How strong is the evidence for use of beta-blockers as first-line therapy for hypertension? Systematic review and meta-analysis

Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses

2003 • 53,662 citations

Meta-analysis in clinical trials

1986 • 36,193 citations

Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis

2002 • 31,236 citations

Statistical Aspects of the Analysis of Data From Retrospective Studies of Disease

1959 • 14,850 citations

Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data

2005 • 7,255 citations

The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure

1997 • 5,689 citations

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol

2002 • 5,471 citations

Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement

1999 • 4,736 citations

Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease

1990 • 4,424 citations

The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure

1997 • 3,652 citations

Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

2005 • 2,895 citations

Differential Impact of Blood Pressure–Lowering Drugs on Central Aortic Pressure and Clinical Outcomes

2006 • 2,224 citations

Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial

1999 • 2,051 citations

Effect of Blood Pressure Lowering and Antihypertensive Drug Class on Progression of Hypertensive Kidney Disease<SUBTITLE>Results From the AASK Trial</SUBTITLE>

2002 • 1,983 citations

Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension)

1991 • 1,911 citations

Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study

1999 • 1,472 citations

MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Medical Research Council Working Party.

1985 • 1,463 citations

Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39

1998 • 1,435 citations

Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results.

1992 • 1,373 citations

Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39

1998 • 1,333 citations

Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. MRC Working Party.

1992 • 1,299 citations

A Calcium Antagonist vs a Non–Calcium Antagonist Hypertension Treatment Strategy for Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

2003 • 1,268 citations

Should β blockers remain first choice in the treatment of primary hypertension? A meta-analysis

2005 • 992 citations

Cardiovascular protection and blood pressure reduction: a meta-analysis

2001 • 963 citations

Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and β-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study

2000 • 923 citations

Health Outcomes Associated With Antihypertensive Therapies Used as First-Line Agents<subtitle>A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis</subtitle>

1997 • 887 citations

Principal Results of the Controlled Onset Verapamil Investigation of Cardiovascular End Points (CONVINCE) Trial

2003 • 764 citations

Rethinking the “Diseases of Affluence” Paradigm: Global Patterns of Nutritional Risks in Relation to Economic Development

2005 • 610 citations

Atenolol in hypertension: is it a wise choice?

2004 • 583 citations

Adverse Prognostic Significance of New Diabetes in Treated Hypertensive Subjects

2004 • 516 citations

Calcium Antagonist Lacidipine Slows Down Progression of Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis

2002 • 515 citations

Cardiovascular prevention and blood pressure reduction

2003 • 495 citations

Beta-Blockers Versus Diuretics in Hypertensive Men: Main Results from the HAPPHY Trial

1987 • 477 citations

Beta-blockers for hypertension

2017 • 448 citations

Primary Prevention With Metoprolol in Patients With Hypertension

1988 • 388 citations

British Hypertension Society guidelines for hypertension management 1999: summary

1999 • 378 citations

Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factors in a Randomized Trial of Treatment Based on the Beta-Blocker Oxprenolol: The International Prospective Primary Prevention Study in Hypertension (IPPPSH)

1985 • 348 citations

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention

2005 • 347 citations

New-onset diabetes and antihypertensive drugs

2005 • 290 citations

Blood-pressure control in the hypertensive population

1997 • 289 citations

Nebivolol: A Third-Generation β-Blocker That Augments Vascular Nitric Oxide Release

2000 • 222 citations

Third-Generation β-Blockers Stimulate Nitric Oxide Release From Endothelial Cells Through ATP Efflux

2003 • 220 citations

Randomised, double blind, multicentre comparison of hydrochlorothiazide, atenolol, nitrendipine, and enalapril in antihypertensive treatment: results of the HANE study

1997 • 167 citations

Old antihypertensives and new diabetes

2004 • 162 citations

Comparison of Propranolol and Hydrochlorothiazide for the Initial Treatment of Hypertension

1982 • 151 citations

Comparison of Propranolol and Hydrochlorothiazide for the Initial Treatment of Hypertension

1982 • 148 citations

The diabetogenic potential of thiazide-type diuretic and beta-blocker combinations in patients with hypertension

2005 • 103 citations

Calcium channel blockade to prevent stroke in hypertension: a meta-analysis of 13 studies with 103,793 subjects.

2004 • 89 citations

Evidence-based evaluation of calcium channel blockers for hypertension

2002 • 79 citations

Low‐dose Antihypertensive Treatment with a Thiazide Diuretic Is Not Diabetogenic

1986 • 76 citations

β-blockers in hypertension—the emperor has no clothes: an open letter to present and prospective drafters of new guidelines for the treatment of hypertension

2003 • 72 citations

Evidence-based medicine in hypertension: what type of evidence?

2005 • 66 citations

Calcium channel blockade to prevent stroke in hypertensionA meta-analysis of 13 studies with 103,793 subjects

2004 • 65 citations

Science, medicine, and the future : Hypertension

1997 • 36 citations