Neurotoxins that Act on Voltage-Sensitive Sodium Channels in Excitable Membranes

A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve

1952 • 21,965 citations

Ionic Blockage of Sodium Channels in Nerve

1973 • 1,590 citations

Tetrodotoxin Blockage of Sodium Conductance Increase in Lobster Giant Axons

1964 • 1,065 citations

Chemicals as tools in the study of excitable membranes.

1974 • 918 citations

The Permeability of the Sodium Channel to Organic Cations in Myelinated Nerve

1971 • 751 citations

Pharmacological Modifications of the Sodium Channels of Frog Nerve

1968 • 479 citations

Ionic channels in nerve membranes

1970 • 416 citations

Voltage clamp experiments on internally perfused giant axons.

1965 • 400 citations

The binding of saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin to excitable tissue

1977 • 369 citations

Ionic pores, gates, and gating currents

1974 • 358 citations

The receptor for tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. A structural hypothesis

1975 • 295 citations

Activation of the action potential Na+ ionophore by neurotoxins. An allosteric model

1977 • 256 citations

Effects of veratrum alkaloids on membrane potential and conductance of squid and crayfish giant axons.

1973 • 252 citations

Neurotoxin binding to receptor sites associated with voltage-sensitive sodium channels in intact, lysed, and detergent-solubilized brain membranes.

1979 • 214 citations

THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE VERATRUM ALKALOIDS

1946 • 209 citations

The binding of labelled tetrodotoxin to non‐myelinated nerve fibres

1972 • 206 citations

Actions of saxitoxin on peripheral neuromuscular systems.

1965 • 200 citations

Some Factors Affecting the Time Course of the Recovery of Contracture Ability Following a Potassium Contracture in Frog Striated Muscle

1965 • 200 citations

Tetrodotoxin: Occurrence in Atelopid Frogs of Costa Rica

1975 • 196 citations

A new method for labelling saxitoxin and its binding to non-myelinated fibres of the rabbit vagus, lobster walking leg, and garfish olfactory nerves.

1976 • 195 citations

Sodium Uptake Associated with Activation of Action Potential Ionophores of Cultured Neuroblastoma and Muscle Cells

1973 • 188 citations

Sea anemone toxin and scorpion toxin share a common receptor site associated with the action potential sodium ionophore.

1978 • 187 citations

Decreased rate of sodium conductance inactivation in the node of Ranvier induced by a polypeptide toxin from sea anemone

1976 • 171 citations

An upper limit to the number of sodium channels in nerve membrane?

1967 • 163 citations

Effects of scorpion venom on squid axon membranes

1972 • 157 citations

Structure of a crystalline derivative of saxitoxin. Structure of saxitoxin

1975 • 138 citations

Purification of a toxic protein from scorpion venom which activates the action potential Na+ ionophore.

1976 • 133 citations

Saxitoxin binding to synaptosomes, membranes, and solubilized binding sites from rat brain

1979 • 116 citations

Equilibrium and Kinetic Properties of the Interaction between Tetrodotoxin and the Excitable Membrane of the Squid Giant Axon

1970 • 116 citations

Tetrodotoxin Does Not Block Excitation from Inside the Nerve Membrane

1966 • 115 citations

Binding of scorpion toxin to receptor sites associated with voltage-sensitive sodium channels in synaptic nerve ending particles.

1978 • 113 citations

Molecular properties of the action potential Na+ ionophore in neuroblastoma cells. Interactions with neurotoxins.

1978 • 109 citations

Constitution and properties of axonal membranes of crustacean nerves

1975 • 108 citations

The rate of action of tetrodotoxin on myelinated nerve fibres of Xenopus laevis and Rana esculenta

1973 • 106 citations

Effects of Batrachotoxin on Membrane Potential and Conductance of Squid Giant Axons

1971 • 104 citations

The permeability of aconitine-modified sodium channels to univalent cations in myelinated nerve

1977 • 102 citations

Effect of aconitine on the sodium permeability of the node of ranvier

1974 • 101 citations

Purification of three polypeptides with neuroand cardiotoxic activity from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata

1975 • 101 citations

Correlation of surface antigens and cell type in cloned cell lines from the rat central nervous system

1976 • 101 citations

Potential-dependent interaction of toxin from venom of the scorpion Buthus eupeus with sodium channels in myelinated fibre. Voltage clamp experiments

1980 • 97 citations

The binding of tetrodotoxin to nerve membranes

1971 • 95 citations

Tetrodotoxin binding to normal depolarized frog muscle and the conductance of a single sodium channel.

1975 • 95 citations

The effect of aconitine on the membrane current in cardiac muscle

1967 • 93 citations

Chemical modification reduces the conductance of sodium channels in nerve

1980 • 89 citations

Amino-Acid Sequence of a Coelenterate Toxin: Toxin II from Anemonia sulcata

1976 • 89 citations

Sodium currents in voltage clamped nerve fiber of frog under the combined action of batrachotoxin and procaine

1975 • 83 citations

The binding of tritiated tetrodotoxin to squid giant axons

1975 • 80 citations

Proteins in scorpion venoms toxic to mammals and insects

1972 • 76 citations

Tetrodotoxin receptors in plasma membranes isolated from lobster nerve fibers

1973 • 74 citations

Grayanotoxin, veratrine, and tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium pathways in the Schwann cell membrane of squid nerve fibers.

1976 • 71 citations

IONIC CHANNELS AND GATING CURRENTS IN EXCITABLE MEMBRANES

1977 • 71 citations

Amino-Acid Sequence of Toxin I from Anemonia sulcata

1978 • 70 citations

Tarichatoxin: Isolation and Purification

1963 • 69 citations

ChemInform Abstract: THE STRUCTURE OF SAXITOXIN

1975 • 67 citations

Binding to saxitoxin to electrically excitable neuroblastoma cells.

1978 • 62 citations

Increase in sodium permeability of squid axon membranes by -dihydrograyanotoxin II.

1973 • 61 citations

Versuche mit Aconitin zum Problem der spontanen Erregungsbildung im Herzen

1960 • 60 citations

Characterization of batrachotoxin-induced depolarization of the squid giant axons.

1973 • 57 citations

One-to-one binding of a purified scorpion toxin to Na channels

1977 • 54 citations

Effects of allethrin and Condylactis toxin on the kinetics of sodium conductance of crayfish axon membranes

1972 • 53 citations

Stereochemistry of grayanotoxins

1965 • 52 citations

THE EFFECT OF SCORPION VENOM ON SINGLE MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES OF THE FROG

1966 • 52 citations

Saxitoxin binding to the mammalian sodium channel

1978 • 49 citations

A biologically active acid hydrolysis product of saxitoxin

1976 • 48 citations

Sodium channels in axons and glial cells of the optic nerve of Necturus maculosa.

1979 • 47 citations

Chemical modification of crab nerves can make them insensitive to the local anaesthetics tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin

1975 • 46 citations

The Mechanism of Signal Transmission in Nerve Axons

1972 • 45 citations

The Effect of Aconitine on the Giant Axon of the Squid

1964 • 42 citations

Characterization of 11-hydroxysaxitoxin sulphate, a major toxin in scallops exposed to blooms of the poisonous dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis

1978 • 38 citations

Batrachotoxin, a Selective Probe for Channels Modulating Sodium Conductances in Electrogenic Membranes

1977 • 38 citations

The structure of aconitine

1959 • 36 citations

Hypotensive Veratrum Ester Alkaloids

1961 • 35 citations

Comparative pharmacology of voltage-dependent sodium channels

1977 • 35 citations

Pharmacological evidence for ‘fast’ sodium channels in nonspiking neurones

1978 • 31 citations

Stimulation of sodium and calcium uptake by scorpion toxin in chick embryo heart cells

1976 • 29 citations

The effect of anthopleurin-A on crayfish giant axon.

1979 • 26 citations

On the nature of “Maculotoxin”, a toxin from the blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena maculosa)

1976 • 21 citations

A site of action of toxin from the anemone Condylactis gigantea

1968 • 20 citations

TTX resistant action potentials in crab nerve after treatment with Meerwein's reagent (proceedings).

1977 • 11 citations