Anxiogenic properties of beta-CCE and FG 7142: a review of promises and pitfalls

Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state.

1962 • 5,942 citations

Validation of open : closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat

1985 • 5,596 citations

Précis ofThe neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system

1982 • 4,511 citations

Behavioural despair in rats: A new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments

1978 • 3,035 citations

The use of a plus-maze to measure anxiety in the mouse

1987 • 2,571 citations

Benzodiazepine Receptor: Demonstration in the Central Nervous System

1977 • 1,705 citations

Anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug effects on exploratory activity in an elevated plus-maze: A novel test of anxiety in the rat

1986 • 1,509 citations

Specific benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain characterized by high-affinity (3H)diazepam binding.

1977 • 1,246 citations

Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists in a maze-exploration model of ?fear?-motivated behaviour

1984 • 951 citations

A simple and reliable conflict procedure for testing anti-anxiety agents

1971 • 832 citations

Specificity of the learned helplessness model of depression

1982 • 383 citations

Benzodiazepine Receptor-Mediated Experimental "Anxiety" in Primates

1982 • 314 citations

A three-state model of the benzodiazepine receptor explains the interactions between the benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-1788, benzodiazepine tranquilizers, ?-carbolines, and phenobarbitone

1982 • 312 citations

Unusual interactions of benzodiazepine receptor antagonists

1982 • 293 citations

The benzodiazepines: from molecular biology to clinical practice

1984 • 293 citations

Diazepam and flurazepam: Effects on conditioned fear as measured with the potentiated startle paradigm

1979 • 267 citations

The anxiogenic action of benzodiazepine antagonists

1982 • 263 citations

Benzodiazepine recognition site ligands: biochemistry and pharmacology.

1983 • 244 citations

Benzodiazepine receptor ligands with positive and negative efficacy

1983 • 244 citations

Evidence that the amygdala is involved in benzodiazepine and serotonergic effects on punished responding but not on discrimination

1987 • 242 citations

The effects of chlordiazepoxide and chlorpromazine on a punishment discrimination

1962 • 240 citations

CNS receptors: From molecular pharmacology to behavior

1983 • 218 citations

beta-Carbolines enhance shock-induced suppression of drinking in rats.

1983 • 217 citations

Rate-dependent effects of drugs: A review of the literature

1976 • 216 citations

Ethyl β-carboline-3-carboxylate shows differential benzodiazepine receptor interaction

1980 • 210 citations

The staircase test in mice: A simple and efficient procedure for primary screening of anxiolytic agents

1984 • 192 citations

A Benzodiazepine Receptor—Mediated Model of Anxiety

1984 • 184 citations

Distress vocalization in rat pups a simple screening method for anxiolytic drugs

1985 • 177 citations

Behavioral effects of benzodiazepines: A review

1977 • 170 citations

Evaluation of a rapid technique for detecting minor tranquilizers

1971 • 169 citations

Anxiogenic and non-anxiogenic benzodiazepine antagonists

1983 • 165 citations

The proconvulsant and diazepam-reversing effects of ethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate

1980 • 162 citations

GABAergic transmission and anxiety

1986 • 161 citations

Benzodiazepines reduce the tolerance to reward delay in rats

1985 • 156 citations

The effects of triazolobenzodiazepines in two animal tests of anxiety and in the holeboard

1985 • 151 citations

The Benzodiazepine Receptor in Normal and Pathological Human Brain

1978 • 149 citations

Audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice discriminate sensitively between low efficacy benzodazepine receptor agonists and inverse agonists

1983 • 147 citations

Animal Models for Predicting Clinical Efficacy of Anxiolytic Drugs: Social Behaviour

1985 • 142 citations

Acute and chronic effects of the benzodiazepine receptor ligand FG 7142: proconvulsant properties and kindling

1984 • 136 citations

Multiple sites of action for anxiogenic drugs: Behavioural, electrophysiological and biochemical correlations

1984 • 134 citations

Pharmacological Characterisation of a Modified Social Interaction Model of Anxiety in the Rat

1985 • 132 citations

Behavioural pharmacology of food, water and salt intake in relation to drug actions at benzodiazepine receptors

1985 • 129 citations

Does the excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist 2-APH exhibit anxiolytic activity?

1986 • 123 citations

An anxiogenic benzodiazepine receptor ligand induces learned helplessness

1985 • 118 citations

The effects of FG 7142 and RO 15-1788 on the release of punished responding produced by chlordiazepoxide and ethanol in the rat

1986 • 110 citations

Proconflict effect of benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists and other inhibitors of GABA function

1984 • 109 citations

Anxiety: New Research and Changing Concepts

1982 • 108 citations

Does the reversal of the anticonflict effect of phenobarbital by β-CCE and FG 7142 indicate benzodiazepine receptor-mediated anxiogenic properties?

1982 • 105 citations

Neuropharmacological antagonism of the beta-carboline-induced "anxiety" response in rhesus monkeys

1985 • 104 citations

EFFECTS OF DRUGS ON BEHAVIOUR OF AGGRESSIVE MICE

1979 • 102 citations

Discriminative stimulus properties of ?-carbolines characterized as agonists and inverse agonists at central benzodiazepine receptors

1984 • 94 citations

Benzodiazepines and their antagonists: A pharmacoethological analysis with particular reference to effects on “aggression”

1985 • 90 citations

The inhibitory effect of diazepam on defensive burying: Anxiolytic vs. analgesic effects

1985 • 84 citations

?-Carbolines can enhance or antagonize the effects of punishment in mice

1985 • 82 citations

Effects of the β-carboline, FG 7142, in the social interaction test of anxiety and the holeboard: Correlations between behaviour and plasma concentrations

1985 • 82 citations

The anxiogenic action of FG 7142 in the social interaction test is reversed by chlordiazepoxide and Ro 15-1788 but not by CGS 8216.

1984 • 75 citations

Isolation and identification in bovine cerebral cortex of n-butyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate, a potent benzodiazepine binding inhibitor.

1986 • 71 citations

Benzodiazepine receptor ligands and the consumption of a highly palatable diet in non-deprived male rats

1985 • 71 citations

Absence of intrinsic antagonist actions of benzodiazepine antagonists on an exploratory model of anxiety in the mouse

1984 • 71 citations

Behavioural similarities between mother rats and benzodiazepine-treated non-meternal animals

1985 • 66 citations

The effects of tranquillizing drugs on timing behaviour in rats

1975 • 64 citations

Generalization and antagonism studies with convulsant, GABAergic and anticonvulsant drugs in rats trained to discriminate pentylenetetrazol from saline

1980 • 63 citations

Opposite effects of two ligands for peripheral type benzodiazepine binding sites, PK 11195 and RO5-4864, in a conflict situation in the rat

1985 • 61 citations

Differential pharmacological effects of benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists.

1983 • 61 citations

Intrinsic and antagonistic effects of β-carboline FG 7142 on behavioral and EEG actions of benzodiazepines and pentobarbital in cats

1983 • 57 citations

Effects of agents which interact with central benzodiazepine binding sites on stress-induced ultrasounds in rat pups

1987 • 56 citations

Proconflict effect of GABA receptor complex antagonists

1986 • 54 citations

Studies on the possible role of brain 5-HT systems and adrenocortical activity in behavioural responses to nicotine and diazepam in an elevated X-maze

1986 • 52 citations

‘Inverse agonists’, cooperativity and drug action at benzodiazepine receptors

1986 • 52 citations

β-Carbolines with agonistic and inverse agonistic properties at benzodiazepine receptors of the rat

1984 • 51 citations

Proconvulsant effects in baboons of β-carboline, a putative endogenous ligand for benzodiazepine receptors

1981 • 50 citations

The effects of compounds related to ?-aminobutyrate and benzodiazepine receptors on behavioural responses to anxiogenic stimuli in the rat: Punished barpressing

1985 • 48 citations

States of anxiety and their induction by drugs.

1986 • 46 citations

Antagonism of the anticonflict effects of chlordiazepoxide by ?-carboline carboxylic acid ethyl ester, Ro 15-1788 and ACTH(4?10)

1982 • 45 citations

Benzodiazepine receptor mediated discriminative cues: Effects of GABA-ergic drugs and inverse agonists

1983 • 44 citations

Benzodiazepine-receptor mediated inhibition of isolation-induced aggression in mice

1985 • 41 citations

Bidirectional control of palatable food consumption through a common benzodiazepine receptor: Theory and evidence

1985 • 36 citations

The staircase test: Some evidence of nonspecificity for anxiolytics

1986 • 34 citations

Assaying addiction liability of opioids

1983 • 32 citations

FG 7142 and its anxiety-inducing effects in humans.

1987 • 31 citations

Discriminative and aversive properties of β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, a benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist, in rhesus monkey

1986 • 31 citations

Discriminative stimulus properties of methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM), an inverse agonist at benzodiazepine receptors

1985 • 30 citations

Proconflict and electrocorticographic effects of drugs modulating GABAergic neurotransmission

1987 • 29 citations

Increased aggression and toxicity in grouped male mice treated with tranquilizing benzodiazepines

1971 • 29 citations

Can Anti-Panic Drugs Antagonise the Anxiety Produced in the Rat by Drugs Acting at the GABA-Benzodiazepine Receptor Complex?

1987 • 28 citations

The effect of the ?-carboline FG 7142 on the behaviour of male rats in a living cage: An ethological analysis of social and nonsocial behaviour

1986 • 28 citations

The effects of the β-carboline FG 7142, on intracranial self-stimulation in the rat

1984 • 27 citations

The anorectic effect of FG 7142, a partial inverse agonist at benzodiazepine recognition sites, is reversed by CGS 8216 and clonazepam but not by food deprivation

1985 • 26 citations

Interactions between the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788 (flumazepil) and the inverse agonist β-CCE: Behavioral studies with squirrel monkeys

1985 • 25 citations

Long-lasting proconflict effect induced by chronic administration of the β-carboline derivative FG 7142

1985 • 25 citations

β-CCE and chlordiazepoxide reduce exploratory head-dipping and rearing: No mutual antagonism

1982 • 25 citations

Selective changes in the in vivo effects of benzodiazepine receptor ligands after chemical kindling with FG 7142

1987 • 25 citations

A Novel Chemically Induced Animal Model of Human Anxiety

1984 • 24 citations

Pharmacological and behavioural studies of benzodiazepine antagonists and contragonists.

1983 • 24 citations

Behavioral studies with anxiolytic drugs. II. Interactions of zopiclone with ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate and Ro 15-1788 in squirrel monkeys.

1986 • 22 citations

Distinction of benzodiazepine receptor agonists and inverse agonists by binding studies in vitro.

1983 • 22 citations

Effects of the beta-carboline FG 7142 on saccharin preference and quinine aversion in water-deprived rats

1986 • 21 citations

Triazolobenzodiazepines antagonize the effects of anxiogenic drugs mediated at three different central nervous system sites

1985 • 21 citations

Advances in Substance Abuse. Behavioral and Biological Research, Vol. 1, 1980

1981 • 21 citations

β-carboline FG 7142-reduced aggression in male rats: Reversed by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, Ro15-1788

1986 • 17 citations

Differential effects of benzodiazepine receptor ligands on isotonic saline and water consumption in water-deprived rats

1987 • 16 citations

Effects of β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester on suppressed and non-suppressed responding in the rhesus monkey

1986 • 14 citations

Anxiety: its generation by drugs and by their withdrawal.

1986 • 12 citations

Anxiolytic and anxiogenic beta-carbolines: tools for the study of anxiety mechanisms.

1986 • 11 citations

Effects of the β-carboline, FG 7142, on social behaviour in male laboratory rats

1986 • 9 citations

Potentiation of the Propunishment, but not the convulsant action of the β-carboline DMCM by naltrexone

1986 • 9 citations

The benzodiazepine antagonist CGS 8216 decreases both shocked and unshocked drinking in rats

1987 • 8 citations