Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: Regulation by Hormones, Cytokines, and Growth Factors

Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1.

1991 • 3,819 citations

Distribution of androgen and estrogen receptor mRNA‐containing cells in the rat brain: An in situ hybridization study

1990 • 2,107 citations

Detection of mRNAs in sea urchin embryos by in situ hybridization using asymmetric RNA probes

1984 • 1,638 citations

Transcriptional interference between c-Jun and the glucocorticoid receptor: Mutual inhibition of DNA binding due to direct protein-protein interaction

1990 • 1,583 citations

Molecular profile of reactive astrocytes—Implications for their role in neurologic disease

1993 • 1,436 citations

Transcription Factor Interactions: Selectors of Positive or Negative Regulation from a Single DNA Element

1990 • 1,326 citations

Reduction of neurite outgrowth in a model of glial scarring following CNS injury is correlated with the expression of inhibitory molecules on reactive astrocytes

1991 • 1,171 citations

Molecular cloning of APRF, a novel IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 p91-related transcription factor involved in the gp130-mediated signaling pathway

1994 • 1,015 citations

Neurologic disease induced in transgenic mice by cerebral overexpression of interleukin 6.

1993 • 1,009 citations

Different intermediate-sized filaments distinguished by immunofluorescence microscopy.

1978 • 917 citations

Stress, the Aging Brain, and the Mechanisms of Neuron Death

1992 • 788 citations

Autoinduction of transforming growth factor beta 1 is mediated by the AP-1 complex.

1990 • 647 citations

Adrenal hormones suppress cell division in the adult rat dentate gyrus

1992 • 638 citations

A nuclear factor 1 binding site mediates the transcriptional activation of a type I collagen promoter by transforming growth factor-β

1988 • 620 citations

Common DNA binding site for Fos protein complexesand transcription factor AP-1

1988 • 613 citations

Interleukin-1 injected into mammalian brain stimulates astrogliosis and neovascularization

1988 • 587 citations

Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production

1991 • 579 citations

Acute-phase response factor, a nuclear factor binding to acute-phase response elements, is rapidly activated by interleukin-6 at the posttranslational level.

1993 • 543 citations

Analysis of the DNA-binding and activation properties of the human transcription factor AP-2.

1991 • 519 citations

The role of mononuclear phagocytes in wound healing after traumatic injury to adult mammalian brain

1989 • 504 citations

Hippocampal Aging and Adrenocorticoids: Quantitative Correlations

1978 • 486 citations

GFAP promoter directs astrocyte-specific expression in transgenic mice

1994 • 471 citations

Plasticity of Hippocampal Circuitry in Alzheimer's Disease

1985 • 457 citations

TGF-β1 inhibition of transin/stromelysin gene expression is mediated through a fos binding sequence

1990 • 444 citations

Vimentin, the 57 000 molecular weight protein of fibroblast filaments, is the major cytoskeletal component in immature glia.

1981 • 441 citations

Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, colony-stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

1992 • 402 citations

GFAP mRNA increases with age in rat and human brain

1993 • 391 citations

Multiple cis- and trans-acting elements mediate the transcriptional response to phorbol esters

1987 • 379 citations

Basic FGF in adult rat brain: cellular distribution and response to entorhinal lesion and fimbria-fornix transection

1992 • 367 citations

Reactive astrogliosis in the neonatal mouse brain and its modulation by cytokines

1994 • 343 citations

Short-term glucocorticoid manipulations affect neuronal morphology and survival in the adult dentate gyrus

1990 • 336 citations

Induction and regulation of interleukin-6 gene expression in rat astrocytes

1990 • 314 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta suppresses activation and proliferation of microglia in vitro.

1993 • 303 citations

Deposition of Scar Tissue in the Central Nervous System

1983 • 285 citations

The vimentin‐GFA protein transition in rat neuroglia cytoskeleton occurs at the time of myelination

1981 • 268 citations

How embryos work: a comparative view of diverse modes of cell fate specification

1990 • 267 citations

Suppression by antisense mRNA demonstrates a requirement for the glial fibrillary acidic protein in the formation of stable astrocytic processes in response to neurons.

1991 • 241 citations

Enhanced expression of transforming growth factor β1 in the rat brain after a localized cerebral injury

1992 • 220 citations

Dynamic neuronal-glial interactions in hypothalamus and pituitary: Implications for control of hormone synthesis and release

1984 • 212 citations

Autoregulation of tubulin expression is achieved through specific degradation of polysomal tubulin mRNAs

1987 • 206 citations

Brain injury in a dish: a model for reactive gliosis

1994 • 204 citations

Structural Determinants of a Glucocorticoid Receptor Recognition Element

1990 • 201 citations

MAP2 expression and neuritic outgrowth and branching are coregulated through region-specific neuro-astroglial interactions

1987 • 201 citations

Estrogen receptor-immunoreactive glia, endothelia, and ependyma in guinea pig preoptic area and median eminence: electron microscopy.

1992 • 198 citations

TGF‐β1 is an organizer of responses to neurodgeneration

1993 • 198 citations

Expression of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and their respective receptors in the normal rat brain and after injury

1992 • 191 citations

Cyclic AMP-independent ATF family members interact with NF-kappa B and function in the activation of the E-selectin promoter in response to cytokines.

1993 • 191 citations

Cholinergic sprouting in the hippocampus: A proposed role for IL-1

1990 • 187 citations

Gliogenesis in rat spinal cord: Evidence for origin of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes from radial precursors

1988 • 178 citations

Hypertrophy and redistribution of astrocytes in the deafferented dentate gyrus

1976 • 175 citations

TGF-β1 mRNA Increases in Macrophage/Microglial Cells of the Hippocampus in Response to Deafferentation and Kainic Acid-Induced Neurodegeneration

1993 • 174 citations

Age-related changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA in the mouse brain

1991 • 172 citations

Involvement of cytokines in acute neurodegeneration in the CNS

1993 • 169 citations

Multiple interacting sites regulate astrocyte-specific transcription of the human gene for glial fibrillary acidic protein.

1991 • 149 citations

Effects of Neonatal Hypothyroidism on Rat Brain Gene Expression

1991 • 144 citations

The process of reinnervation in the dentate gyrus of adult rats: time course of increases in mRNA for glial fibrillary acidic protein

1990 • 144 citations

Glial cell-specific mechanisms of TGF-β1 induction by IL-1 in cerebral cortex

1993 • 142 citations

Association of poly(A) mRNA with microtubules in cultured neurons

1994 • 135 citations

Type II glucocorticoid receptors are expressed in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes

1990 • 134 citations

Cell‐Specific Expression of the Mouse Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene: Identification of the Cis‐ and Trans‐Acting Promoter Elements for Astrocyte‐Specific Expression

1990 • 133 citations

Messenger RNA for glial fibrillary acidic protein is decreased in rat brain following acute and chronic corticosterone treatment

1990 • 131 citations

Immunohistochemistry of Nervous System-Specific Antigens

1978 • 128 citations

Regulation of an oligodendrocyte progenitor cell line by the interleukin‐6 family of cytokines

1994 • 127 citations

Glucocorticoids Regulate the Synthesis of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Intact and Adrenalectomized Rats but Do Not Affect Its Expression Following Brain Injury

1991 • 125 citations

Neuronal/glial plasticity in the supraoptic dendritic zone: Dendritic bundling and double synapse formation at parturition

1984 • 115 citations

Synaptic regulation of glial protein expression in vivo

1994 • 114 citations

Castration Enhances Expression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Sulfated Glycoprotein-2 in the Intact and Lesion-Altered Hippocampus of the Adult Male Rat

1990 • 113 citations

Natural fluctuation and gonadal hormone regulation of astrocyte immunoreactivity in dentate gyrus

1993 • 111 citations

Gonadal steroids regulate the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the adult male rat hippocampus

1993 • 110 citations

Transforming growth factor‐βs inhibit mitogen‐stimulated proliferation of astrocytes

1993 • 109 citations

Regulation of the alpha 1(I) collagen promoter via a transforming growth factor-beta activation element

1993 • 109 citations

Analysis of a Segment of the Human Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene That Directs Astrocyte‐Specific Transcription

1993 • 106 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression and regulation in rat cortical astrocytes

1992 • 106 citations

Transforming growth factor-β1 induces neuronal and astrocyte genes: Tubulin α1, glial fibrillary acidic protein and clusterin

1994 • 104 citations

AP‐1 complex and c‐fos transcription are involved in TPA provoked and trans‐synaptic inductions of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene: Insights into long‐term regulatory mechanisms

1992 • 103 citations

Rapid and reversible astrocytic reaction to afferent activity blockade in chick cochlear nucleus

1992 • 103 citations

Synergistic action of thyroid hormone, insulin and hydrocortisone on astrocyte differentiation

1987 • 101 citations

Temporal Expression of Mouse Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein mRNA Studied by a Rapid In Situ Hybridization Procedure

1985 • 101 citations

The distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the adult rat brain is influenced by the neonatal levels of sex steroids

1988 • 99 citations

Transforming growth factor alpha contributes to the mechanism by which hypothalamic injury induces precocious puberty.

1991 • 97 citations

Transforming growth factor‐β1 stimulates macrophage urokinase expression and release of matrix‐bound basic fibroblast growth factor

1993 • 97 citations

Effects of transforming growth factor‐β1 on the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton of cultured astrocytes

1993 • 97 citations

A labile repressor acts through the NFkB-like binding sites of the human urokinase gene

1991 • 97 citations

Estrogen receptor-immunoreactive glia, endothelia, and ependyma in guinea pig preoptic area and median eminence: electron microscopy

1992 • 94 citations

Estradiol — induced redistribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the rat brain

1987 • 94 citations

Reactive astrogliosis after basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection in injured neonatal rat brain

1990 • 91 citations

Glucocorticoids regulate the concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein throughout the brain

1989 • 90 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Induced Proliferation of Astrocytes from Mature Brain Is Associated with Down‐Regulation of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein mRNA

1991 • 89 citations

TGF-beta 1 induces phosphorylation of the cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein in ML-CCl64 cells.

1991 • 88 citations

Estradiol promotes cell shape changes and glial fibrillary acidic protein redistribution in hypothalamic astrocytes in vitro: A neuronal‐mediated effect

1992 • 85 citations

Nuclear hormone receptors — Molecular mechanisms, cellular functions, clinical abnormalities

1992 • 83 citations

Increases in transforming growth factor‐β mRNA in hippocampus during response to entorhinal cortex lesions in intact and adrenalectomized rats

1991 • 82 citations

Control of astrocytosis by interleukin-1 and transforming growth factor-β1 in human brain

1993 • 77 citations

Characterization of human cDNA and genomic clones for glial fibrillary acidic protein

1990 • 76 citations

Serum and transforming growth factor beta regulate glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum-free-derived mouse embryo cells.

1990 • 76 citations

Influence of transforming growth factor β1 and other growth factors on basic fibroblast growth factor level and proliferation of cultured human prostate‐derived fibroblasts

1993 • 74 citations

Cyclic AMP Decreases the Expression of a Neuronal Marker (GAD₆₇) and Increases the Expression of an Astroglial Marker (GFAP) in C6 Cells

1994 • 71 citations

Developing forebrain astrocytes are sensitive to thyroid hormone

1990 • 68 citations

Transforming growth factor-? inhibition of interleukin-1 activity involves down-regulation of interleukin-1 receptors on chondrocytes

1991 • 67 citations

Effects of dexamethasone on the expression of myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein genes in developing rat brain

1991 • 61 citations

Regulation of the Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and of its Encoding mRNA in the Developing Brain and in Cultured Astrocytes

1990 • 59 citations

Effects of growth factors on a human glioma cell line during invasion into rat brain aggregates in culture

1992 • 56 citations

Metabolism and Release of Glutamate in Cerebellar Granule Cells Cocultured with Astrocytes from Cerebellum or Cerebral Cortex

1991 • 54 citations

Corticosterone differentially regulates the bilateral response of astrocyte mRNAs in the hippocampus to entorhinal cortex lesions in male rats

1991 • 54 citations

Transcriptional regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐mRNA expression during postnatal development of mouse brain

1992 • 53 citations

Localization of Cells Containing Transforming Growth Factor- α Precursor Immunoreactivity in the Basal Ganglia of the Adult Rat Brain

1990 • 53 citations

Effects of interleukin-1? and tumor necrosis factor-? on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and transferrin in cultured astrocytes

1993 • 51 citations

Purification of a protein doublet that binds to six TGG-containing sequences in the promoter for hamster 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase.

1988 • 50 citations

Transcriptional control of glial fibrillary acidic protein and glutamine synthetase in vivo shows opposite responses to corticosterone in the hippocampus.

1994 • 49 citations

Intragenic Sequences Affect the Expression of the Gene Encoding Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

1991 • 49 citations

Identification of a cis‐acting positive regulatory element of glial fibrillary acidic protein gene

1991 • 49 citations

Sexual dimorphism in the hamster cerebellum demonstrated by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin immunoreactivity

1992 • 49 citations

Alterations of glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA level in the aging brain and in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type

1993 • 46 citations

Changes in gene expression in hippocampus in response to glucocorticoids and stress

1990 • 44 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta induces cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix modifications in FRTL-5 thyroid epithelial cells.

1990 • 43 citations

Hydrocortisone administration alters glial reaction to entorhinal lesion in the rat dentate gyrus

1987 • 42 citations

Expression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Neurofilament mRNA in Gliosis Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

1990 • 39 citations

Transforming growth factor-β alters differentiation in cultures of avian neural crest-derived cells: Effects on cell morphology, proliferation, fibronectin expression, and melanogenesis

1992 • 37 citations

In vitro interaction of uterine estrogen receptor with the estrogen response element present in the 3′-flanking region of the murine c-fos protooncogene

1994 • 37 citations

Primary Cultures of Astrocytes from Different Brain Areas of Newborn Rats and Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor

1990 • 34 citations

Expression of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor and their correlation with cellular morphology in glial tumors

1991 • 34 citations

Altered regulation of lesion-induced synaptogenesis by adrenalectomy and corticosterone in young adult rats

1986 • 34 citations

Glial-specific cAMP response of the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene cell lines.

1994 • 33 citations

Expression of mineralocorticoid Type I and glucocorticoid Type II receptors in astrocyte glia as a function of time in culture

1991 • 33 citations

Rapid Corticosterone-lnduced Changes in Gene Expression in Rat Hippocampus Display Type II Glucocorticoid Receptor Specificity

1988 • 33 citations

Glucocorticoid suppression of lesion-induced synaptogenesis: Effect of temporal manipulation of steroid treatment

1989 • 32 citations

Effects of transforming growth factor type β on expression of cytoskeletal proteins in endosteal mouse osteoblastic cells☆

1990 • 32 citations

Human B cell growth factor enhances proliferation and glial fibrillary acidic protein gene expression in rat astrocytes

1989 • 28 citations

Cortical neurons inhibit basal and interleukin-1-stimulated astroglial cell secretion of nerve growth factor

1992 • 27 citations

Influence of Epidermal Growth Factor on the Maturation of Fetal Rat Brain Cells in Aggregate Culture

1989 • 26 citations

Multiple hormone response elements can confer glucocorticoid regulation on the human insulin receptor gene.

1994 • 26 citations

Cortical neurons selectively inhibit MHC class II induction in astrocytes but not in microglial cells

1993 • 25 citations

Detection of brain-specific gene expression in brain cells in primary culture: a novel promoter assay based on the use of a retrovirus vector.

1992 • 22 citations

Establishment of an astrocyte progenitor cell line: Induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein and fibronectin by transforming growth factor‐β1

1993 • 22 citations

Variations in the neurotoxic potency of trimethyltin

1989 • 20 citations

Neurotrophic effects of steroids on lesion-induced growth in the hippocampus. I. The asteroidal condition

1988 • 19 citations

Transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA decreases in brain in response to glucocorticoid treatment of adrenalectomized rats

1991 • 18 citations

Regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum-free mouse embryo (SFME) cells by leukemia inhibitory factor and related peptides

1993 • 17 citations

Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in human medulloblastoma cells treated with recombinant glia maturation factor-beta.

1992 • 15 citations

Multiple hormone response elements can confer glucocorticoid regulation on the human insulin receptor gene

1994 • 12 citations

Delay of astrocyte reaction in the injured cerebral cortex of hypothyroid mouse

1989 • 8 citations

Expression of a TGFβ regulated, brain-specific mRNA in serum-free mouse embryo (SFME) cells

1993 • 8 citations

IL-1-induced production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in subclones of human T-cell derived leukaemia HSB.2 cells: regulation by phytohaemagglutinin-mediated (poly)phosphoinositide breakdown and cyclic AMP.

1990 • 7 citations

Involvement of the Nuclear Factor I Motif in the Mouse Myelin Basic Protein Promoter in Cell‐Specific Regulation: Comparison with the Mouse Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Promoter

1991 • 3 citations