The Role of the Complement Cascade in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Implications for Neuroprotection

Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease

1995 • 3,893 citations

Cerebral ischemia. II. The no-reflow phenomenon.

1968 • 1,346 citations

Bright and dark sides of nitric oxide in ischemic brain injury

1997 • 1,043 citations

Soluble Human Complement Receptor Type 1: In Vivo Inhibitor of Complement Suppressing Post-Ischemic Myocardial Inflammation and Necrosis

1990 • 989 citations

Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?

1997 • 964 citations

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes occlude capillaries following middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in baboons.

1991 • 741 citations

Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 Gene Expression in Neurons Contributes to Ischemic Brain Damage

1997 • 728 citations

Inflammation and Stroke: Putative Role for Cytokines, Adhesion Molecules and iNOS in Brain Response to Ischemia

2000 • 653 citations

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and stroke.

1992 • 617 citations

Macrophage heterogeneity in the rat as delineated by two monoclonal antibodies MRC OX-41 and MRC OX-42, the latter recognizing complement receptor type 3.

1986 • 602 citations

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist inhibits ischaemic and excitotoxic neuronal damage in the rat

1992 • 547 citations

Cerebral protection in homozygous null ICAM-1 mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Role of neutrophil adhesion in the pathogenesis of stroke.

1996 • 521 citations

The role of complement in inflammation and phagocytosis

1991 • 495 citations

Correlation between myeloperoxidase-quantified neutrophil accumulation and ischemic brain injury in the rat. Effects of neutrophil depletion.

1994 • 485 citations

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Brain following Cerebral Ischemia

1995 • 479 citations

Immunobiology: The immune system in health and disease

1995 • 475 citations

C5a-induced expression of P-selectin in endothelial cells.

1994 • 470 citations

Complement Proteins C5b-9 Induce Secretion of High Molecular Weight Multimers of Endothelial von Willebrand Factor and Translocation of Granule Membrane Protein GMP-140 to the Cell Surface

1989 • 442 citations

P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after focal brain ischemia and reperfusion.

1994 • 428 citations

Myocardial Infarction and Apoptosis After Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion

1998 • 390 citations

THE PHLOGISTIC ROLE OF C3 LEUKOTACTIC FRAGMENTS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTS OF RATS

1971 • 388 citations

Activation of the classical complement pathway in brain tissue of Alzheimer patients

1989 • 385 citations

Reperfusion injury of ischemic skeletal muscle is mediated by natural antibody and complement.

1996 • 378 citations

Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition prevents delayed death of CA1 hippocampal neurons following global ischemia

1998 • 343 citations

Chemistry and Reaction Mechanisms of Complement

1968 • 335 citations

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Vascular Cells After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia

1996 • 331 citations

Advances in the Vascular Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke

2000 • 320 citations

Temporal profile of ischemic tissue damage, neutrophil response, and vascular plugging following permanent and transient (2H) middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

1994 • 319 citations

Neuronal Protection in Stroke by an sLe ^x -Glycosylated Complement Inhibitory Protein

1999 • 313 citations

Two Anticomplementary Factors in Cobra Venom: Hemolysis of Guinea Pig Erythrocytes by One of Them

1969 • 301 citations

Interaction between inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 after cerebral ischemia

1998 • 298 citations

Pharmacology and Biological Efficacy of a Recombinant, Humanized, Single-Chain Antibody C5 Complement Inhibitor in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass

1999 • 289 citations

Spreading depression and focal brain ischemia induce cyclooxygenase-2 in cortical neurons through N -methyl- <scp>d</scp> -aspartic acid-receptors and phospholipase A ₂

1997 • 286 citations

Concomitant cortical expression of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNAs follows early response gene expression in transient focal ischemia

1994 • 278 citations

Reperfusion Injury after Focal Cerebral Ischemia: The Role Inflammation and the The rapeutic Horizon

1998 • 266 citations

Reduction by Cobra Venom Factor of Myocardial Necrosis after Coronary Artery Occlusion

1978 • 264 citations

Endothelial ICAM-1 Expression Associated With Inflammatory Cell Response in Human Ischemic Stroke

1996 • 264 citations

Reperfusion damage following focal ischemia: pathophysiology and therapeutic windows.

1997 • 261 citations

Role of cell adhesion molecules in brain injury after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

1994 • 257 citations

Ischaemic damage of brain microvessels: inherent risks for thrombolytic treatment in stroke

1998 • 257 citations

cDNA Cloning and Primary Structure Analysis of C1qRP, the Human C1q/MBL/SPA Receptor That Mediates Enhanced Phagocytosis In Vitro

1997 • 252 citations

Complement activates Kupffer cells and neutrophils during reperfusion after hepatic ischemia

1993 • 252 citations

Soluble complement receptor type 1 ameliorates the local and remote organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in the rat.

1992 • 247 citations

Deposition of the terminal C5b-9 complement complex in infarcted areas of human myocardium.

1986 • 240 citations

Expression of the receptor for complement C5a (CD88) is up-regulated on reactive astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells in the inflamed human central nervous system.

1997 • 237 citations

Reduced microvascular thrombosis and improved outcome in acute murine stroke by inhibiting GP IIb/IIIa receptor-mediated platelet aggregation.

1998 • 237 citations

Sublytic concentrations of the membrane attack complex of complement induce endothelial interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 through nuclear factor-kappa B activation.

1997 • 227 citations

Marked Induction of Calcium-Independent Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity after Focal Cerebral Ischemia

1995 • 220 citations

Biology of complement: the overture

1991 • 218 citations

Localization and Cell Association of C1q in Alzheimer's Disease Brain

1996 • 216 citations

Inflammation of the brain in Alzheimer's disease: implications for therapy

1999 • 216 citations

Consumption of classical complement components by heart subcellular membranes in vitro and in patients after acute myocardial infarction.

1975 • 204 citations

Selective accumulation of the first component of complement and leukocytes in ischemic canine heart muscle. A possible initiator of an extra myocardial mechanism of ischemic injury.

1985 • 203 citations

Cardioprotective Effects of a C1 Esterase Inhibitor in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion

1995 • 201 citations

Increased IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-17 mRNA Expression in Blood Mononuclear Cells Observed in a Prospective Ischemic Stroke Study

1999 • 190 citations

Proteasome Inhibitor PS519 Reduces Infarction and Attenuates Leukocyte Infiltration in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia

2000 • 183 citations

CD18-Mediated Neutrophil Recruitment Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Reperfused but Not Nonreperfused Stroke

1999 • 178 citations

Complement mRNA in the mammalian brain: Responses to Alzheimer's disease and experimental brain lesioning

1992 • 176 citations

Complement anaphylatoxin receptors on neurons: new tricks for old receptors?

1999 • 174 citations

Complement Localization and Mediation of Ischemic Injury in Baboon Myocardium

1980 • 172 citations

Complement and neutrophil activation in the pathogenesis of ischemic myocardial injury.

1988 • 171 citations

Cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity in the human brain following cerebral ischemia

1999 • 169 citations

Long-Term Preservation of Ischemic Myocardium after Experimental Coronary Artery Occlusion

1978 • 167 citations

Activated terminal complement in cerebrospinal fluid in Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis.

1986 • 163 citations

Complement C1q Is Dramatically Up-Regulated in Brain Microglia in Response to Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia

2000 • 162 citations

Limitation of reperfusion injury by a monoclonal antibody to C5a during myocardial infarction in pigs

1995 • 160 citations

Experimental Antileukocyte Interventions in Cerebral Ischemia

1996 • 158 citations

Mechanism of complement activation after coronary artery occlusion: evidence that myocardial ischemia in dogs causes release of constituents of myocardial subcellular origin that complex with human C1q in vivo.

1988 • 154 citations

Expression of Receptors for Complement Anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a Following Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Mouse

2000 • 150 citations

The temporal profiles of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression after transient MCA occlusion in the rat

1995 • 149 citations

Progressive expression of immunomolecules on activated microglia and invading leukocytes following focal cerebral ischemia in the rat

1996 • 147 citations

The role of neutrophils and platelets in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke.

1991 • 146 citations

Aspartate residue 7 in amyloid β-protein is critical for classical complement pathway activation: Implications for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis

1997 • 143 citations

Complement activation in the central nervous system following blood–brain barrier damage in man

1996 • 141 citations

Complement C1qB and C4 mRNAs responses to lesioning in rat brain

1992 • 139 citations

Expression of a complete and functional complement system by human neuronal cells in vitro

2000 • 135 citations

Platelet activation by C1q results in the induction of alpha IIb/beta 3 integrins (GPIIb-IIIa) and the expression of P-selectin and procoagulant activity.

1993 • 131 citations

Effect of Soluble Complement Receptor-1 on Neutrophil Accumulation after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

1995 • 128 citations

Blocking of classical complement pathway inhibits endothelial adhesion molecule expression and preserves ischemic myocardium from reperfusion injury.

1998 • 126 citations

Microvascular Responses to Cerebral Ischemia/Inflammation^a

1997 • 125 citations

Microvascular effects of complement blockade with soluble recombinant CR1 on ischemia/reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle.

1993 • 124 citations

SNAKE VENOM IN RELATION TO HÆMOLYSIS, BACTERIOLYSIS, AND TOXICITY

1902 • 121 citations

C3 LEUKOTACTIC FACTORS PRODUCED BY A TISSUE PROTEASE

1969 • 114 citations

Time course of complement activation and inhibitor expression after ischemic injury of rat myocardium.

1994 • 112 citations

Superoxide responses of endothelial cells to C5a and TNF-alpha: divergent signal transduction pathways

1992 • 112 citations

Cobra venom factor: structural homology with the third component of human complement.

1984 • 111 citations

Oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte/type-2 astrocyte progenitor cells of adult rats are specifically susceptible to the lytic effects of complement in absence of antibody.

1989 • 108 citations

Activated complement components C3a and C4a in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma following subarachnoid hemorrhage

1989 • 103 citations

Effects of complement activation in the isolated heart. Role of the terminal complement components.

1992 • 102 citations

Comparative effect of C3a and C5a on adhesion molecule expression on neutrophils and endothelial cells

1996 • 101 citations

Significance of the Inflammatory Response in Brain Ischemia

1996 • 101 citations

Biochemical and molecular characteristics of the brain with developing cerebral infarction.

1999 • 99 citations

Complement Activation and Inhibition in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

1994 • 97 citations

Immune complexes and complement activation following rupture of intracranial saccular aneurysms

1987 • 93 citations

Calcium‐independent NO‐synthase activity and nitrites/nitrates production in transient focal cerebral ischaemia in mice

1997 • 90 citations

Loss of expression of protectin (CD59) is associated with complement membrane attack complex deposition in myocardial infarction.

1992 • 90 citations

Antibody-independent complement activation by myelin via the classical complement pathway.

1982 • 86 citations

The role of complement in disorders of the nervous system

1997 • 78 citations

Structural and functional evidence for microglial expression of C1qRP, the C1q receptor that enhances phagocytosis

2000 • 77 citations

Glial responses, clusterin, and complement in permanent focal cerebral ischemia in the mouse

2000 • 76 citations

REGULATION OF THE COMPLEMENT CASCADE BY SOLUBLE COMPLEMENT RECEPTOR TYPE 1

1995 • 76 citations

Complement localization in ischemic baboon myocardium.

1983 • 75 citations

Complement Depletion Improves Neurological Function in Cerebral Ischemia

1998 • 73 citations

Complement Inhibition Attenuates Human Lung Transplant Reperfusion Injury

1999 • 73 citations

Multiple nature of the third component of guinea-pig complement. I. Separation and characterization of three factors a, b, and c, essential for haemolysis.

1965 • 72 citations

Regulatory control of the terminal complement proteins at the surface of human endothelial cells: neutralization of a C5b-9 inhibitor by antibody to CD59

1990 • 72 citations

Chemotaxis of leucocytes

1968 • 72 citations

Attenuation of Interleukin-8 Expression in C6-deficient Rabbits After Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion

1998 • 66 citations

The expression of complement regulatory proteins by adult human oligodendrocytes

1998 • 64 citations

Inhibition of interleukin‐6 synthesis in an animal model of septic shock by anti‐C5a monoclonal antibodies

1996 • 64 citations

EFFECT OF REPETITIVE HIGH-DOSE TREATMENT WITH SOLUBLE COMPLEMENT RECEPTOR TYPE 1 AND COBRA VENOM FACTOR ON DISCORDANT XENOGRAFT SURVIVAL1,2

1996 • 61 citations

Cardioprotective effects of selective inhibition of the two complement activation pathways in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.

1995 • 58 citations

Recombinant Glycoproteins That Inhibit Complement Activation and Also Bind the Selectin Adhesion Molecules

1999 • 57 citations

Neutrophils and myocardial reperfusion injury

1996 • 53 citations

Pathophysiological process after transient ischemia of the middle cerebral artery in the rat

1994 • 53 citations

COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION AS A CAUSE FOR PRIMARY GRAFT FAILURE IN AN ISOGENEIC RAT MODEL OF HYPOTHERMIC LUNG PRESERVATION AND TRANSPLANTATION

1997 • 53 citations

Influence of the terminal complement-complex on reperfusion injury, no-reflow and arrhythmias: a comparison between C6-competent and C6-deficient rabbits

1996 • 49 citations

Systemic Complement Depletion Inhibits Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm

1996 • 45 citations

Inhibition of Complement as a Therapeutic Approach in Inflammatory Central Nervous System (CNS) Disease

1999 • 44 citations

Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in the rat brain after a mild episode of focal ischemia without tissue inflammation or neural cell damage

1999 • 42 citations

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and adhesion

1997 • 42 citations

Strategies for targeting complement inhibitors in ischaemia/reperfusion injury

1999 • 41 citations

Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians

1999 • 41 citations

Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Microcirculatory Perfusion in Acute Stroke in the SHR.

1996 • 39 citations

A blockade of complement activation prevents rapid intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury by modulating mucosal mast cell degranulation in rats

1998 • 38 citations

Complement plays an essential role in shock following intestinal ischaemia in rats

1996 • 38 citations

Neutrophil chemotactic factors and related clinical disorders

1970 • 35 citations

Complement depletion does not reduce brain injury in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke

1999 • 32 citations

Neutrophil activation in acute human central nervous system injury

1997 • 31 citations

Complement Depletion in a Porcine Model of Septic Acute Respiratory Disease

1987 • 31 citations

Structure and functions of the interaction domains of C1r and C1s: keystones of the architecture of the C1 complex

1999 • 28 citations

Soluble Complement Receptor Type I Limits Damage During Revascularization of Ischemic Myocardium

1998 • 27 citations

P-selectin mediates intestinal ischemic injury by enhancing complement deposition

1996 • 27 citations

Therapeutic approaches to the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.

1998 • 26 citations

Therapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Neuroinflammatory Diseases

1998 • 24 citations

Expression of complement messenger RNAs by human endothelial cells

2000 • 23 citations

Complement, cytokines, and adhesion molecule expression in inflammatory reactions.

1998 • 20 citations

Immune control in experimental subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

1978 • 18 citations

Hypoxia-induced expression of C1q, a subcomponent of the complement system, in cultured rat PC12 Cells

2000 • 15 citations

Combination of IL-8 Plus TNFα Induces Additive Neutrophil Migration

1999 • 12 citations

Activation of complement by tissue plasminogen activator, but not acute cerebral ischemia, in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke

1997 • 11 citations

The Cleavage of Two C1s Subunits by a Single Active C1r Reveals Substantial Flexibility of the C1s-C1r-C1r-C1s Tetramer in the C1 Complex

2000 • 9 citations

Targeting the complement system

1999 • 8 citations

Protective effect of cobra venom factor on pulmonary injury induced by oleic acid

1994 • 6 citations

The anaphylatoxin receptor for complement C3a is expressed by rat microglia and rat oligodendrocytes. Role in cell chemotaxis and cell activation

1998 • 2 citations

[Cerebral infarct and the immune response].

1997 • 1 citations