Commentary: Vitamin C: Antioxidant or Pro-Oxidant In Vivo?

Free radicals in biology and medicine

1991 • 17,840 citations

Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging.

1993 • 6,011 citations

Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study

1993 • 4,414 citations

The Pecking Order of Free Radicals and Antioxidants: Lipid Peroxidation, α-Tocopherol, and Ascorbate

1993 • 2,350 citations

Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: where are we now?

1992 • 2,223 citations

Oxygen free radicals and iron in relation to biology and medicine: Some problems and concepts

1986 • 2,052 citations

Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma.

1989 • 1,876 citations

Continuous Monitoring ofin VztroOxidation of Human Low Density Lipoprotein

1989 • 1,824 citations

Nutrition Intervention Trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation With Specific Vitamin/Mineral Combinations, Cancer Incidence, and Disease-Specific Mortality in the General Population

1993 • 1,783 citations

The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

2003 • 1,534 citations

Direct observation of a free radical interaction between vitamin E and vitamin C

1979 • 1,460 citations

OXIDATION OF FREE AMINO ACIDS AND AMINO ACID RESIDUES IN PROTEINS BY RADIOLYSIS AND BY METAL-CATALYZED REACTIONS

1993 • 1,377 citations

The antioxidants of human extracellular fluids

1990 • 1,352 citations

High stored iron levels are associated with excess risk of myocardial infarction in eastern Finnish men.

1992 • 1,276 citations

A compilation of specific bimolecular rate constants for the reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals with inorganic and organic compounds in aqueous solution

1967 • 981 citations

IRON AND THE SEX DIFFERENCE IN HEART DISEASE RISK

1981 • 962 citations

How to Characterize a Biological Antioxidant

1990 • 943 citations

The relative contributions of vitamin E, urate, ascorbate and proteins to the total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant activity of human blood plasma

1987 • 889 citations

Molecular Pharmacology

1971 • 853 citations

Ascorbic acid protects against endogenous oxidative DNA damage in human sperm.

1991 • 784 citations

Superoxide‐dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron chelates

1978 • 748 citations

ASCORBIC ACID IN AROMATIC HYDROXYLATION

1954 • 679 citations

The antioxidant role of vitamin C

1986 • 660 citations

Prevalence of Hemochromatosis among 11,065 Presumably Healthy Blood Donors

1988 • 646 citations

Commentary Oxidative Stress, Nutrition and Health. Experimental Strategies for Optimization of Nutritional Antioxidant Intake in Humans

1996 • 584 citations

Inhibition of oxidation of methyl linoleate in solution by vitamin E and vitamin C.

1984 • 580 citations

Antioxidant and pro-oxidant actions of the plant phenolics quercetin, gossypol and myricetin

1989 • 569 citations

Oxidation of ascorbic acid with superoxide anion generated by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system

1975 • 565 citations

Dietary Carotenes, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E as Protective Antioxidants in Human Cancers

1992 • 532 citations

Natural antioxidants in grapes and wines

1994 • 508 citations

Copper-ion-dependent damage to the bases in DNA in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

1991 • 487 citations

Gas phase oxidants of cigarette smoke induce lipid peroxidation and changes in lipoprotein properties in human blood plasma. Protective effects of ascorbic acid

1991 • 485 citations

Vitamin C and cancer prevention: the epidemiologic evidence

1991 • 470 citations

Inactivation of key metabolic enzymes by mixed-function oxidation reactions: Possible implication in protein turnover and ageing

1983 • 467 citations

Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl-radical generation by the contents of human atherosclerotic lesions

1992 • 463 citations

Non‐Specific Serum Iron in Thalassaemia: an Abnormal Serum Iron Fraction of Potential Toxicity

1978 • 431 citations

Non-transferrin-bound iron in plasma or serum from patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis

1989 • 401 citations

The protection by ascorbate and glutathione against microsomal lipid peroxidation is dependent on vitamin E

1988 • 397 citations

On the antioxidant effects of ascorbic acid and glutathione

1992 • 382 citations

Ascorbate free radical as a marker of oxidative stress: An EPR study

1993 • 360 citations

The orthomolecular treatment of cancer II. Clinical trial of high-dose ascorbic acid supplements in advanced human cancer

1974 • 334 citations

Body iron stores and risk of cancer

1994 • 318 citations

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease at suboptimal plasma concentrations of essential antioxidants: an epidemiological update with special attention to carotene and vitamin C

1993 • 314 citations

A Prospective Study of the Intake of Vitamins C, E, and A and the Risk of Breast Cancer

1993 • 308 citations

Antioxidant protection against hypochlorous acid in human plasma.

1993 • 308 citations

Spontaneous cancer and its possible relationship to oxygen metabolism.

1980 • 298 citations

Oxidants, antioxidants, and respiratory tract lining fluids.

1994 • 295 citations

Modification of plasma proteins by cigarette smoke as measured by protein carbonyl formation

1992 • 279 citations

Ascorbic acid oxidation product(s) protect human low density lipoprotein against atherogenic modification. Anti- rather than prooxidant activity of vitamin C in the presence of transition metal ions.

1993 • 278 citations

Low-molecular-weight iron complexes and oxygen radical reactions in idiopathic haemochromatosis

1985 • 277 citations

Lipid peroxide formation in microsomes. The role of non-haem iron

1969 • 276 citations

Paradoxical Behavior of Antioxidants in Food and Biological Systems

1993 • 272 citations

SOME PROPERTIES OF THE ASCORBATE FREE RADICAL^*

1975 • 262 citations

Estimates of iron sufficiency in the US population

1986 • 256 citations

Body Iron Stores and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

1994 • 256 citations

Commentary the Measurement of Oxidative Damage to DNA by HPLC and GC/MS Techniques

1992 • 242 citations

Kinetics and mechanism for the oxidation of ascorbic acid/ascorbate by HO2/O2- (hydroperoxyl/superoxide) radicals. A pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow photolysis study

1983 • 231 citations

Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and production of toxic oxygen radicals by flavonoids

1986 • 229 citations

Lipid peroxidation in rheumatoid arthritis: Thiobarbituric acid-reactive material and catalytic iron salts in synovial fluid from rheumatoid patients

1984 • 224 citations

Antioxidant protection of phospholipid bilayers by alpha-tocopherol. Control of alpha-tocopherol status and lipid peroxidation by ascorbic acid and glutathione.

1986 • 219 citations

Superoxide‐dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of thiol compounds

1982 • 214 citations

Copper and iron are mobilized following myocardial ischemia: possible predictive criteria for tissue injury.

1993 • 206 citations

Lower levels of vitamin C and carotenes in plasma of cigarette smokers.

1986 • 204 citations

Pharmacology of Vitamin C

1994 • 202 citations

Biokinetics of dietaryRRR‐α‐tocopherol in the male guinea pig at three dietary levels of vitamin C and two levels of vitamin E. Evidence that vitamin C does not “spare” vitamin Ein vivo

1990 • 197 citations

Ascorbic acid, metal ions and the superoxide radical

1976 • 196 citations

Millimolar concentrations of ascorbic acid in purified human mononuclear leukocytes. Depletion and reaccumulation.

1990 • 194 citations

Biologically significant scavenging of the myeloperoxidase‐derived oxidant hypochlorous acid by ascorbic acid

1987 • 189 citations

Effects of Glutathione and Chelating Agents on Copper-Mediated DNA Oxidation: Pro-oxidant and Antioxidant Properties of Glutathione

1993 • 184 citations

Iron Overload Augments the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Rabbits

1995 • 182 citations

Low iron-binding capacity as a risk factor for myocardial infarction.

1994 • 181 citations

Prevalence of haemochromatosis amongst asymptomatic Australians

1990 • 180 citations

The antioxidant efficiency of vitamin C is concentration-dependent

1986 • 175 citations

Serum Copper and the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Population Study in Men in Eastern Finland

1991 • 173 citations

Ascorbate Autoxidation in the Presence of Iron and Copper Chelates

1986 • 172 citations

Protection Against Peroxynitrite-Dependent Tyrosine Nitration and α₁-Antiproteinase Inactivation by Ascorbic Acid. A Comparison with other Biological Antioxidants

1996 • 169 citations

The Determination of Dehydroascorbic Acid and Ascorbic acid in the Serum and Synovial Fluid of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

1985 • 154 citations

Genetic toxicology of ascorbic acid

1984 • 153 citations

The health effects of vitamin C supplementation: a review.

1995 • 151 citations

Kinetics and mechanism for the oxidation of ascorbic acid/ascorbate by HO_2/O_2-radicals. A pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow photolysis study.

1983 • 150 citations

Antioxidant protection against organic and inorganic oxygen radicals by normal human plasma: the important primary role for iron-binding and iron-oxidising proteins.

1992 • 150 citations

Iron overload cardiomyopathies: New insights into an old disease

1994 • 149 citations

Ten-year retrospective on the antioxidant hypothesis of arteriosclerosis: Threshold plasma levels of antioxidant micronutrients related to minimum cardiovascular risk

1995 • 145 citations

The production of reactive oxygen species by dietary flavonols

1990 • 145 citations

Immunocompetence and oxidant defense during ascorbate depletion of healthy men

1991 • 144 citations

Interaction of nitrogen dioxide with human plasma Antioxidant depletion and oxidative damage

1992 • 141 citations

The effect of high ascorbic acid supplementation on body iron stores

1984 • 138 citations

Prooxidant iron and copper, with ferroxidase and xanthine oxidase activities in human atherosclerotic material

1995 • 137 citations

L-ascorbic acid quenching of singlet delta molecular oxygen in aqueous media: Generalized antioxidant property of vitamin C

1983 • 134 citations

Low vitamin E content in plasma of patients with alcoholic liver disease, hemochromatosis and wilson's disease

1994 • 134 citations

[15] Sulfur-centered free radicals

1990 • 134 citations

Use of ascorbic acid to inhibit nitrosation: kinetic and mass transfer considerations for an in vitro system

1988 • 130 citations

Ascorbic Acid-Induced Hemolysis in G-6-PD Deficiency

1975 • 127 citations

Reaction of Ascorbate with the α-Tocopheroxyl Radical in Micellar and Bilayer Membrane Systems

1995 • 127 citations

Vitamin C prevents metal ion-dependent initiation and propagation of lipid peroxidation in human low-density lipoprotein

1995 • 126 citations

Stopped-flow kinetic study of vitamin E regeneration reaction with biological hydroquinones (reduced forms of ubiquinone, vitamin K, and tocopherolquinone) in solution.

1992 • 125 citations

Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in hereditary haemochromatosis

1994 • 124 citations

Dehydroascorbate reduction

1994 • 123 citations

Oxidative stress and abnormal cholesterol metabolism in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.

1990 • 121 citations

Protection against Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide in Synovial Fluid from Rheumatoid Patients

1981 • 120 citations

Protection From Oxidized LDL–Induced Leukocyte Adhesion to Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelium In Vivo by Vitamin C but Not by Vitamin E

1995 • 118 citations

Cataract: relationship between nutrition and oxidation.

1993 • 117 citations

Effect of ascorbic acid on apparent iron absorption by women with low iron stores

1994 • 113 citations

The effect of vitamin C on in vivo lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs as measured by pentane and ethane production

1983 • 111 citations

Interrelation of vitamin C, infection, haemostatic factors, and cardiovascular disease

1995 • 109 citations

Bleomycin‐detectable iron in the plasma of premature and full‐term neonates

1992 • 105 citations

Elevated 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in DNA of diethylstilbestrol-treated Syrian hamsters: covalent DNA damage by free radicals generated by redox cycling of diethylstilbestrol.

1991 • 104 citations

Serum non‐transferrin‐bound iron in beta‐thalassaemia major patients treated with desferrioxamine and L1

1992 • 103 citations

Scavenging of superoxide radical by ascorbic acid

1987 • 102 citations

Bleomycin‐detectable iron in serum from leukaemic patients before and after chemotherapy Therapeutic implications for treatment with oxidant‐generating drugs

1988 • 94 citations

The Suppression of Iron Release from Activated Myoglobin by Physiological Electron Donors and by Desferrioxamine

1989 • 92 citations

Induction of lipid peroxidation of pulmonary surfactant by plasma of preterm babies

1993 • 90 citations

Interactions of flavonoids, trace metals, and oxygen: nuclear DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by myricetin

1993 • 88 citations

Scurvy and Altered Iron Stores in Thalassemia Major

1981 • 88 citations

Inactivation of α₁ ‐antiproteinase by hydroxyl radicals The effect of uric acid

1989 • 87 citations

Superoxide‐dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals from NADH and NADPH in the presence of iron salts

1982 • 87 citations

Aromatic Hydroxylation of Phenylalanine as an Assay for Hydroxyl Radicals

1994 • 85 citations

Hemochromatosis, Multiorgan Hemosiderosis, and Coronary Artery Disease

1994 • 85 citations

Does Vitamin C Alleviate the Symptoms of the Common Cold? - A Review of Current Evidence

1994 • 85 citations

Lipid Peroxidation in Iron-Overloaded Spleens

1981 • 83 citations

Human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase complements superoxide dismutase-deficient Escherichia coli mutants.

1987 • 81 citations

Studies on Ascorbic Acid. I. Factors Influencing the Ascorbate-Mediated Inhibition of Catalase^*

1967 • 81 citations

Vitamin C and the common cold: a retrospective analysis of Chalmers' review.

1995 • 79 citations

3-O-Alkylascorbic acids as free-radical quenchers: synthesis and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation

1991 • 79 citations

Cell death by oxidative stress and ascorbic acid regeneration in human neuroectodermal cell lines

1995 • 78 citations

In vivo evidence of hydroxyl radical formation after acute copper and ascorbic acid intake: electron spin resonance spin-trapping investigation.

1992 • 76 citations

Expired Hydrocarbons in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

1995 • 76 citations

A missense mutation of L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase causes the inability of scurvy-prone osteogenic disorder rats to synthesize L-ascorbic acid.

1992 • 75 citations

PROOXIDANT and ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF ASCORBATE ON PHOTOSENSITIZED PEROXIDATION OF LIPIDS IN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES

1985 • 73 citations

Congestive Cardiomyopathy and Haemochromatosis- Rapid Progression Possibly Accelerated by Excessive Ingestion of Ascorbic Acid

1982 • 73 citations

Metal Ion Release from Mechanically-Disrupted Human Arterial Wall. Implications for the Development of Atherosclerosis

1995 • 73 citations

Presence of iron catalytic for free radical reactions in patients undergoing chemotherapy: implications for therapeutic management

1995 • 72 citations

Tocopheroxyl Radical Persistence and Tocopherol Consumption in Liposomes and in Vitamin E-enriched Rat Liver Mitochondria and Microsomes

1989 • 72 citations

Ferrous Ions Detected in Iron-Overloaded Cord Blood Plasma From Preterm and Term Babies: Implications for Oxidative Stress

1995 • 67 citations

Hydroxyl radicals and the toxicity of oral iron

1986 • 65 citations

The cooperative action of vitamins E and C in the protection against peroxidation of parinaric acid in human erythrocyte membranes

1990 • 62 citations

The Molecular Genetics of Superoxide Dismutase inE. Coli. An Approach to Understanding the Biological Role and Regulation of Sods in Relation to Other Elements of the Defence System Against Oxygen Toxicity

1989 • 61 citations

Ascorbic Acid Enhances Iron-induced Ferritin Translation in Human Leukemia and Hepatoma Cells

1995 • 57 citations

Ascorbic Acid Enhances Ferritin mRNA Translation by an IRP/Aconitase Switch

1995 • 57 citations

Ascorbic acid safety: analysis of factors affecting iron absorption

1990 • 56 citations

Dietary Ascorbic Acid Depresses Plasma and Low Density Lipoprotein Lipid Peroxidation in Genetically Scorbutic Rats

1992 • 56 citations

Strand scission in DNA by quercetin and Cu(II): identification of free radical intermediates and biological consequences of scission

1990 • 53 citations

Ascorbic acid and iron metabolism: alterations in lysosomal function

1991 • 53 citations

Homology of the NifS family of proteins to a new class of pyridoxal phosphate‐dependent enzymes

1993 • 52 citations

Is Pentane a Normal Constituent of Human Breath?

1993 • 50 citations

Chelatable iron and copper can be released from extracorporeally circulated blood during cardiopulmonary bypass

1993 • 48 citations

Quercetin-induced lipid peroxidation and DNa damage in isolated rat-liver nuclei

1991 • 47 citations

Ascorbic Acid Transport and Distribution in Human B Lymphocytes

1995 • 47 citations

ASCORBIC ACID GLYCATION OF LENS PROTEINS PRODUCES UVA SENSITIZERS SIMILAR TO THOSE IN HUMAN LENS

1995 • 45 citations

Proposed Role for a Combination of Citric Acid and Ascorbic Acid in the Production of Dietary Iron Overload: A Fundamental Cause of Disease

1995 • 45 citations

Ascorbic acid can either increase or decrease low density lipoprotein modification

1994 • 44 citations

Iron speciation at physiological pH in media containing ascorbate and oxygen

1993 • 43 citations

Ascorbic Acid Glycation: the Reactions of l-Threose in Lens Tissue

1994 • 43 citations

Site-specific glycation of lens crystallins by ascorbic acid

1992 • 42 citations

Iron Overload: Prevalence and Impact on Health

2009 • 42 citations

Average intake of anti‐oxidant (PRO)vitamins and subsequent cancer mortality in the 16 cohorts of the seven countries study

1995 • 39 citations

IRON OVERLOAD ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL PYRUVATE KINASE DEFICIENCY AND HIGH DOSE ASCORBIC ACID INGESTION

1984 • 36 citations

Formation of hydroxyl radicals from NADH and NADPH in the presence of copper salts

1985 • 35 citations

Pathogenesis of genetic haemochromatosis

1993 • 35 citations

Carcinogenic antioxidants

1993 • 34 citations

Oxidative damage to lipids and α1-antiproteinase by phenylbutazone in the presence of haem proteins: protection by ascorbic acid

1992 • 34 citations

Vitamin E in vivo

1990 • 34 citations

Esr Investigations of the Reactions of Radiation-Produced Thiyl and DNA Peroxyl Radicals: Formation of Sulfoxyl Radicals

1989 • 33 citations

Possible adverse health effects of vitamin C and ascorbic acid.

1983 • 27 citations

Ascorbic acid and gastrointestinal cancer.

1995 • 27 citations

Effect of vitamin C supplementation on gastric mucosal DNA damage

1994 • 26 citations

Promotion of oxidative damage to arachidonic acid and α1-antiproteinase by anti-inflammatory drugs in the presence of the haem proteins myoglobin and cytochrome C

1994 • 26 citations

Free radical-induced fragmentation of proteins by quercetin

1994 • 26 citations

Inhibitory effects of ascorbic acid on growth of leukemic and lymphoma cell lines

1993 • 25 citations

Testing for Haemochromatosis in the Diabetic Clinic

1995 • 25 citations

The Molecular Genetics of Superoxide Dismutase inE. Coli

1991 • 24 citations

Metal Ions Catalytic for Free Radical Reactions in the Plasma of Patients with Fulminant Hepatic Failure

1994 • 24 citations

A Proposition: Megadoses of Vitamin C are Valuable in the Treatment of Cancer

2009 • 23 citations

Radioprotectors and Anticarcinogens

1985 • 18 citations

Synthesis of a cytochrome c derivative with prolonged in vivo half-life and determination of ascorbyl radicals in the circulation of the rat.

1992 • 17 citations

Bleomycin‐reactive iron in patients with acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia

1992 • 17 citations

Phospholipid Hydroperoxides and Lipid Peroxidation in Liver and Plasma of ODS Rats Supplemented with α-Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid

1996 • 17 citations

Oxyradicals and multivitamin tablets

1991 • 16 citations

DNA breakage by flavan-3-ols and procyanidins in the presence of cupric ion

1989 • 14 citations

Plant phenolics as reductants for ferritin iron release

1990 • 13 citations

Ascorbate-induced free radical toxicity to isolated islet cells

1995 • 12 citations

Urinary Ascorbic Acid Levels Following the Withdrawal of Large Doses of Ascorbic Acid in Guinea Pigs

1988 • 11 citations

Safe and Successful Use of Vitamin C to Treat Painful Calcific Chronic Pancreatitis Despite Iron Overload from Primary Haemochromatosis†

1995 • 9 citations

Stainable bone iron in undecalcified, plastic-embedded sections. Occurrence in man related to the presence of "free" iron?

1988 • 7 citations

Mutagenicity of ascorbic acid for the plant Arabidopsis

1984 • 6 citations

High intakes of vitamin C: A contributor to oxalate formation in man?

1982 • 5 citations