is the First Stage of Printed Word Learning Visual or Phonetic?

1985 • 424 citations

Learning to Read: The Great Debate

1968 • 419 citations

Children's Reading Problems

1985 • 410 citations

Interactive Processes in Reading

1983 • 368 citations

The Psychology and Pedagogy of Reading.

1908 • 356 citations

Are there independent lexical and nonlexical routes in word processing? An evaluation of the dual-route theory of reading

1985 • 327 citations

When Do Children Begin to Read: An Exploration of Four Year Old Children's Letter and Word Reading Competencies

1980 • 324 citations

Disorders of reading and their implications for models of normal reading.

1981 • 323 citations

Onsets and rimes as units of spoken syllables: Evidence from children

1985 • 322 citations

Printed word learning in beginning readers

1983 • 296 citations

Reading without Semantics

1983 • 288 citations

Phonological recoding and reading.

1981 • 285 citations

Toward a psychology of reading

1978 • 271 citations

Spelling-sound effects in reading: Time-course and decision criteria

1985 • 255 citations

Children’s and adults’ use of spelling-sound information in three reading tasks

1984 • 244 citations

The Acquisition of Symbolic Skills

1983 • 218 citations

One Process, Not Two, in Reading Aloud: Lexical Analogies Do the Work of Non-Lexical Rules

1981 • 214 citations

Beginning reading without phonology

1986 • 206 citations

Acquisition and use of spelling-sound correspondences in reading

1984 • 204 citations

Phonetic analysis of speech and memory codes in beginning readers

1982 • 199 citations

Children’s use of phonological encoding when reading for meaning

1980 • 195 citations

The Psychology of Reading: An Introduction

1984 • 194 citations

Does Environmental Print Identification Lead Children into Word Reading?

1984 • 182 citations

Reading for Meaning: The Effects of Concurrent Articulation

1981 • 173 citations

Language Awareness and Learning to Read

1984 • 172 citations

Orthographic and Word-specific Mechanisms in Children's Reading of Words

1979 • 167 citations

Phonemic-analysis training helps children benefit from spelling-sound rules

1983 • 166 citations

Orthographic and Word-Specific Mechanisms in Children's Reading of Words

1979 • 156 citations

How Orthography Alters Spoken Language Competencies in Children Learning to Read and Spell

1984 • 148 citations

Do alphabet letters help prereaders acquire phonemic segmentation skill?

1983 • 145 citations

Approaching Reading through Invented Spelling.

1976 • 130 citations

Basic processes in reading: Two phonological codes.

1982 • 130 citations

The interaction of pronunciation rules and lexical representations in reading aloud

1985 • 107 citations

Teaching to read, historically considered

1966 • 104 citations

Cognitive Abilities, Conditions of Learning, and the Early Development of Reading Skill

1985 • 104 citations

How Children Get Meaning from Printed Words

1977 • 98 citations

The Effect of Instruction on Pupil Reading Strategies

1974 • 93 citations

From SOFA to LOUCH: Lexical contributions to pseudoword pronunciation

1983 • 86 citations

Speech Processes in Reading

1982 • 78 citations

This and THAP — Constraints on the Pronunciation of New, Written Words

1981 • 66 citations

Tutorial Essays in Psychology

2014 • 64 citations

Sound Priming in Beginning Readers

1984 • 50 citations

Sound Priming in Beginning Readers

1984 • 45 citations

The Nature of Phonological Processing in Oral Reading: Evidence from Surface Dyslexia

1985 • 40 citations

The Effect of Letter-Name Knowledge on Learning to Read

1972 • 39 citations

Reading instruction today.

1979 • 36 citations

Comparisons of Letter Name and Letter Sound Training as Transfer Variables

1972 • 32 citations

Reading instruction today.

1979 • 26 citations

A developmental investigation of selective attention to graphic, phonetic, and semantic information in words

1979 • 20 citations

The Effects of Kindergarten Instruction in Alphabet and Numbers on First Grade Reading

1972 • 18 citations

The Development of Strategies in the Acquisition of Symbolic Skills

1983 • 11 citations

The Effects of Letter Knowledge on Achievement in Reading in the First Grade.

1969 • 8 citations