Syphilis: New Diagnostic Directions

Primer-Directed Enzymatic Amplification of DNA with a Thermostable DNA Polymerase

1988 • 17,059 citations

Invasion of the Central Nervous System by Treponema pallidum: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment

1988 • 577 citations

Alteration in the Natural History of Neurosyphilis by Concurrent Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1987 • 563 citations

The Association Between Genital Ulcer Disease and Acquisition of HIV Infection in Homosexual Men

1988 • 422 citations

Genital ulceration as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection

1988 • 395 citations

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection on the Course of Syphilis and on the Response to Treatment

1990 • 353 citations

Neurologic Relapse after Benzathine Penicillin Therapy for Secondary Syphilis in a Patient with HIV Infection

1987 • 345 citations

Seronegative Secondary Syphilis in a Patient Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) with Kaposi Sarcoma

1987 • 269 citations

Serologic Response to Treatment of Infectious Syphilis

1991 • 251 citations

Sensitive detection of Treponema pallidum by using the polymerase chain reaction

1991 • 208 citations

Neurosyphilis

1985 • 173 citations

Use of polymerase chain reaction and rabbit infectivity testing to detect Treponema pallidum in amniotic fluid, fetal and neonatal sera, and cerebrospinal fluid

1991 • 173 citations

Epidemiology of Primary and Secondary Syphilis in the United States, 1981 Through 1989

1990 • 171 citations

Neurosyphilis and Penicillin Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid

1976 • 169 citations

Ocular Syphilis

1990 • 160 citations

Clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid tests for neurosyphilis

1989 • 148 citations

Congenital Syphilis Presenting in Infants after the Newborn Period

1990 • 145 citations

Detection by polymerase chain reaction of Treponema pallidum DNA in cerebrospinal fluid from neurosyphilis patients before and after antibiotic treatment

1991 • 135 citations

Syphilis and HIV Infection

1989 • 133 citations

Syphilis, Neurosyphilis, Penicillin, and AIDS

1991 • 130 citations

Sensitivity of Treponemal Tests for Detecting Prior Treated Syphilis during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1990 • 114 citations

Antigens of Treponema pallidum Recognized by IgG and IgM Antibodies During Syphilis in Humans

1985 • 113 citations

Ocular Syphilis in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1988 • 112 citations

Unusual manifestations of secondary syphilis and abnormal humoral immune response to Treponema pallidum antigens in a homosexual man with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection

1988 • 110 citations

Biologic Factors in the Sexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1989 • 108 citations

Serological response to syphilis treatment. A new analysis of old data.

1985 • 103 citations

Specific syphilis serological tests may become negative in HIV infection

1991 • 91 citations

Serological Response to Syphilis Treatment

1985 • 89 citations

Characteristics of Patients With Syphilis Attending Baltimore STD Clinics

1991 • 88 citations

Evaluation of the Captia enzyme immunoassays for detection of immunoglobulins G and M to Treponema pallidum in syphilis

1990 • 88 citations

Penicillin Levels in Blood and CSF Achieved by Treatment of Syphilis

1979 • 84 citations

Molecular Analysis of the Fetal IgM Response to Treponema pallidum Antigens: Implications for Improved Serodiagnosis of Congenital Syphilis

1989 • 82 citations

Identification of Spirochetes Related toTreponema pallidumin Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Chronic Periodontitis

1991 • 79 citations

Use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect DNA sequences specific to pathogenic treponemes in cerebrospinal fluid

1990 • 79 citations

Pathogen-related spirochetes identified within gingival tissue from patients with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

1991 • 76 citations

False-negative syphilis screening: The prozone phenomenon, nonimmune hydrops, and diagnosis of syphilis during pregnancy

1990 • 75 citations

Identity of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum polypeptides: Correlation of sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results from different laboratories

1987 • 75 citations

Evaluation of Sera from Patients with Lyme Disease in the Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-absorption Test for Syphilis

1986 • 75 citations

Cerebrospinal Fluid Normalities and Abnormalities in Individuals Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1988 • 74 citations

Treatment of Primary and Secondary Syphilis

1980 • 72 citations

Detection of Treponema pallidum in lesion exudate with a pathogen-specific monoclonal antibody

1985 • 66 citations

Neurosyphilis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Seropositive Individuals

1991 • 64 citations

Evaluation of a Treponema pallidum western immunoblot assay as a confirmatory test for syphilis

1992 • 64 citations

Syphilitic Retinitis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Related Complex

1987 • 62 citations

Polymerase chain reaction and synthetic DNA probes: a means of distinguishing the causative agents of syphilis and yaws?

1990 • 61 citations

Syphilis in Adults

1990 • 61 citations

Acute Syphilitic Meningitis

1986 • 61 citations

Detection of Treponema pallidum by a Fluorescent Monoclonal Antibody Test

1987 • 60 citations

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to Treponema pallidum.

1985 • 60 citations

Sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the recombinant DNA-derived Treponema pallidum protein TmpA for serodiagnosis of syphilis and the potential use of TmpA for assessing the effect of antibiotic therapy

1989 • 59 citations

Detection of treponemal DNA in the CSF of patients with syphilis and HIV infection using the polymerase chain reaction.

1990 • 59 citations

Lues maligna in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection

1988 • 59 citations

Enzyme immunoassay for anti-treponemal IgG: screening or confirmatory test?

1992 • 58 citations

Recognition of Treponema pallidum Antigens by IgM and IgG Antibodies in Congenitally Infected Newborns and Their Mothers

1988 • 57 citations

Detection of Treponema pallidum in early syphilis by DNA amplification

1992 • 57 citations

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis immunoblotting as a serological tool in the diagnosis of syphilitic infections

1985 • 57 citations

Syphilis With a Negative Blood Test Reaction

1964 • 56 citations

Evaluation of immunoglobulin M western blot analysis in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis

1990 • 54 citations

SHORT COMMUNICATION

1991 • 53 citations

Syphilis and blood transfusion: a global perspective

1990 • 52 citations

Immunological Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1988 • 50 citations

Neurosyphilis in AIDS patients

1990 • 50 citations

Bilateral Syphilitic Optic Neuritis in a Patient With a Positive Test for HIV

1987 • 49 citations

Sequence analysis of the 47-kilodalton major integral membrane immunogen of Treponema pallidum

1989 • 48 citations

Cerebrospinal Fluid Penicillin Levels During Therapy for Latent Syphilis

1981 • 46 citations

Evidence for recent changes in sexual behavior in homosexual men in England and Wales

1989 • 46 citations

Screening for treponemal infection by a new enzyme immunoassay.

1989 • 42 citations

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin M antibody against the Reiter treponeme flagellum in syphilis

1982 • 42 citations

Primary and secondary syphilis, 20 years' experience. 3: Diagnosis, treatment, and follow up.

1989 • 41 citations

Trends in Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Homosexually Active Men in King County, Washington, 1980–1990

1990 • 41 citations

IgG and IgM Antibody Reactivity to Antigens of Treponema pallid um after Treatment of Syphilis

1986 • 40 citations

Serodiagnosis of Syphilis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Purified Recombinant Treponema pallidum Antigen 4D

1986 • 40 citations

Modern neurosyphilis--a critical analysis.

1988 • 38 citations

Examination of amniotic fluid in diagnosing congenital syphilis with fetal death

1990 • 38 citations

Solid-hase hemadsorption: a method for rapid detection of Treponema pallidum-specific IgM.

1980 • 38 citations

Penicillin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during repository treatment regimen for syphilis.

1988 • 37 citations

Syphilis and HIV Infection

1989 • 37 citations

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to the venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) antigen in syphilis

1987 • 36 citations

Ulcerative syphilis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case of precocious tertiary syphilis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus

1989 • 35 citations

Molecular specificities of monoclonal antibodies directed against virulent Treponema pallidum

1986 • 35 citations

Effect of early and late syphilis on central nervous system: cerebrospinal fluid changes and neurological deficit.

1987 • 34 citations

Specific direct fluorescent antibody detection of Treponema pallidum.

1977 • 34 citations

Overproduction and purification of Treponema pallidum recombinant-DNA-derived proteins TmpA and TmpB and their potential use in serodiagnosis of syphilis

1989 • 34 citations

Solid-phase Hemadsorption

1980 • 31 citations

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AN OUTBREAK OF INFECTIOUS SYPHILIS IN MANITOBA

1987 • 31 citations

Clinical Practice in Sexually Transmissible Diseases

1989 • 30 citations

Importance of specific IgM antibodies in 116 patients with various stages of syphilis.

1985 • 29 citations

Penicillin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and serum after intramuscular, intravenous, and oral administration to syphilitic patients

1983 • 29 citations

Comparative Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Heterosexual Men, Homosexual Men, and Heterosexual Womend

1984 • 27 citations

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for treponemal antibody

1985 • 25 citations

Benign tertiary syphilis and HIV infection

1988 • 25 citations

Double-conjugate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulins G and M against Treponema pallidum

1984 • 24 citations

Are serological tests of value in diagnosing and monitoring response to treatment of syphilis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus?

1988 • 24 citations

Recent Advances in Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS

1991 • 24 citations

lmmunochemical Characterization and Purification of Treponema pallidum Antigen TpD Expressed by Escherichia coli K12

1986 • 24 citations

Does it Make Sense for Blood Transfusion Services to Continue the Time‐Honored Syphilis Screening with Cardiolipin Antigen?

1981 • 23 citations

Treponemal infections.

1982 • 23 citations

Syphilis and HIV Infection

1991 • 23 citations

Syphilis Serology in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients with Symptomatic Neurosyphilis: Case Report and Review

1990 • 22 citations

Serological screening tests for syphilis in pregnancy: results of a five year study (1983-87) in the Oxford region.

1989 • 21 citations

AIDS Complicated by Syphilis Can Mimick Uveitis and Crohn's Disease

1987 • 21 citations

Syphilitic gastritis: Demonstration of Treponema pallidum with the use of fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption complement and immunoperoxidase stains

1989 • 21 citations

Staining lntensities in the Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-absorption (FTA-Abs) Test

1986 • 21 citations

Evaluation of the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-Abs) test specificity.

1991 • 20 citations

Isolation of a Treponema pallidum gene encoding immunodominant outer envelope protein P6, which reacts with sera from patients at different stages of syphilis.

1986 • 20 citations

An IgM capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to detect IgM antibodies to treponemes in patients with syphilis.

1989 • 20 citations

Sensitivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies directed against antigenic determinants of Treponema pallidum Nichols in the diagnosis of syphilis

1984 • 19 citations

Serological characterization and gene localization of an Escherichia coli-expressed 37-kilodalton Treponema pallidum antigen

1986 • 19 citations

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays with Treponema pallidum or axial filament of T phagedenis biotype Reiter as antigen: evaluation as screening tests for syphilis.

1986 • 18 citations

Specific immunofluorescence staining of Treponema pallidum in smears and tissues

1991 • 18 citations

Diagnosis of Neurosyphilis: A Critical Assessment of Current Methods

1988 • 17 citations

Cerebrospinal fluid IgG and IgM indexes as indicators of active neurosyphilis.

1988 • 17 citations

Evaluation of the Bio-EnzaBead test for syphilis

1987 • 16 citations

Primary and secondary syphilis, 20 years' experience. 1. Epidemiology.

1987 • 16 citations

Failure of the Treponema pallidum lmmobilization Test to Provide Additional Diagnostic Information about Contemporary Problem Sera

1980 • 15 citations

Continuing increase in infectious syphilis--United States

1988 • 15 citations

SYPHILIS IN HTLV-III INFECTED MALE HOMOSEXUALS

1986 • 14 citations

An analysis of false positive reactions occurring with the Captia Syph G EIA.

1991 • 14 citations

Monoclonal antibodies to immunodominant surface-exposed protein antigens ofTreponema pallidum

1985 • 14 citations

Modification of the system of screening for antisyphilis antibodies in a blood transfusion centre, featuring a miniaturisation of the Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay.

1982 • 14 citations

Evaluation of Western immunoblotting technique in the serological diagnosis of human syphilitic infections

1989 • 14 citations

Evaluation of the syphilis Bio-EnzaBead assay for detection of treponemal antibody

1987 • 14 citations

Pathogen-Specific Humoral Response in Treponema pallidum-Infected Humans, Rabbits, and Guinea Pigs

1991 • 14 citations

Routine Screening for Syphilis Is Justified in Patients Admitted to Psychiatric, Alcohol, and Drug Rehabilitation Wards of the Veterans Administration Medical Center

1989 • 14 citations

Is it time to review antenatal screening for syphilis?

1989 • 13 citations

AIDS-induced decline of the incidence of syphilis in Denmark

1985 • 13 citations

Diagnosis of syphilis.

1981 • 13 citations

Congenital syphilis--should we worry?

1988 • 12 citations

Syphilis Serology Screening in a Psychogeriatric Population

1989 • 12 citations

Neurosyphilis yesterday and today.

1991 • 12 citations

Relationship of Syphilis to Drug Use and Prostitution— Connecticut and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

1989 • 12 citations

Klinische und serologische Befunde der Lues bei HIV-infizierten Patienten

2008 • 12 citations

Congenital syphilis — should we worry?

1988 • 11 citations

Rheumatoid factor in congenital syphilis.

1989 • 10 citations

Serospecificity of a cloned protease-resistant Treponema pallidum--specific antigen expressed in Escherichia coli

1986 • 10 citations

Postmortem diagnosis of syphilitic aortitis, including serological verification on postmortem blood

1984 • 10 citations

High-Titer Positive Nontreponemal Tests with Negative Specific Treponemal Serology in Patients with HIV Infection and/or Intravenous Substance Use

1991 • 10 citations

Cloning structural genes for Treponema pallidum immunogens and characterisation of recombinant treponemal surface protein, P2 (P2 star).

1987 • 10 citations

The Prevalence of Positive Serological Tests for Syphilis among Elderly Hospital Patients

1989 • 9 citations

Immunogenicity of Three Recombinant <i>Treponema pallidum</i> Antigens Examined in Guinea Pigs

1989 • 9 citations

Increase of infectious syphilis among heterosexuals in Amsterdam: its relationship to drug use and prostitution.

1990 • 8 citations

Recent Developments in STDs: I. Bacterial Diseases

1991 • 8 citations

ProtractedTreponema pallidum-Induced Cutaneous Chancres in Rabbits Infected with Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type I

1991 • 8 citations

Molecular approaches to improved syphilis serodiagnosis

1989 • 7 citations

Congenital Syphilis: Immunologic Challenges

1989 • 7 citations

The value of serum TPHA titres in selecting patients for lumbar puncture.

1991 • 7 citations

Identification, Cloning, and Purification of Protein Antigens of Treponema pallidum

1988 • 7 citations

Routine Serological Screening for Syphilis During Pregnancy — Disposable Anachronism or Fundamental Necessity?

1990 • 6 citations

From the MMWR. Recommendations for diagnosing and treating syphilis in HIV-infected patients

1989 • 6 citations

[Anasarca during treatment with bromocriptine].

1989 • 5 citations

[Benefit of the serological screening program for syphilis in pregnant women in Amsterdam in the period 1985-1989].

1991 • 5 citations

Syphilis

1991 • 5 citations

HIV infection and loss of treponemal test reactivity.

1991 • 5 citations

Syphilis

1990 • 5 citations

Epidemic Early Syphilis—Escambia County, Florida, 1987 and July 1989-June 1990

1991 • 4 citations

Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Treponema pallidum antibodies

1988 • 4 citations

Antenatal screening for syphilis

1989 • 3 citations

Low molecular weight-IgM antibody in syphilis detected byTreponema pallidum immune adherence (TPIA) test

1984 • 2 citations

[Latent and manifest acquired syphilis--clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy].

1987 • 2 citations

Comparative evaluation of commercial fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed test kits

1984 • 2 citations

Death Knell for the Treponema pallidurn lmmobilization Test

1980 • 2 citations

Positive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test in cerebrospinal fluid of nonsyphilitic persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus

1989 • 2 citations

[Identification of treponemes in paraffin-embedded sections, using an anticomplement immunofluorescence technique].

1991 • 1 citations

Primary, Secondary Syphilis—U.S., 1981-1990

1991 • 1 citations