CORTICAL PLASTICITY: From Synapses to Maps

A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus

1993 • 11,303 citations

Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex

1968 • 6,460 citations

The Organization of Behavior; A Neuropsychological Theory

1950 • 5,058 citations

The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory

1950 • 4,130 citations

Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits

1996 • 3,004 citations

Theory for the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity and binocular interaction in visual cortex

1982 • 2,824 citations

Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Großhirnrinde : in ihren Prinzipien dargestellt auf Grund des Zellenbaues

1909 • 2,582 citations

Increased Cortical Representation of the Fingers of the Left Hand in String Players

1995 • 2,023 citations

Homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of hippocampus and effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade.

1992 • 1,675 citations

Self-organization of orientation sensitive cells in the striate cortex

1973 • 1,479 citations

Deficient Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation in α-Calcium-Calmodulin Kinase II Mutant Mice

1992 • 1,458 citations

Inhibition of Postsynaptic PKC or CaMKII Blocks Induction But Not Expression of LTP

1989 • 1,335 citations

Somatosensory cortical map changes following digit amputation in adult monkeys

1984 • 1,321 citations

Corticonics

1991 • 1,294 citations

Plasticity in the frequency representation of primary auditory cortex following discrimination training in adult owl monkeys

1993 • 1,280 citations

Information Processing in the Primate Visual System: An Integrated Systems Perspective

1992 • 1,257 citations

Corticonics: Neural Circuits of the Cerebral Cortex

1991 • 1,228 citations

Massive Cortical Reorganization After Sensory Deafferentation in Adult Macaques

1991 • 1,097 citations

Mechanisms underlying induction of homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of the hippocampus

1992 • 1,088 citations

Topographic reorganization of somatosensory cortical areas 3b and 1 in adult monkeys following restricted deafferentation

1983 • 1,037 citations

An essential role for postsynaptic calmodulin and protein kinase activity in long-term potentiation

1989 • 1,015 citations

Reshaping the Cortical Motor Map by Unmasking Latent Intracortical Connections

1991 • 1,012 citations

Laminar and columnar distribution of geniculo‐cortical fibers in the macaque monkey

1972 • 948 citations

Functional reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex in adult owl monkeys after behaviorally controlled tactile stimulation

1990 • 943 citations

Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals

1991 • 916 citations

Different voltage-dependent thresholds for inducing long-term depression and long-term potentiation in slices of rat visual cortex

1990 • 893 citations

Redistribution of synaptic efficacy between neocortical pyramidal neurons

1996 • 885 citations

Receptive field dynamics in adult primary visual cortex

1992 • 867 citations

Somatosensory Cortex: Structural Alterations following Early Injury to Sense Organs

1973 • 820 citations

Topographic reorganization of the hand representation in cortical area 3b owl monkeys trained in a frequency-discrimination task

1992 • 786 citations

Response properties of vibrissa units in rat SI somatosensory neocortex

1978 • 782 citations

Long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission and its relationship to long-term potentiation

1993 • 780 citations

Progression of change following median nerve section in the cortical representation of the hand in areas 3b and 1 in adult owl and squirrel monkeys

1983 • 735 citations

A critical period for long-term potentiation at thalamocortical synapses

1995 • 702 citations

An organizing principle for cerebral function : the unit module and the distributed system

1978 • 699 citations

Laminar differences in receptive field properties of cells in cat primary visual cortex

1977 • 677 citations

Ocular Dominance Column Development: Analysis and Simulation

1989 • 669 citations

Reorganization of Retinotopic Cortical Maps in Adult Mammals After Lesions of the Retina

1990 • 661 citations

Plasticity of the sensorimotor cortex representation of the reading finger in Braille readers

1993 • 648 citations

Experience-dependent modification of synaptic plasticity in visual cortex

1996 • 617 citations

Mechanisms Underlying Long-Term Potentiation of Synaptic Transmission

1991 • 615 citations

Axonal sprouting accompanies functional reorganization in adult cat striate cortex

1994 • 607 citations

Heterosynaptic depression: a postsynaptic correlate of long-term potentiation

1977 • 606 citations

Plasticity of frequency organization in auditory cortex of guinea pigs with partial unilateral deafness

1989 • 593 citations

Horizontal integration and cortical dynamics

1992 • 589 citations

Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus using depolarizing current pulses as the conditioning stimulus to single volley synaptic potentials

1987 • 585 citations

Long-Term Depression in Hippocampus

1996 • 583 citations

Numbers and proportions of GABA-immunoreactive neurons in different areas of monkey cerebral cortex

1987 • 577 citations

Synapses as associative memory elements in the hippocampal formation

1979 • 573 citations

Hebbian synapses in hippocampus.

1986 • 560 citations

Hebbian Synapses: Biophysical Mechanisms and Algorithms

1990 • 551 citations

Form, function and intracortical projections of spiny neurones in the striate visual cortex of the cat.

1984 • 543 citations

Laminar patterns of geniculocortical projection in the cat

1976 • 539 citations

Cellular analysis of associative learning.

1987 • 524 citations

A Canonical Microcircuit for Neocortex

1989 • 502 citations

GABAergic Neurons and Their Role in Cortical Plasticity in Primates

1993 • 499 citations

Disruption of experience-dependent synaptic modifications in striate cortex by infusion of an NMDA receptor antagonist

1990 • 497 citations

Long-Term Synaptic Depression

1995 • 493 citations

Common Forms of Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus and Neocortex in Vitro

1993 • 485 citations

Anatomical demonstration of orientation columns in macaque monkey

1978 • 468 citations

The Role of Constraints in Hebbian Learning

1994 • 459 citations

Double representation of the body surface within cytoarchitectonic area 3b and 1 in “SI” in the owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus)

1978 • 453 citations

Temporal Information Transformed into a Spatial Code by a Neural Network with Realistic Properties

1995 • 453 citations

Ca2+ Signaling Requirements for Long-Term Depression in the Hippocampus

1996 • 442 citations

Remodelling of hand representation in adult cortex determined by timing of tactile stimulation

1995 • 436 citations

Flow of excitation within rat barrel cortex on striking a single vibrissa

1992 • 423 citations

Hebbian synapses in visual cortex

1994 • 416 citations

Classical conditioning induces CS-specific receptive field plasticity in the auditory cortex of the guinea pig

1990 • 399 citations

The function of dendritic spines: devices subserving biochemical rather than electrical compartmentalization

1993 • 378 citations

Spatiotemporal convergence and divergence in the rat S1 “Barrel” cortex

1987 • 368 citations

Dependence of Cortical Plasticity on Correlated Activity of Single Neurons and on Behavioral Context

1992 • 366 citations

Effect of unilateral partial cochlear lesions in adult cats on the representation of lesioned and unlesioned cochleas in primary auditory cortex

1993 • 356 citations

Immediate and chronic changes in responses of somatosensory cortex in adult flying-fox after digit amputation

1988 • 351 citations

Functional role of GABA in cat primary somatosensory cortex: shaping receptive fields of cortical neurons

1984 • 343 citations

Postsynaptic control of plasticity in developing somatosensory cortex

1993 • 341 citations

Large-scale reorganization at multiple levels of the somatosensory pathway follows therapeutic amputation of the hand in monkeys

1995 • 336 citations

Development of orientation selectivity in ferret visual cortex and effects of deprivation

1993 • 330 citations

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression in the neocortex

1992 • 329 citations

Changes in the distributed temporal response properties of SI cortical neurons reflect improvements in performance on a temporally based tactile discrimination task

1992 • 326 citations

Postsynaptic hyperpolarization during conditioning reversibly blocks induction of long-term potentiation

1986 • 324 citations

Long-Term Potentiation in the Motor Cortex

1989 • 320 citations

Dynamic Regulation of Receptive Fields and Maps in the Adult Sensory Cortex

1995 • 319 citations

Rapid reorganization of cortical maps in adult cats following restricted deafferentation in retina

1992 • 310 citations

The location and function of NMDA receptors in cat and kitten visual cortex

1989 • 310 citations

Topographic reorganization in the striate cortex of the adult cat and monkey is cortically mediated

1995 • 309 citations

Experience-dependent plasticity in adult rat barrel cortex.

1993 • 304 citations

Receptive fields in the body-surface map in adult cortex defined by temporally correlated inputs

1988 • 297 citations

Laminar Comparison of Somatosensory Cortical Plasticity

1994 • 293 citations

Plasticity in the spinal cord sensory map following peripheral nerve injury in rats

1981 • 291 citations

Reorganization of somatosensory area 3b representations in adult owl monkeys after digital syndactyly

1991 • 291 citations

Reorganization of cortical blood flow and transcranial magnetic stimulation maps in human subjects after upper limb amputation

1994 • 285 citations

Hippocampal long‐term potentiation is induced by pairing single afferent volleys with intracellular^ injected depolarizing current pulses

1986 • 284 citations

Pharmacological Induction of Use-Dependent Receptive Field Modifications in the Visual Cortex

1988 • 278 citations

Activity-dependent regulation of GABA expression in the visual cortex of adult monkeys

1988 • 278 citations

Quantitative Distribution of GABA-immunopositive and-immunonegative Neurons and Synapses in the Monkey Striate Cortex (Area 17)

1992 • 276 citations

Frequency discrimination training engaging a restricted skin surface results in an emergence of a cutaneous response zone in cortical area 3a

1992 • 272 citations

Somatosensory cortical plasticity in adult humans revealed by magnetoencephalography.

1993 • 258 citations

A cellular analogue of visual cortical plasticity

1988 • 256 citations

Functional Considerations of the Operation of GABAergic Inhibitory Processes in the Visual Cortex

1984 • 254 citations

Cortical Circuits

1989 • 235 citations

Chronic changes in the response of cells in adult cat dorsal horn following partial deafferentation: The appearance of responding cells in a previously nonresponsive region

1976 • 231 citations

Asynchronous pre- and postsynaptic activity induces associative long-term depression in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus in vitro.

1994 • 226 citations

Progressive improvement in discriminative abilities in adult owl monkeys performing a tactile frequency discrimination task

1992 • 220 citations

Reorganization of raccoon somatosensory cortex following removal of the fifth digit

1982 • 219 citations

Associative Induction of Posttetanic and Long-Term Potentiation in CA1 Neurons of Rat Hippocampus

1986 • 216 citations

Cortical plasticity and memory

1993 • 215 citations

Recovery of visual responses in foveal V1 neurons following bilateral foveal lesions in adult monkey

1991 • 206 citations

Long-term retention of learning-induced receptive-field plasticity in the auditory cortex.

1993 • 202 citations

Noninvasive detection of cerebral plasticity in adult human somatosensory cortex

1994 • 201 citations

Asymmetric relationships between homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression

1983 • 196 citations

Expansion of the Cortical Representation of a Specific Skin Field in Primary Somatosensory Cortex by Intracortical Microstimulation

1992 • 192 citations

Plasticity in the organization of adult cerebral cortical maps: a computer simulation based on neuronal group selection

1987 • 191 citations

Cutaneous responsiveness in primary somatosensory (S-I) hindpaw cortex before and after partial hindpaw deafferentation in adult rats

1984 • 190 citations

Classical conditioning rapidly induces specific changes in frequency receptive fields of single neurons in secondary and ventral ectosylvian auditory cortical fields

1986 • 185 citations

Neocortical long-term potentiation

1993 • 185 citations

Visual responses in adult cat visual cortex depend on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.

1989 • 185 citations

Hippocampal Interneurons Express a Novel Form of Synaptic Plasticity

1997 • 182 citations

Chronic paw denervation causes an age-dependent appearance of novel responses from forearm in "paw cortex" of kittens and adult cats

1979 • 179 citations

Development, critical period plasticity, and adult reorganizations of mammalian somatosensory systems

1994 • 174 citations

An innocuous bias in whisker use in adult rats modifies receptive fields of barrel cortex neurons

1994 • 172 citations

Intracortical arborizations and receptive fields of identified ventrobasal thalamocortical afferents to the primary somatic sensory cortex in the cat

1981 • 172 citations

Plasticity in the barrel cortex of the adult mouse: Effects of peripheral deprivation on GAD-immunoreactivity

1989 • 170 citations

Postsynaptic control of the induction of long-term changes in efficacy of transmission at neocortical synapses in slices of rat brain

1988 • 166 citations

Injury-Induced Reorganization of Somatosensory Cortex Is Accompanied by Reductions in GABA Staining

1991 • 164 citations

Functional reorganization in adult monkey thalamus after peripheral nerve injury

1991 • 160 citations

GABA_BReceptors, Monoamine Receptors, and Postsynaptic Inositol Trisphosphate-Induced Ca²⁺Release Are Involved in the Induction of Long-Term Potentiation at Visual Cortical Inhibitory Synapses

1996 • 158 citations

Alterations of the cortical representation of the rat ventrum induced by nursing behavior

1994 • 158 citations

Horizontal Propagation of Excitation in Rat Visual Cortical Slices Revealed by Optical Imaging

1994 • 155 citations

Time-Dependent Changes in the Functional Organization of Somatosensory Cerebral Cortex following Digit Amputation in Adult Raccoons

1984 • 153 citations

Long-term potentiation of thalamic input to the motor cortex induced by coactivation of thalamocortical and corticocortical afferents

1991 • 150 citations

Anomalous organization of thalamocortical projections consequent to vibrissae removal in the newborn rat and mouse

1976 • 148 citations

Quantitative analysis of neurons and glial cells in the rat somatosensory cortex, with special reference to GABAergic neurons and parvalbumin-containing neurons

1992 • 148 citations

Requirement for α-CaMKII in Experience-Dependent Plasticity of the Barrel Cortex

1996 • 147 citations

Neuroplasticity of the adult primate auditory cortex following cochlear hearing loss.

1993 • 145 citations

Physiological analysis of motor reorganization following lower limb amputation

1992 • 145 citations

NMDA receptors and plasticity in adult primate somatosensory cortex

1996 • 137 citations

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cortical Networks Underlying Cortical Contributions to Learning and Nondeclarative Memory

1990 • 137 citations

Understanding the Cellular Basis of Memory and Learning

1986 • 133 citations

Quantification of thalamocortical synapses with spiny stellate neurons in layer IV of mouse somatosensory cortex

1986 • 127 citations

Properties of associative long-lasting potentiation induced by cellular conditioning in the motor cortex of conscious cats

1991 • 123 citations

Age-dependent long-term potentiation of inhibitory synaptic transmission in rat visual cortex

1994 • 122 citations

Laminar differences in sizes, shapes, and response profiles of cutaneous receptive fields in the rat SI cortex

1986 • 122 citations

Receptive-field properties of deafferentated visual cortical neurons after topographic map reorganization in adult cats

1995 • 120 citations

Long-term modification of inhibitory synaptic transmission in developing visual cortex

1993 • 119 citations

Synaptic plasticity in visual cortex: comparison of theory with experiment

1991 • 117 citations

Role of intercellular interactions in heterosynaptic long-term depression

1996 • 117 citations

Variable organization in cortical maps of the skin as an indication of the lifelong adaptive capacities of circuits in the mammalian brain

1988 • 116 citations

Age-dependent decrease of synaptic plasticity in the neocortex of αCaMKII mutant mice

1997 • 114 citations

Neural Stem Cells Are Blasting Off

1997 • 110 citations

Cellular analogs of visual cortical epigenesis. I. Plasticity of orientation selectivity

1992 • 110 citations

Synaptic facilitation requires paired activation of convergent pathways in the neocortex

1981 • 110 citations

Plasticity in the barrel cortex of the adult mouse: transient increase of GAD-immunoreactivity following sensory stimulation

1989 • 109 citations

Developmental Down-Regulation of LTD in Cortical Layer IV and Its Independence of Modulation by Inhibition

1996 • 108 citations

Morphology of single intracellularly stained axons terminating in area 3b of macaque monkeys

1990 • 107 citations

Receptive-field plasticity in the adult auditory cortex induced by Hebbian covariance

1996 • 106 citations

Plasticity in the barrel cortex of the adult mouse: effects of chronic stimulation upon deoxyglucose uptake in the behaving animal

1992 • 95 citations

Visuotopic Reorganization in the Primary Visual Cortex of Adult Cats Following Monocular and Binocular Retinal Lesions

1996 • 95 citations

GABA-induced inactivation of functionally characterized sites in cat visual cortex (area 18): effects on orientation tuning

1992 • 92 citations

Cortical reorganization in human amputees and mislocalization of painful stimuli to the phantom limb

1995 • 91 citations

The distribution of intrinsic cortical axons in area 3b of cat primary somatosensory cortex

1989 • 88 citations

Plasticity in visual perception and physiology

1996 • 88 citations

Temporal covariance of pre- and postsynaptic activity regulates functional connectivity in the visual cortex

1994 • 85 citations

Neural representations, experience, and change.

1996 • 85 citations

Global plasticity in adult visual cortex following reversal of visual input

1996 • 76 citations

Pharmacological analysis of cortical circuitry

1989 • 75 citations

Somatosensory cortex in macaque monkeys: laminar differences in receptive field size in areas 3b and 1

1985 • 75 citations

The Mode of Activation of a Barrel Column: Response Properties of Single Units in the Somatosensory Cortex of the Mouse upon Whisker Deflection

1993 • 75 citations

Functional reorganization of adult cat somatosensory cortex is dependent on NMDA receptors

1991 • 74 citations

Time-dependent decrease in the extent of visual deafferentation in the lateral geniculate nucleus of adult cats with small retinal lesions

1981 • 64 citations

Long-term depression at synapses in slices of rat hippocampus can be induced by bursts of postsynaptic activity

1990 • 63 citations

Alterations in correlated activity parallel ICMS-induced representational plasticity

1993 • 60 citations

Long-term depression but not potentiation is induced in Ca2+-chelated visual cortex neurons

1990 • 60 citations

Changes in the activity of units of the cat motor cortex with rapid conditioning and extinction of a compound eye blink movement

1992 • 60 citations

What should a biochemistry of learning and memory be about?

1981 • 59 citations

Hebb-Type Dynamics is Sufficient to Account for the Inverse Magnification Rule in Cortical Somatotopy

1990 • 55 citations

Cortical Map Reorganization as a Competitive Process

1994 • 52 citations

Heterosynaptic correlates of long-term potentiation induction in hippocampal CA3 neurons

1990 • 52 citations

Dynamic synaptic modification threshold: computational model of experience-dependent plasticity in adult rat barrel cortex.

1994 • 45 citations

Chapter 1 Brain secretory peptides of the silkmoth Bombyx mori: Prothoracicotropic hormone and bombyxin

1992 • 39 citations

The Boundary of Proximal Hindlimb Representation in the Dorsal Horn following Peripheral Nerve Lesions in Cats: A Reevaluation of Plasticity in the Somatotopic Map

1984 • 36 citations

Effects of hind limb nerve section on lumbosacral dorsal horn neurones in the cat.

1984 • 34 citations

Reversible relocation of representational boundaries of adult rats by intracortical microstimulation

1994 • 33 citations

Induction of LTP and LTD in visual cortex neurones by intracellular tetanization

1994 • 32 citations

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

1846 • 30 citations

Chronic sensory deprivation affects cytochrome oxidase staining and glutamic acid decar☐ylase immunoreactivity in adult rat ventrobasal thalamus

1987 • 28 citations

Homo‐ and heterosynaptic changes in efficacy are expressed in prefrontal neurons: An in vitro study in the rat

1992 • 27 citations

Reorganization of the receptive fields of spinocervical tract neurons following denervation of a single digit in the cat

1987 • 21 citations

Associative synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons is not sensitive to unpaired presynaptic activity

1996 • 19 citations

Dynamic Regulation of Receptive Fields and Maps in the Adult Sensory Cortex

1995 • 19 citations

The cat lumbar spinal cord somatotopic map is unchanged after peripheral nerve crush and regeneration

1983 • 16 citations