Sex Differences in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians.

1994 • 2,716 citations

Gender variations in clinical pain experience

1996 • 1,525 citations

High Blood Alcohol Levels in Women

1990 • 1,248 citations

Sex differences in pain

1997 • 1,111 citations

Inheritance and Drug Response

2003 • 1,028 citations

Identification of functionally variant MDR1 alleles among European Americans and African Americans

2001 • 1,000 citations

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Urban Clinic: Risk Factors for Virologic Failure and Adverse Drug Reactions

1999 • 850 citations

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) pH in young, healthy men and women.

1990 • 689 citations

Oral first-pass elimination of midazolam involves both gastrointestinal and hepatic CYP3A-mediated metabolism*

1996 • 598 citations

A Mechanistic Approach to Understanding the Factors Affecting Drug Absorption: A Review of Fundamentals

2002 • 595 citations

Gender Differences in Pharmacokinetics of Alcohol

2001 • 502 citations

Sex, gender, and pain: Women and men really are different

2000 • 469 citations

Population Pharmacokinetics of Propofol

2000 • 432 citations

How Important Are Gender Differences in Pharmacokinetics?

2002 • 430 citations

Effect of age and gender on the activity of human hepatic CYP3A

1992 • 425 citations

The contribution of intestinal and hepatic CYP3A to the interaction between midazolam and clarithromycin*

1998 • 404 citations

Characterization of fluids from the stomach and proximal jejunum in men and women.

1997 • 394 citations

Do Women Have More Adverse Drug Reactions?

2001 • 378 citations

Sex Differences in Morphine Analgesia

2000 • 356 citations

Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: I. In vitro-in vivo correlations in liver transplant patients.

1994 • 350 citations

Diazepam disposition determinants

1980 • 348 citations

Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: effect of age, gender, and race

2003 • 340 citations

Sex Differences in Opioid Analgesia: “From Mouse to Man”

2003 • 300 citations

Influence of gender and menopause on gastric emptying and motility

1989 • 293 citations

Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel: Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test

1994 • 291 citations

Gender differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of psychotropic medication

1992 • 257 citations

Interindividual variation in expression of P-glycoprotein in normal human liver and secondary hepatic neoplasms.

1995 • 254 citations

Does Gender Affect Appraisal of Pain and Pain Coping Strategies?

1999 • 242 citations

Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: II. Characterization of inter- and intraindividual hepatic CYP3A variability after liver transplantation.

1994 • 221 citations

Sex Differences in Nevirapine Rash

2001 • 216 citations

Gender differences in drug effects: implications for anesthesiologists

2003 • 215 citations

Effects of age and gender on in vitro properties of human liver microsomal monooxygenases

1990 • 207 citations

Sex-dependent expression and clofibrate inducibility of cytochrome P450 4A fatty acid omega-hydroxylases. Male specificity of liver and kidney CYP4A2 mRNA and tissue-specific regulation by growth hormone and testosterone.

1992 • 207 citations

Comparison of the elimination between perfluorinated fatty acids with different carbon chain length in rats

2001 • 200 citations

Gender Differences in Gut Transit Shown with a Newly Developed Radiological Procedure

2003 • 174 citations

The relationship between ritonavir plasma levels and side-effects: implications for therapeutic drug monitoring

1999 • 174 citations

Gender-based effects on methylprednisolone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

1993 • 167 citations

Interactions between the cytochrome P450 system and the second-generation antipsychotics.

2003 • 165 citations

Sex‐related differences in the clearance of cytochrome P450 3A4 substrates may be caused by P‐glycoprotein

2002 • 158 citations

Physiological Changes During the Menstrual Cycle and Their Effects on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Drugs

1998 • 151 citations

Changes in plasma drug binding and α1-acid glycoprotein in mother and newborn infant

1981 • 150 citations

Women Emerge from General Anesthesia with Propofol/Alfentanil/Nitrous Oxide Faster than Men

1999 • 146 citations

Virologic, Immunologic, and Clinical Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: the Gender Issue Revisited

2003 • 141 citations

Age but not gender selectively affects expression of individual cytochrome P450 proteins in human liver

1995 • 141 citations

Pain inhibition, nicotine, and gender.

1998 • 139 citations

Comparison of urinary 6-β-cortisol and the erythromycin breath test as measures of hepatic P450IIIA (CYP3A) activity

1992 • 138 citations

Gender Differences in Cardiovascular and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses to Psychological Stress in Healthy Older Adult Men and Women

2003 • 133 citations

The erythromycin breath test predicts the clearance of midazolam*

1995 • 132 citations

Gender Differences in the Membrane Transport of Endogenous and Exogenous Compounds

2003 • 132 citations

Effects of sex steroid hormones on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in rats

1995 • 131 citations

Failure of erythromycin breath test to correlate with midazolam clearance as a probe of cytochrome P4503A*

1999 • 131 citations

Plasma Protein Binding of Drugs in Pregnancy

1982 • 128 citations

Plasma Protein Binding of Drugs in Pregnancy and in Neonates

1990 • 127 citations

Prednisolone Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Relation to Sex and Race

2001 • 116 citations

Gender‐Specific Effects on Verapamil Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Humans

2000 • 115 citations

Incidence of Adverse Reactions in HIV Patients Treated With Protease Inhibitors: A Cohort Study

2000 • 113 citations

Sex differences in drug- and non-drug-induced analgesia

2003 • 113 citations

Cytochrome P450 Sex Differences in Minipigs and Conventional Pigs

1999 • 113 citations

Enhancement of morphine analgesia by the GABAB agonist baclofen

1995 • 112 citations

Intersubject and dose‐related variability after intravenous administration of erythromycin.

1980 • 112 citations

Gastric Emptying: Comparison of Scintigraphic, Polyethylene Glycol Dilution, and Paracetamol Tracer Assessment Techniques

2000 • 109 citations

Diazepam Kinetics in Relation to Age and Sex

1981 • 109 citations

Quantification of 3-month intraindividual variability and the influence of sex and menstrual cycle phase on CYP3A activity as measured by phenotyping with intravenous midazolam*

1998 • 107 citations

Severe phenytoin intoxication in a subject homozygous for CYP2C9*3

2001 • 103 citations

No sex-related differences but significant inhibition by oral contraceptives of CYP2C19 activity as measured by the probe drugs mephenytoin and omeprazole in healthy Swedish white subjects

2000 • 102 citations

Sex differences in opioid antinociception: κ and ‘mixed action’ agonists

2001 • 98 citations

Differences Between Women and Men in Adverse Events and CD4+ Responses to Nucleoside Analogue Therapy for HIV Infection

2000 • 97 citations

Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Spanish cohorts of HIV seroconverters

2003 • 96 citations

Etiology of portal hypertension may influence gastrointestinal transit

2003 • 93 citations

The Significance of Plasma Protein Binding on the Fetal/Maternal Distribution of Drugs at Steady-State

1988 • 93 citations

Sex differences in GABA/benzodiazepine receptor changes and corticosterone release after acute stress in rats

1994 • 92 citations

Hepatic cytochrome P-4503A (CYP3A) activity in the elderly

1992 • 91 citations

Use of the erythromycin breath test for in vivo assessments of cytochrome P4503A activity and dosage individualization

2001 • 89 citations

Gender Differences in Depression and Antidepressant Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Events

2000 • 88 citations

The normal menstrual cycle has no effect on gastric emptying

1985 • 87 citations

Gender difference in ifosfamide metabolism by human liver microsomes

2001 • 83 citations

Influence of Age on the Pharmacokinetics of Alfentanil

1990 • 82 citations

Effects of Age, Gender and Oral Contraceptives on Intramuscular Midazolam Pharmacokinetics

1988 • 81 citations

Serum protein pattern in normal pregnancy with special reference to acute‐phase reactants

1983 • 81 citations

Hormonal Regulation of Lipoprotein(a) Levels: Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Lipoprotein(a) and Acute Phase Reactants in Postmenopausal Women

1997 • 80 citations

Determinants of recurrent toxicity-driven switches of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The ATHENA Cohort

2002 • 80 citations

Gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of propofol in elderly patients during and after continuous infusion

2001 • 79 citations

Regulation of the expression of two female-predominant CYP3A mRNAs (CYP3A41 and CYP3A44) in mouse liver by sex and growth hormones

2002 • 78 citations

Sex differences in N-methyl-d-aspartate involvement in κ opioid and non-opioid predator-induced analgesia in mice

1997 • 78 citations

Pharmacokinetics of verapamil and norverapamil from controlled release floating pellets in humans

2002 • 76 citations

Heterogeneity of cytochrome P450IIIA expression in rat gut epithelia

1992 • 76 citations

Dose-Response and Time Course of Effect of Rocuronium in Male and Female Anesthetized Patients

1997 • 74 citations

How useful is the ‘cocktail approach’ for evaluating human hepatic drug metabolizing capacity using cytochrome P450 phenotyping probes in vivo ?

2003 • 74 citations

Female sex and the use of anti-allergic agents increase the risk of developing cutaneous rash associated with nevirapine therapy

2001 • 72 citations

Evaluation of small-bowel transit for solid and liquid test meal in healthy men and women

1999 • 72 citations

Gender Differences in Virologic Response to Treatment in an HIV-Positive Population: A Cohort Study

2001 • 71 citations

Adverse Events from Drug Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease

1996 • 71 citations

Faster clearance of sustained release verapamil in men versus women: Continuing observations on sex-specific differences after oral administration of verapamil

2000 • 71 citations

Effect of four oral contraceptives on thyroid hormones, adrenal and blood pressure parameters

2003 • 71 citations

Pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy.

1991 • 67 citations

Gender and age as factors in the inhibition of renal clearance of amantadine by quinine and quinidine

1993 • 64 citations

Gender and Clinical Outcomes After Starting Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment: A Cohort Study

2002 • 63 citations

Drug Interactions and Interindividual Variability of Ciclosporin Metabolism in the Small Intestine

1996 • 62 citations

Sexual Dimorphism and Tissue Specificity in the Expression of CYP4F Forms in Sprague Dawley Rats

2002 • 60 citations

Renal excretion of perfluorooctanoic acid in male rats: Inhibitory effect of testosterone

1992 • 60 citations

The effects of menopause and hormone replacement therapies on prednisolone and erythromycin pharmacokinetics*

1996 • 60 citations

Oral estrogen treatment induces a decrease in expression of sialyl Lewis x on α₁ glycoprotein in females and male-to-female transsexuals

1996 • 60 citations

Lack of Gender Differences and Large Intrasubject Variability in Cytochrome P450 Activity Measured by Phenotyping with Dextromethorphan

2001 • 57 citations

Influence of Sex Differences on the Renal Secretion of Organic Anions

1998 • 57 citations

Effects of progesterone on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in male rats

2002 • 56 citations

Sex differences in p-aminohippuric acid transport in rat kidney: role of membrane fluidity and expression of OAT1.

2002 • 56 citations

Are There Changes in Gastric Emptying during the Menstrual Cycle?

1999 • 55 citations

Salicylate metabolism: Effects of age and sex in adults

1986 • 55 citations

Sex differences in absorption kinetics of sodium salicylate

1982 • 53 citations

Population analyses of sustained‐release verapamil in patients: Effects of sex, race, and smoking

2003 • 53 citations

Effects of age and sex on the disposition of retigabine

2003 • 53 citations

Analgesia induced by chronic nicotine infusion in rats

2001 • 52 citations

Intraindividual Variability in Male Hepatic CYP3A4 Activity Assessed by Alfentanil and Midazolam Clearance

1999 • 51 citations

Age and gender related changes in stereoselective pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil and norverapamil.

1995 • 51 citations

Route of administration and sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of aspirin, administered as its lysine salt.

1989 • 50 citations

Sex differences in cocaine- and nicotine-induced antinociception in the rat

1998 • 48 citations

Insights into Gender Bias: Rat Cytochrome P450 3A9

2003 • 47 citations

Influence of gender on proximal gastric motor and sensory function

2001 • 47 citations

Pimozide in the treatment of newly admitted schizophrenic patients

1982 • 45 citations

LIVER BLOOD FLOW DURING HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATION AND CONVENTIONAL MECHANICAL VENTILATION

1984 • 44 citations

The Pharmacologic Treatment of Depression

2002 • 44 citations

A comparison of the ontogeny of enterocytic and hepatic cytochromes P450 3A in the rat

2000 • 42 citations

Involvement of cholecystokinin receptor in the inhibition of gastric emptying by oxytocin in male rats

2002 • 42 citations

The Induction of Five Rat Hepatic P450 Cytochromes by Phenobarbital and Similarly Acting Compounds Is Regulated by a Sexually Dimorphic, Dietary-Dependent Endocrine Factor That Is Highly Strain Specific

1994 • 41 citations

The Pharmacokinetics of Vecuronium in Male and Female Patients

1998 • 41 citations

Cytochrome P450 2D6 Genotyping and Association with Tardive Dyskinesia in Chinese Schizophrenic Patients

2001 • 41 citations

Intra-individual variation and sex differences in gene expression of cytochromes P450 in circulating leukocytes

2002 • 40 citations

The Effects of Age and Gender on the Optimal Premedication Dose of Intramuscular Midazolam

1998 • 40 citations

The effect of hormone replacement therapy on CYP3A activity

2000 • 40 citations

Age does not affect basal gastric acid secretion in normal subjects or in patients with acid-peptic disease.

1994 • 40 citations

Delayed gastric emptying in conscious male rats following chronic estrogen and progesterone treatment

1995 • 39 citations

The effects of age and gender on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of verapamil

1993 • 37 citations

Relative potency of vecuronium in male and female patients in Britain and Australia

1994 • 36 citations

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN ETHANOL METABOLISM: ISSUES AND GOALS FOR PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING*

2000 • 35 citations

The influence of gender and sex steroid hormones on the plasma binding of propranolol enantiomers.

1994 • 33 citations

Effects of gender on the pharmacokinetics of drugs secreted by the renal organic anions transport systems in the rat

2002 • 32 citations

Population pharmacokinetic analysis of mizolastine and validation from sparse data on patients using the nonparametric maximum likelihood method.

1998 • 31 citations

Chronic exposure to morphine decreases physiologically active corticosterone in both male and female rats but by different mechanisms.

1998 • 30 citations

A Controlled Clinical Trial of Fluspirilene, A Long-Acting Injectable Neuroleptic, in Schizophrenic Patients with Acute Exacerbation

1986 • 29 citations

Gender Differences in Pharmacokinetics of Alcohol

2001 • 28 citations

Gender-Related Differences in Iron Absorption by Preadolescent Children

1991 • 27 citations

Microheterogeneity of α1-acid glycoprotein: variation during the menstrual cycle in healthy women, and profile in women receiving estrogen-progestogen treatment

1990 • 27 citations

Dose-response curve and time-course of effect of vecuronium in male and female patients

1998 • 26 citations

Plasma α1-acid glycoprotein levels in pregnancy

1981 • 24 citations

Vecuronium: an anthropometric comparison

1992 • 24 citations

Effect of Gender on the Pharmacokinetics of Ofloxacin

1999 • 23 citations

Hormonal Effects on Tirilazad Clearance in Women: Assessment of the Role of CYP3A

1999 • 22 citations

Sex differences in the disposition of albendazole metabolites in sheep

1998 • 22 citations

Sex-dependent induction of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in rats

1999 • 19 citations

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Oral Eletriptan during Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Volunteers

2001 • 19 citations

Differential regulation of cytochrome P450 3A1 and P450 3A2 in rat liver following dexamethasone treatment

1995 • 18 citations

Induction of "male-specific" cytochrome P450 isozymes in female rats by oxandrolone.

1995 • 15 citations

EFFICACY OF EPIDURAL BUTORPHANOL COMPARED TO MORPHINE FOR THE RELIEF OF POSTOPERATIVE PAIN

1986 • 14 citations

Gender differences in the disposition of metronidazole

2001 • 14 citations

Pharmacokinetics of oral fleroxacin in male and premenopausal female volunteers

1996 • 11 citations

Sex‐related difference in oxidative metabolism of testosterone and erythromycin by hamster liver microsomes

1988 • 11 citations

Plasma protein binding of penbutolol in pregnancy

1988 • 10 citations

Influence of Sex Differences on the Renal Secretion of Organic Anions

1998 • 9 citations

Gender difference in enzymes related with alcohol consumption in hamster, an avid consumer of alcohol

2001 • 9 citations

Gastric ulcers differ from duodenal ulcers evaluation of basal acid output

1993 • 8 citations

Gastric mucosal damage induced by lateral hypothalamic lesions in female rats: Influence of age and ovariectomy

1991 • 7 citations

Use of the erythromycin breath test for in vivo assessments of cytochrome P4503A activity and dosage individualization

2001 • 3 citations