Mechanism of Interferon Action: Progress toward Its Understanding

Virus interference. I. The interferon

1957 • 3,331 citations

The Interferon System

1979 • 1,035 citations

pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A: an inhibitor of protein synthesis synthesized with an enzyme fraction from interferon-treated cells.

1978 • 787 citations

Phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF-2 and the control of reticulocyte protein synthesis

1977 • 750 citations

Human leukocyte interferon produced by E. coli is biologically active

1980 • 528 citations

The structure of eight distinct cloned human leukocyte interferon cDNAs

1981 • 509 citations

The structure of one of the eight or more distinct chromosomal genes for human interferon-α

1980 • 486 citations

Inhibition of cell-free protein synthesis by pppA2′ p5′ A2′ p5′ A: a novel oligonucleotide synthesized by interferon-treated L cell extracts

1978 • 435 citations

Interferon-mediated protein kinase and low-molecular-weight inhibitor of protein synthesis

1976 • 435 citations

Interferon-induced enzymatic activities and their role in the antiviral state

1979 • 392 citations

Interferon Action: RNA Cleavage Pattern of a (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate—Dependent Endonuclease

1981 • 357 citations

Interferon, double-stranded RNA, and protein phosphorylation.

1976 • 328 citations

Interferon action—sequence specificity of the ppp(A2′p)nA-dependent ribonuclease

1981 • 321 citations

Interferon action may be mediated by activation of a nuclease by pppA2′p5′A2′p5′A

1978 • 310 citations

Isolation and structure of a human fibroblast interferon gene

1980 • 300 citations

Accumulation of an mRNA and protein in interferon-treated Ehrlich ascites tumour cells

1979 • 297 citations

Differential efficacies of human type I and type II interferons as antiviral and antiproliferative agents.

1980 • 286 citations

At Least Three Human Type α Interferons: Structure of α2

1980 • 274 citations

Human leukocyte and fibroblast interferons are structurally related

1980 • 273 citations

Mechanism of interferon action: Phosphorylation of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 in interferon-treated human cells by a ribosome-associated kinase processing site specificity similar to hemin-regulated rabbit reticulocyte kinase

1979 • 263 citations

Structural requirements of double-stranded RNA for the activation of 2‘,5‘-oligo(A) polymerase and protein kinase of interferon-treated HeLa cells.

1979 • 263 citations

2-5A synthetase: assay, distribution and variation with growth or hormone status

1979 • 260 citations

The nucleotide sequence of human fibroblast interferon cDNA

1980 • 253 citations

Ribosomal RNA cleavage, nuclease activation and 2-5A (ppp(A2′p)_nA) in interferon-treated cells

1981 • 245 citations

Natural occurrence of 2-5A in interferon-treated EMC virus-infected L cells

1979 • 245 citations

Radioimmune, radiobinding and HPLC analysis of 2-5A and related oligonucleotides from intact cells

1980 • 242 citations

Specific phosphorylation in vitro of a protein associated with ribosomes of interferon‐treated mouse L cells

1976 • 238 citations

Interferon action: two distinct pathways for inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA.

1978 • 216 citations

Priming: a Nonantiviral Function of Interferon

1971 • 210 citations

Double-Stranded Poliovirus RNA Inhibits Initiation of Protein Synthesis by Reticulocyte Lysates

1971 • 204 citations

Purification of mouse interferon by sequential affinity chromatography on poly(U)– and antibody–agarose columns

1978 • 203 citations

Heterogeneity of poly(I).poly(C)-induced human fibroblast interferon mRNA species

1980 • 199 citations

Isolation of two interferon-induced translational inhibitors: a protein kinase and an oligo-isoadenylate synthetase.

1978 • 194 citations

Interferons and the immune system

1980 • 194 citations

Human Fibroblast Interferon: Amino Acid Analysis and Amino Terminal Amino Acid Sequence

1980 • 192 citations

Double-stranded RNA in Vaccinia Virus Infected Cells

1969 • 191 citations

Target cell specificity of two species of human interferon-alpha produced in Escherichia coli and of hybrid molecules derived from them.

1981 • 190 citations

Antiviral activity of interferons

1977 • 189 citations

An interferon-induced phosphodiesterase degrading (2'-5') oligoisoadenylate and the C-C-A terminus of tRNA.

1979 • 183 citations

Inhibition of protein synthesis by 2′–5′ linked adenine oligonucleotides in intact cells

1978 • 182 citations

Low molecular weight RNAs hydrogen-bonded to nuclear and cytoplasmic poly(a)-terminated RNA from cultured chinese hamster ovary cells

1978 • 181 citations

Increased sensitivity of cell-free protein synthesis to double-stranded RNA after interferon treatment

1974 • 179 citations

Interferon effects on microfilament organization cellular fibronectin distribution, and cell motility in human fibroblasts

1980 • 178 citations

Interferon: purification and initial characterization from human diploid cells.

1976 • 175 citations

Synthesis of 2'5'-oligo(A) in extracts of interferon-treated HeLa cells.

1979 • 174 citations

Binding of interferon to gangliosides

1974 • 171 citations

Molecular basis of interferon action: Inhibition of viral RNA translation

1966 • 171 citations

Defective interfering particles with covalently linked [±]RNA induce interferon

1977 • 169 citations

Interferon action: Isolation of Nuclease F, A translation inhibitor activated by interferon‐induced (2′–5′) oligo‐isoadenylate

1978 • 167 citations

Anticellular and antiviral effects of pppA(2′p5′A)n

1980 • 164 citations

Mechanism for discrimination between viral and host mRNA in interferon-treated cells.

1979 • 163 citations

The nucleotide sequence of a cloned human leukocyte Interferon cDNA

1980 • 158 citations

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus: Mode of Transcription

1977 • 158 citations

Amino Terminal Sequence of the Major Component of Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon

1980 • 156 citations

Increased nuclease activity in cells treated with pppA2'p5'A2'p5' A.

1979 • 155 citations

Host gene influences sensitivity to interferon action selectively for influenza virus

1980 • 154 citations

Mechanism of Interferon Action: Inhibition of Viral Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Translation in L-Cell Extracts

1972 • 154 citations

Appearance of interferon inducibility and sensitivity during differentiation of murine teratocarcinoma cells in vitro

1978 • 154 citations

Regulation of lymphocyte mitogenesis by (2′–5′) oligo-isoadenylate

1979 • 148 citations

Induction and decay of human fibroblast interferon mRNA.

1977 • 142 citations

Interferon, double-stranded RNA, and RNA degradation: activation of an endonuclease by (2'-5')An.

1979 • 140 citations

Effect of interferon on exogenous, endogenous, and chronic murine leukemia virus infection

1976 • 137 citations

Viral Infection and Host Defense

1974 • 136 citations

Interferon and Cell Division. IX. Interferon-Resistant L1210 Cells: Characteristics and Origin2

1974 • 132 citations

Induction of 2′5′-oligoadenylate synthetase activity and a new protein by chick interferon

1979 • 131 citations

Interferon, double-stranded RNA, and protein phosphorylation. Characteristics of a double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase system partially purified from interferon treated Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

1978 • 128 citations

Leukocyte and fibroblast interferon genes are located on human chromosome 9.

1981 • 127 citations

Structure of the poliovirus replicative intermediate RNA

1968 • 127 citations

A protein synthesizing system from interferon-treated cells that discriminates between cellular and viral messenger RNAs

1974 • 125 citations

Antibodies to a cell-surface component coded by human chromosome 21 inhibit action of interferon

1976 • 124 citations

Interferons and their actions

1977 • 122 citations

Interferon inhibits the conversion of 3T3-L1 mouse fibroblasts into adipocytes.

1980 • 121 citations

Fibroblast interferon induces synthesis of four proteins in human fibroblast cells.

1979 • 118 citations

Interferon action: induction of specific proteins in mouse and human cells by homologous interferons.

1979 • 118 citations

DNA Sequence of Two Closely Linked Human Leukocyte Interferon Genes

1981 • 110 citations

Activation of a nuclease by pppA2′p5′ A2′p5′ A in intact cells

1979 • 108 citations

Mouse Interferons: Amino Terminal Amino Acid Sequences of Various Species

1980 • 108 citations

Correlation Between the Antiviral Effect of Interferon Treatment and the Inhibition of In Vitro mRNA Translation in Noninfected L cells

1973 • 107 citations

Human Leukocyte Interferon Purified to Homogeneity

1978 • 105 citations

Interferon, double-stranded RNA and mRNA degradation

1976 • 104 citations

Metabolic stability of 2′ 5′oligo (A) and activity of 2′ 5′oligo (A)-dependent endonuclease in extracts of interferon-treated and control HeLa cells

1979 • 103 citations

Enzymic Synthesis, Characterisation and Nuclear‐Magnetic‐Resonance Spectra of pppA2′p5′A2′p5′A and Related Oligonucleotides: Comparison with Chemically Synthesised Material

1979 • 101 citations

Interferons and interferon inducers

1973 • 100 citations

Increased Susceptibility of Cells Treated with Interferon to the Toxicity of Polyriboinosinic·Polyribocytidylic Acid

1972 • 98 citations

Interferon-directed inhibition of chronic murine leukemia virus production in cell cultures: lack of effect on intracellular viral markers

1975 • 96 citations

Interferon enhances 2-5A synthetase in embryonal carcinoma cells

1979 • 95 citations

Increased levels of (2'-5')oligo(A) polymerase activity in human lymphoblastoid cells treated with glucocorticoids.

1980 • 91 citations

Mode of action of the hemin-controlled inhibitor of protein synthesis.

1978 • 90 citations

Interferon, double-stranded RNA, and RNA degradation. Isolation of homogeneous pppA(2'p5'A)n-1 synthetase from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

1980 • 86 citations

Effect of Interferon-α1 from E. coli on Some Cell Functions

1980 • 86 citations

Purification of interferon from mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

1978 • 86 citations

Synthesis of two distinct interferons by human fibroblasts

1978 • 82 citations

Virus-specific effects of interferon in embryonal carcinoma cells

1980 • 82 citations

The interferon-induced protein kinase PK-i from mouse L cells.

1979 • 81 citations

Trapping of oncornavirus particles at the surface of interferon-treated cells

1976 • 78 citations

Interferon, Double‐Stranded RNA and RNA Degradation

1977 • 78 citations

Mechanism of interferon action Kinetics of interferon action in mouse L929 cells: Translation inhibition, protein phosphorylation, and messenger RNA methylation and degradation

1977 • 78 citations

Analogs of (2‘-5‘)oligo(A). Endonuclease activation and inhibition of protein synthesis in intact cells.

1981 • 75 citations

The effect of interferon on SV40 T antigen production in SV40-transformed cells

1967 • 74 citations

Abnormal behavior of interferon-induced enzymatic activities in an interferon-resistant cell line.

1980 • 74 citations

Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes: mechanism of protein synthesis inhibition by heme-regulated inhibitor.

1979 • 74 citations

Interferon-dependent induction of mRNA activity for (2′–5′)oligo-isoadenylate synthetase

1980 • 74 citations

Interferon-induced proteins in human fibroblasts and development of the antiviral state

1980 • 74 citations

Control of messenger RNA translation by minor species of leucyl-transfer RNA in extracts from interferon-treated L cells

1976 • 73 citations

Superinduction of human fibroblast interferon production: Further evidence for increased stability of interferon mRNA

1978 • 73 citations

2‘,5‘-Oligoadenylate synthetase activity in lymphocytes from normal mouse.

1979 • 71 citations

Blocks in Elongation and Initiation of Protein Synthesis Induced by Interferon Treatment in Mouse L Cells

1975 • 70 citations

Presence of human chromosome 21 alone is sufficient for hybrid cell sensitivity to human interferon

1978 • 68 citations

Reovirus mRNA: transcription and translation

1976 • 67 citations

Mechanism of the interferon‐induced block of mRNA translation in mouse L cells: Reversal of the block by transfer RNA

1974 • 67 citations

Interferon externalization by producing cell before induction of antiviral state

1975 • 65 citations

Inhibition of viral protein synthesis in monkey cells treated with interferon late in simian virus 40 lytic cycle

1977 • 64 citations

Synthesis of (2'-5')(A)n from ATP. Characteristics of the reaction catalyzed by (2'-5')(A)n synthetase purified from mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells treated with interferon.

1980 • 64 citations

Selective inhibition of viral protein accumulation in interferon-treated cells; nondiscriminate inhibition of the translation of added viral and cellular messenger RNAs in their extracts

1974 • 64 citations

The mechanism of inhibition of reovirus replication by interferon

1975 • 63 citations

Interferon-induced transfer of viral resistance between animal cells

1977 • 62 citations

The mechanism of action of interferon

1975 • 61 citations

Interferon Treatment of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells: Effects on Exogenous mRNA Translation and tRNA Inactivation in the Cell Extract

1976 • 60 citations

Lack of Systematic Correlation between the Interferon Mediated Antiviral State and the Levels of 2-5A Synthetase and Protein Kinase in Three Different Types of Murine Cells

1981 • 59 citations

Dissociation of interferon effects on murine leukemia virus and encephalomyocarditis virus replication in mouse cells

1981 • 58 citations

Inhibition of Interferon Biosynthesis by Actinomycin D

1964 • 58 citations

Ribosomes: Effect of Interferon on Their Interaction with Rapidly Labeled Cellular and Viral RNA's

1967 • 58 citations

Impairment of reovirus mRNA methylation in extracts of interferon-treated Ehrilich ascites tumor cells: further characteristics of the phenomenon

1977 • 58 citations

Unexpectedly rapid action of human interferon in physiological conditions

1975 • 58 citations

Assignment of the Murine Interferon Sensitivity and Cytoplasmic Superoxide Dismutase Genes to Chromosome 16

1980 • 58 citations

Specific protein phosphorylation in interferon-treated uninfected and virus-infected mouse L929 cells: enhancement by double-stranded RNA

1979 • 56 citations

2′5′oligo(A) polymerase activity in serum of mice infected with EMC virus or treated with interferon

1980 • 56 citations

Mechanism of interferon action Properties of an interferon-mediated ribonucleolytic activity from mouse L9z9 cells

1978 • 56 citations

Inhibition by interferon of SV40 tumor antigen formation in cells injected with SV40 cRNA transcribed in vitro

1974 • 56 citations

The 2–5A (pppA2′ p5′ A2′ p5′ A) system in interferon-treated and control cells

1980 • 55 citations

Establishment and Maintenance of the Interferon-Induced Antiviral State: Studies in Enucleated Cells

1974 • 54 citations

Mechanism of interferon-induced inhibition of early simian virus 40 (SV40) functions

1975 • 54 citations

Interferons, double-stranded RNA, and RNA degradation. Isolation and characterization of homogeneous human (2'-5')(a)n synthetase.

1981 • 54 citations

Superinduction of Interferon with Metabolic Inhibitors: Possible Mechanisms and Practical Applications

1976 • 53 citations

Spontaneous Interferon Production and Epstein-Barr Virus Antigen Expression in Human Lymphoid Cell Lines

1975 • 52 citations

Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in Cell-Free Systems from Interferon-Treated, Infected Cells: Further Characterization and Effect of Formylmethionyl-tRNA _F

1974 • 50 citations

Are double-stranded RNA-directed inhibition of protein synthesis in interferon-treated cells and interferon induction related phenomena?

1979 • 48 citations

Interferon Action III. The Rate of Primary Transcription of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus is Inhibited by Interferon Action

1978 • 45 citations

Dr A. S. Russell

1972 • 45 citations

Interferon-mediated Antiviral State in Human MRC5 Cells in the Absence of Detectable Levels of 2-5A Synthetase and Protein Kinase

1981 • 44 citations

Interferon inhibits transformation by murine sarcoma viruses before integration of provirus

1980 • 43 citations

Specificity of Interferon-induced Enhancement of Toxicity for Double-stranded Ribonucleic Acids

1973 • 41 citations

Characteristics of Extracts from Interferon-treated HeLa Cells: Presence of a Protein Kinase and Endoribonuclease Activated by Double-stranded RNA and of an Inhibitor of mRNA Methylation

1977 • 40 citations

Protein Synthesis in Cell-Free Systems: an Effect of Interferon

1971 • 39 citations

Interferon-treated cells release vesicular stomatitis virus particles lacking glycoprotein spikes: correlation with biochemical data.

1980 • 39 citations

Mechanism of Interferon Action: Further Evidence for Transcription as the Primary Site of Action in Simian Virus 40 Infection

1976 • 39 citations

Viral messenger RNA unmethylated in the 5′-terminal guanosine in interferon-treated HeLa cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus

1981 • 37 citations

Effect of Interferon on Mouse Leukaemia Virus (MuLV). V. Abnormal Proteins in Virions of Rauscher MuLV Produced in the Presence of Interferon

1980 • 37 citations

Inhibition of induction of interferon synthesis in L-cells pretreated with interferon

1969 • 36 citations

Double-stranded RNA inhibits a phosphoprotein phosphatase present in interferon-treated cells.

1980 • 35 citations

Regulation of interferon action in human fibroblasts: Transient induction of specific proteins and amplification of the antiviral response by actinomycin D

1981 • 34 citations

Formation and characteristics of reovirus subviral particles in interferon-treated mouse L cells.

1976 • 33 citations

Effects of interferon on the production of murine mammary tumor virus by mammary tumor cells in culture

1980 • 31 citations

Effect of interferon pretreatment on coupled transcription and translation in cell-free extracts of primary chick embryo cells

1978 • 31 citations

Effect of Viral Double-Stranded RNA on Protein Synthesis in Intact Cells

1973 • 31 citations

Control of Simian Virus 40 Gene Expression in Adenovirus-Simian Virus 40 Hybrid Viruses Synthesis of Hybrid Adenovirus 2-Simian Virus 40 RNA Molecules in Cells Infected with a Nondefective Adenovirus 2-Simian Virus 40 Hybrid Virus

1974 • 30 citations

An interferon-induced cellular enzyme is incorporated into virions

1980 • 28 citations

Murine interferon system regulation: Isolation and characterization of a mutant 3T6 cell engaged in the semiconstitutive synthesis of interferon

1978 • 28 citations

Interferon-sensitive mutants of mengovirus

1976 • 28 citations

Cross-linking of viral RNA by 4′-aminomethyl-4,5′,8-trimethylpsoralen in HeLa cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus and the tsG114 mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus

1981 • 27 citations

Mechanism of interferon action interferon-mediated inhibition of simian virus-40 early RNA accumulation

1980 • 27 citations

Mechanisms of Interferon Induced Transfer of Viral Resistance Between Animal Cells

1979 • 26 citations

Inhibition of simian virus 40 replication by interferon treatment late in the lytic cycle

1977 • 26 citations

Interferon-associated, dsRNA-dependent enzyme activities in a mutant 3T6 cell engaged in the semiconstitutive synthesis of interferon

1978 • 26 citations

A comparison of transfer RNA from untreated and interferon-treated murine cells

1976 • 25 citations

Somatic Cell Genetics of Human Interferon Production in Human-Rodent Cell Hybrids

1979 • 24 citations

Impairment of reovirus mRNA ‘cap’ methylation in interferon-treated mouse L929 cells

1979 • 23 citations

An Interferon-sensitive Early Step in the Establishment of Infection of Murine Cells by Murine Sarcoma/Leukaemia Virus

1979 • 22 citations

Release of Interferon-Induced Translation Inhibition by tRNA in Cell-Free Extracts from Mouse Erythroleukemia Cells

1977 • 22 citations

Effect of Interferon on Transcription and Translation of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus in Human and Simian Cell Cultures

1978 • 20 citations

Failure of globin mRNA to stimulate globin synthesis in cell-free extracts of interferon-treated globin-synthesizing mouse erythroleukemic cells

1976 • 18 citations

Decreased initiation factor activity in mouse L cells treated with interferon

1977 • 16 citations

Electrophoretically pure mouse interferon has priming but no blocking activity in poly(I.C.)-induced cells

1980 • 15 citations

Angiosperm fossils from latitude 70°S

1977 • 15 citations

Genetics of the interferon system

1979 • 13 citations

Enucleation and reconstruction of interferon-producing cells.

1977 • 13 citations

Regulation of the stability of poly(I)xpoly(C)-induced human fibroblast interferon mRNA: selective inactivation of interferon mRNA and lack of involvement of 2',5'-oligo(A) synthetase activation during the shutoff of interferon production.

1980 • 12 citations

Methylation of vaccinia virus-specific mRNA in the interferon-treated chick cell

1979 • 10 citations

Interferon-mediated effect on ribosomal RNA metabolism

1978 • 10 citations

PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVITY AND THE NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF 2‐5A IN INTERFERON‐TREATED EMC VIRUS‐INFECTED L‐CELLS

1980 • 10 citations

Pancreatic Regeneration Caused by Ethionine in the Guinea Pig2

1974 • 9 citations

The synthesis and actions of mouse and human interferons in mouse-human hybrid cells

1978 • 7 citations

INTERFERON-INDUCED mRNAs AND PROTEINS IN EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR AND HeLa CELLS

1980 • 6 citations