Systematic Review: Factors Associated With Risk for and Possible Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Later Life

Genome-wide association study identifies variants at CLU and PICALM associated with Alzheimer's disease

2009 • 3,258 citations

The Hazards of Scoring the Quality of Clinical Trials for Meta-analysis

1999 • 1,977 citations

Effects of Cognitive Training Interventions With Older Adults

2002 • 1,938 citations

Systematic meta-analyses of Alzheimer disease genetic association studies: the AlzGene database

2006 • 1,815 citations

Vitamin E and Donepezil for the Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment

2005 • 1,779 citations

Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer Disease

2008 • 1,529 citations

Physical Activity and Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Elderly Persons

2001 • 1,518 citations

Long-term Effects of Cognitive Training on Everyday Functional Outcomes in Older Adults

2006 • 1,435 citations

The Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE)

2003 • 1,423 citations

Loneliness and Risk of Alzheimer Disease

2007 • 1,218 citations

Users' guides to the medical literature : a manual for evidence-based clinical practice

2002 • 1,138 citations

Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes—systematic overview of prospective observational studies

2005 • 981 citations

The Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Risk of Cognitive Decline

2004 • 981 citations

Meta-analysis Spurious precision? Meta-analysis of observational studies

1998 • 971 citations

Effects of Blood Pressure Lowering With Perindopril and Indapamide Therapy on Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Patients With Cerebrovascular Disease

2003 • 963 citations

A Prospective Study of Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Women

2001 • 894 citations

Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults

2001 • 876 citations

Smoking as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

2007 • 841 citations

Social relationships, social support, and patterns of cognitive aging in healthy, high-functioning older adults: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging.

2001 • 762 citations

Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia

2009 • 730 citations

Mediterranean Diet and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2009 • 717 citations

Social Networks, Social Integration, and Social Engagement Determine Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Spanish Older Adults

2003 • 681 citations

Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cognition

2001 • 643 citations

Social resources and cognitive decline in a population of older African Americans and whites

2004 • 531 citations

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Antioxidants, and Cognitive Function in Very Old Men

1997 • 458 citations

The Role of <EMPH TYPE="ITAL">APOE</EMPH> ∊4 in Modulating Effects of Other Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons

1999 • 454 citations

Depressive Symptoms, Vascular Disease, and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2006 • 451 citations

Statins for the prevention of dementia

2016 • 448 citations

Alcohol Consumption as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Cognitive Decline: Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

2009 • 422 citations

Cholesterol as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies With Meta-Analysis

2008 • 408 citations

A Controlled Trial of Homocysteine Lowering and Cognitive Performance

2006 • 396 citations

Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Decline in Nondemented Elderly Women

1999 • 392 citations

Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with age-related cognitive change

2006 • 381 citations

Association of midlife blood pressure to late-life cognitive decline and brain morphology

1998 • 381 citations

Predictors of maintaining cognitive function in older adults

2009 • 377 citations

Diabetes and the Risk of Multi-System Aging Phenotypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2009 • 376 citations

Cognitive Function Over Time in the Alzheimer's Disease Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial (ADAPT)

2008 • 369 citations

Cognitive decline in individuals with high blood pressure

1999 • 362 citations

Effect of fish oil on cognitive performance in older subjects

2008 • 360 citations

Leisure activities and the risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment in the elderly

2006 • 354 citations

Hypertension and the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment

2007 • 351 citations

Fish consumption, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease: a complex association

2009 • 344 citations

Vitamin E and Cognitive Decline in Older Persons

2002 • 342 citations

Depression and risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease

2000 • 342 citations

Is the cognitive function of older patients affected by antihypertensive treatment? Results from 54 months of the Medical Research Council's treatment trial of hypertension in older adults

1996 • 321 citations

Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomised Trials

2007 • 320 citations

Educational attainment and cognitive decline in old age

2009 • 317 citations

Blood pressure lowering in patients without prior cerebrovascular disease for prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia

2009 • 315 citations

Association between mid-life marital status and cognitive function in later life: population based cohort study

2009 • 301 citations

Social Network Characteristics and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2004 • 300 citations

Relation of the tocopherol forms to incident Alzheimer disease and to cognitive change

2005 • 297 citations

Dietary fat intake and 6-year cognitive change in an older biracial community population

2004 • 296 citations

Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in elderly people

2002 • 295 citations

Incidence and Risk Factors for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Population-Based Three-Year Follow-Up Study of Cognitively Healthy Elderly Subjects

2004 • 295 citations

Fruit and vegetable consumption and cognitive decline in aging women

2005 • 290 citations

Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Systemic Oxidative Stress: The EVA Study

2000 • 274 citations

Cognitive Decline and Literacy Among Ethnically Diverse Elders

2005 • 269 citations

Current and Remote Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline

1999 • 268 citations

Nonlinear Relations of Blood Pressure to Cognitive Function

2005 • 266 citations

Dietary Folate and Vitamin B12 Intake and Cognitive Decline Among Community-Dwelling Older Persons

2005 • 265 citations

Homocysteine versus the vitamins folate, B6, and B12 as predictors of cognitive function and decline in older high-functioning adults: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging

2005 • 263 citations

Physical activity and cognitive decline, the role of the apolipoprotein e4 allele

2001 • 262 citations

Chronic distress and incidence of mild cognitive impairment

2007 • 258 citations

Trajectories of Cognitive Function in Late Life in the United States: Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors

2009 • 256 citations

The role of APOE -ε4 in longitudinal cognitive decline

2003 • 250 citations

Dietary Copper and High Saturated and trans Fat Intakes Associated With Cognitive Decline

2006 • 250 citations

Total Homocysteine and Cognitive Decline in a Community-based Sample of Elderly Subjects: The Rotterdam Study

1999 • 245 citations

Homocysteine, white matter hyperintensities, and cognition in healthy elderly people

2002 • 237 citations

Education, Other Socioeconomic Indicators, and Cognitive Function

2003 • 229 citations

Fourteen‐year longitudinal study of vascular risk factors, APOE genotype, and cognition: The ARIC MRI Study

2009 • 227 citations

Impact of the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension on behavioral variables. Results from the systolic hypertension in the elderly program

1994 • 225 citations

A Randomized Trial of Vitamin E Supplementation and Cognitive Function in Women

2006 • 224 citations

Preventing Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.

2010 • 222 citations

Depression, Apolipoprotein E Genotype, and the Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment

2006 • 218 citations

Phenopedia and Genopedia: disease-centered and gene-centered views of the evolving knowledge of human genetic associations

2009 • 215 citations

Hormone replacement therapy for cognitive function in postmenopausal women

2008 • 207 citations

Effect of Baseline Cognitive Function and Antihypertensive Treatment on Cognitive and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE)

2005 • 198 citations

Exercise Level and Cognitive Decline

2004 • 197 citations

Anxiety, Cognitive Performance, and Cognitive Decline in Normal Aging

2002 • 194 citations

Cognitive activity and cognitive decline in a biracial community population

2003 • 190 citations

Low vitamin B-12 status and risk of cognitive decline in older adults

2007 • 190 citations

The metabolic syndrome is associated with decelerated cognitive decline in the oldest old

2007 • 189 citations

Dietary niacin and the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and of cognitive decline

2004 • 185 citations

Prospective study of type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline in women aged 70-81 years

2004 • 185 citations

Alcohol consumption and cognitive function in late life

2005 • 183 citations

Physical, social and productive leisure activities, cognitive decline and interaction with APOE-ε4 genotype in Chinese older adults

2008 • 183 citations

Reducing the Risk of Dementia

2006 • 182 citations

Longitudinal Analysis of the Association between Depressive Symptomatology and Cognitive Deterioration

1996 • 179 citations

Marital Status and Living Situation During a 5-Year Period Are Associated With a Subsequent 10-Year Cognitive Decline in Older Men: The FINE Study

2006 • 177 citations

Plasma Selenium Over Time and Cognitive Decline in the Elderly

2006 • 167 citations

Transitions to Mild Cognitive Impairments, Dementia, and Death: Findings from the Nun Study

2007 • 166 citations

The apolipoprotein E varepsilon2 allele and decline in episodic memory

2002 • 163 citations

Early Life Conditions and Cognitive Functioning in Later Life

2003 • 157 citations

Statins and cognitive function in the elderly

2005 • 154 citations

Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Risk of Alzheimer Disease

2006 • 151 citations

n−3 Fatty acid proportions in plasma and cognitive performance in older adults

2007 • 149 citations

Apolipoprotein E Phenotype and Cognitive Decline in a Prospective Study of Elderly Community Women

1997 • 147 citations

Alcohol consumption, mild cognitive impairment, and progression to dementia

2007 • 147 citations

Raloxifene hydrochloride, a selective estrogen receptor modulator: safety assessment of effects on cognitive function and mood in postmenopausal women

1999 • 145 citations

A randomized placebo-controlled trial of Ginkgo biloba for the prevention of cognitive decline

2008 • 144 citations

Midlife cardiovascular risk factors, ApoE, and cognitive decline in elderly male twins

1998 • 143 citations

Women Who Maintain Optimal Cognitive Function into Old Age

2007 • 141 citations

APOE genotype and cognitive decline in a middle-aged cohort

2005 • 138 citations

Blood pressure and late-life cognitive function change

2004 • 137 citations

Long Working Hours and Cognitive Function: The Whitehall II Study

2008 • 136 citations

Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Beta Carotene, and Cognitive Function Among Women With or at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

2009 • 132 citations

Influence of social network characteristics on cognition and functional status with aging

2008 • 128 citations

Effect of Blood Pressure and Diabetes Mellitus on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Cohort

2005 • 126 citations

Does Anxiety Affect Risk of Dementia? Findings From the Caerphilly Prospective Study

2009 • 126 citations

Association Between Apolipoprotein E₄ and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Adults

2007 • 126 citations

APOE-ε4 is associated with memory decline in cognitively impaired elderly

2000 • 124 citations

Engaged lifestyle and cognitive function in middle and old-aged, non-demented persons: a reciprocal association?

2002 • 122 citations

Antioxidant intake and cognitive function of elderly men and women: the Cache County Study.

2007 • 122 citations

Socioeconomic Differences in Cognitive Decline and the Role of Biomedical Factors

2005 • 117 citations

Does NSAID use modify cognitive trajectories in the elderly?

2007 • 117 citations

Body mass index and cognitive decline in a biracial community population

2007 • 117 citations

Plasma vitamin B12 status and cerebral white-matter lesions

2008 • 116 citations

Influence of Apolipoprotein E Genotype on the Risk of Cognitive Deterioration in Moderate Drinkers and Smokers

2000 • 113 citations

Predictors of Decline in MMSE Scores Among Older Mexican Americans

2002 • 113 citations

A trial of B vitamins and cognitive function among women at high risk of cardiovascular disease

2008 • 110 citations

Early Life Socioeconomic Status and Late Life Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease

2005 • 108 citations

Candesartan and cognitive decline in older patients with hypertension

2008 • 105 citations

Impact of diabetes on cognitive function among older Latinos

2003 • 105 citations

Supplemental Use of Antioxidant Vitamins and Subsequent Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia

2005 • 104 citations

Life-time estrogen exposure and cognitive functioning in later life

2008 • 103 citations

A 3-year follow-up study of social, lifestyle and health predictors of cognitive impairment in a Chinese older cohort

2001 • 101 citations

Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease.

2004 • 101 citations

Low dose aspirin and cognitive function in the women's health study cognitive cohort

2007 • 100 citations

Low dose aspirin and cognitive function in middle aged to elderly adults: randomised controlled trial

2008 • 98 citations

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation for cognitive function in healthy elderly people

2006 • 97 citations

Effects of Statin Use on Muscle Strength, Cognition, and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults

2007 • 91 citations

Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life: The DHEA and Well‐Ness (DAWN) Trial

2008 • 89 citations

The Relation of Education and Income to Cognitive Function among Professional Women

2006 • 87 citations

Longitudinal analysis of the effect of apolipoprotein E varepsilon4 and education on cognitive performance in elderly subjects: the PAQUID study

2002 • 81 citations

Effect of multivitamin and multimineral supplementation on cognitive function in men and women aged 65 years and over: a randomised controlled trial

2007 • 81 citations

Risk Factors of Transition from Normal Cognition to Mild Cognitive Disorder: The PATH through Life Study

2009 • 80 citations

Cognitive decline is related to education and occupation in a Spanish elderly cohort

2002 • 77 citations

Anxiety symptoms and cognitive performance in later life: Results from the longitudinal aging study Amsterdam

2008 • 76 citations

Does widowhood affect memory performance of older persons?

2005 • 74 citations

Association of statin use with cognitive decline in elderly African Americans

2007 • 73 citations

Education and trajectories of cognitive decline over 9 years in very old people: methods and risk analysis

2008 • 70 citations

Prevalent Depressive Symptoms as a Risk Factor for Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment in an Elderly Italian Cohort

2008 • 69 citations

Impact of Antidiabetic Medications on Physical and Cognitive Functioning of Older Mexican Americans with Diabetes Mellitus

2003 • 69 citations

Better cognitive performance in elderly taking antioxidant vitamins E and C supplements in combination with nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs: The Cache County Study

2008 • 68 citations

A randomized double-blind trial of the effects of hormone therapy on delayed verbal recall in older women

2009 • 67 citations

Metabolic Syndrome and Cognitive Decline in Chinese Older Adults: Results From the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies

2008 • 65 citations

The association of APOE genotype and cognitive decline in interaction with risk factors in a 65–69 year old community sample

2008 • 65 citations

Apolipoprotein E genotypes and cognitive functions in healthy elderly persons

1999 • 65 citations

Occupational characteristics and cognitive performance among elderly male twins

2006 • 65 citations

Relation of Blood Pressure to Risk of Incident Alzheimer’s Disease and Change in Global Cognitive Function in Older Persons

2005 • 61 citations

Somatic chronic diseases and 6-year change in cognitive functioning among older persons

2008 • 53 citations

Does Low to Moderate Alcohol Intake Protect Against Cognitive Decline in Older People?

2008 • 53 citations

Regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cognitive function in aging women

2003 • 53 citations

n–3 Fatty acids, hypertension and risk of cognitive decline among older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study

2007 • 50 citations

The Relationship between Temporal Changes in Blood Pressure and Changes in Cognitive Function: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2002 • 49 citations

Plasma carotenoids and tocopherols and cognitive function: A prospective study

2007 • 49 citations

Does aspirin or other NSAIDs reduce the risk of cognitive decline in elderly persons? Results from a population-based study

2003 • 47 citations

Age, Vascular Risk, and Cognitive Decline in an Older, British, African‐Caribbean Population

2003 • 45 citations

Effects of Treatment for Isolated Systolic Hypertension on Cognitive Status and Depression in the Elderly

1988 • 45 citations

Cognitive Decline and Japanese Culture in a Cohort of Older Japanese Americans in King County, WA: The Kame Project

1999 • 44 citations

Depressive Symptoms, Vascular Risk Factors and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2008 • 43 citations

Depressive Symptoms and Incident Cognitive Impairment in Cognitively Well‐Functioning Older Men and Women

2009 • 39 citations

Anti-oxidant vitamins and mental performance of the elderly

1999 • 39 citations

Physical Activity Levels and Cognition in Women With Type 2 Diabetes

2009 • 37 citations

Education modifies the effect of apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on cognitive decline

2004 • 37 citations

Reported Alcohol Consumption and Cognitive Decline: The Northern Manhattan Study

2006 • 37 citations

Factors associated with cognition in adults: The Seattle Longitudinal Study

2009 • 32 citations

ICD-10 MILD COGNITIVE DISORDER: ITS OUTCOME THREE YEARS LATER

1997 • 27 citations

Anti-Inflammatory Agents and Cognitive Decline in a Bi-Racial Population

2008 • 21 citations

Longitudinal study of the effect of apolipoprotein e4 allele on the association between education and cognitive decline in elderly men

1997 • 20 citations

Association Between Change in Systolic Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline Among Elderly Mexican Americans: Data from the Hispanic Established Population for Epidemiology Study of the Elderly

2005 • 20 citations

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor in Combination With Cognitive Training in Older Adults

2008 • 20 citations