Mechanotransduction and functional response of the skeleton to physical stress: The mechanisms and mechanics of bone adaptation*

On Growth and Form

1917 • 4,330 citations

Osf2/Cbfa1: A Transcriptional Activator of Osteoblast Differentiation

1997 • 4,191 citations

Targeted Disruption of Results in a Complete Lack of Bone Formation owing to Maturational Arrest of Osteoblasts

1997 • 4,168 citations

Cbfa1, a Candidate Gene for Cleidocranial Dysplasia Syndrome, Is Essential for Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Development

1997 • 2,784 citations

Bone “mass” and the “mechanostat”: A proposal

1987 • 1,963 citations

Das Gesetz der Transformation der Knochen

1893 • 1,947 citations

Regulation of bone formation by applied dynamic loads.

1984 • 1,533 citations

Mechanotransduction and the functional response of bone to mechanical strain

1995 • 1,008 citations

Skeletal structural adaptations to mechanical usage (SATMU): 1. Redefining Wolff's Law: The bone modeling problem

1990 • 938 citations

Static vs dynamic loads as an influence on bone remodelling

1984 • 859 citations

An interaction between alpha-actinin and the beta 1 integrin subunit in vitro.

1990 • 851 citations

Sensitivity of osteocytes to biomechanical stress in vitro

1995 • 768 citations

Biomechanics of the Locomotor Apparatus

1980 • 635 citations

Mechanical loading thresholds for lamellar and woven bone formation

1994 • 469 citations

Morphological evidence of gap junctions between bone cells

1981 • 454 citations

Skeletal structural adaptations to mechanical usage (SATMU): 2. Redefining Wolff's Law: The remodeling problem

1990 • 451 citations

Five Jumps per Day Increase Bone Mass and Breaking Force in Rats

1997 • 410 citations

Mechanotransduction in bone: do bone cells act as sensors of fluid flow?

1994 • 409 citations

Inducible cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) mediates the induction of bone formation by mechanical loading in vivo

1996 • 364 citations

Early strain-related changes in enzyme activity in osteocytes following bone loading in vivo

1989 • 357 citations

Mechanotransduction in bone: role of strain rate

1995 • 353 citations

Fluid shear stress as a mediator of osteoblast cyclic adenosine monophosphate production

1990 • 343 citations

Bone remodelling induced by physical stress is prostaglandin E2 mediated

1980 • 335 citations

Mechanical strain-induced NO production by bone cells: a possible role in adaptive bone (re)modeling?

1995 • 332 citations

Pulsating Fluid Flow Stimulates Prostaglandin Release and Inducible Prostaglandin G/H Synthase mRNA Expression in Primary Mouse Bone Cells

1997 • 288 citations

Aging changes mechanical loading thresholds for bone formation in rats

1995 • 271 citations

Strain magnitude related changes in whole bone architecture in growing rats

1997 • 268 citations

Effect of flow on prostaglandin E2 and inositol trisphosphate levels in osteoblasts

1991 • 257 citations

The Tissue-Specific Nuclear Matrix Protein, NMP-2, Is a Member of the AML/PEBP2/Runt Domain Transcription Factor Family: Interactions with the Osteocalcin Gene Promoter

1995 • 245 citations

The Laws of Bone Structure

1965 • 231 citations

Fluid flow stimulates rapid and continuous release of nitric oxide in osteoblasts

1996 • 210 citations

Intracellular Ca2+ stores and extracellular Ca2+ are required in the real-time Ca2+ response of bone cells experiencing fluid flow

1996 • 196 citations

Activation of human neutrophils induces an interaction between the integrin beta 2-subunit (CD18) and the actin binding protein alpha-actinin.

1993 • 187 citations

Nitric oxide inhibitor L-NAME suppresses mechanically induced bone formation in rats

1996 • 178 citations

Nitric oxide is an early mediator of the increase in bone formation by mechanical stimulation

1996 • 178 citations

Cell-to-cell communication in osteoblastic networks: Cell line–dependent hormonal regulation of gap junction function

1995 • 170 citations

Osteocalcin gene promoter-binding factors are tissue-specific nuclear matrix components.

1993 • 166 citations

Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton after microinjection of proteolytic fragments of alpha-actinin.

1991 • 165 citations

Homeostatic control of bone structure: An application of feedback theory

1991 • 162 citations

The Missing Bone

1997 • 149 citations

Indomethacin has distinct early and late actions on bone formation induced by mechanical stimulation

1994 • 144 citations

A uniform strain criterion for trabecular bone adaptation: Do continuum-level strain gradients drive adaptation?

1997 • 143 citations

The success and failure of the adaptive response to functional load-bearing in averting bone fracture

1992 • 126 citations

Activation of G Proteins Mediates Flow-Induced Prostaglandin E₂Production in Osteoblasts

1997 • 120 citations

On Wolff's law of trabecular architecture

1992 • 119 citations

Recruitment and Proliferative Responses of Osteoblasts After Mechanical Loading In Vivo Determined Using Sustained-Release Bromodeoxyuridine

1998 • 118 citations

Role of Adhesion Molecule Cytoplasmic Domains in Mediating Interactions with the Cytoskeleton

1994 • 116 citations

Reaction of bone to mechanical stimuli. 2. Periosteal and endosteal reaction of tibial diaphysis in rabbit to intermittent loading.

1971 • 109 citations

Capacitative pulsed electric stimulation of bone cells. Induction of cyclic-AMP changes and DNA synthesis

1984 • 105 citations

α-Actinin: a direct link between actin and integrins

1991 • 102 citations

Exogenous prostacyclin, but not prostaglandin E2, produces similar responses in both G6PD activity and RNA production as mechanical loading, and increases IGF-II release, in adult cancellous bone in culture

1993 • 83 citations

The adaptation of bone apparent density to applied load

1995 • 79 citations

What is the role of the convective current density in the real-time calcium response of cultured bone cells to fluid flow?

1996 • 74 citations

Sequential Analysis of Gene Expression after an Osteogenic Stimulus - c-fos Expression Is Induced in Osteocytes

1995 • 68 citations

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition of a swelling-activated cation channel in osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells.

1996 • 51 citations

Correlation of bony ingrowth to the distribution of stress and strain parameters surrounding a porous‐coated implant

1996 • 41 citations

Mechanoelectric transduction in bone

1989 • 40 citations

Bone histomorphometry

1995 • 38 citations