The Consequences of Prenatal Substance Use for the Developing Fetus, Newborn, and Young Child

RECOGNITION OF THE FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME IN EARLY INFANCY

1973 • 2,780 citations

PATTERN OF MALFORMATION IN OFFSPRING OF CHRONIC ALCOHOLIC MOTHERS

1973 • 2,156 citations

The Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1978 • 1,371 citations

Cocaine Use in Pregnancy

1985 • 802 citations

The Prevalence of Illicit-Drug or Alcohol Use during Pregnancy and Discrepancies in Mandatory Reporting in Pinellas County, Florida

1990 • 714 citations

The pharmacology of cocaine related to its abuse.

1989 • 685 citations

Teratogenic Effects of Alcohol in Humans and Laboratory Animals

1980 • 664 citations

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Embryogenesis in a Mouse Model

1981 • 630 citations

Effect of Cocaine on Uterine Blood Flow and Fetal Oxygenation

1987 • 515 citations

Smoking in Pregnancy and Subsequent Child Development

1973 • 451 citations

Teratogenicity of cocaine in humans

1987 • 447 citations

Adverse Effects on Offspring of Maternal Alcohol Abuse during Pregnancy

1977 • 428 citations

Extent of Nicotine and Cotinine Transfer to the Human Fetus, Placenta and Amniotic Fluid of Smoking Mothers

1985 • 426 citations

Teratogens and craniofacial malformations: relationships to cell death

1988 • 397 citations

Perinatal cerebral infarction and maternal cocaine use

1986 • 375 citations

OUTCOME IN OFFSPRING OF CHRONIC ALCOHOLIC WOMEN

1974 • 367 citations

Cocaine use during pregnancy: Adverse perinatal outcome

1987 • 367 citations

The fetal alcohol syndrome in mice: An animal model

1977 • 360 citations

Cocaine Use During Pregnancy: Prevalence and Correlates

1988 • 354 citations

Drug Screening of Newborns by Meconium Analysis: A Large-Scale, Prospective, Epidemiologic Study

1992 • 351 citations

Guidelines for Use of Terminology Describing the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol on the Offspring

1989 • 333 citations

THE EFFECTS OF MATERNAL SMOKING ON FETAL AND INFANT MORTALITY

1988 • 329 citations

THE EFFECTS OF MODERATE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION DURING PREGNANCY ON FETAL GROWTH AND MORPHOGENESIS

1977 • 322 citations

Echoencephalographic findings in neonates assciiated with maternal cocaine and methamphetamine use: Incidence and clinical correlates

1989 • 286 citations

Moderate alcohol use during pregnancy and decreased infant birth weight.

1977 • 285 citations

Effects of Maternal Drinking and Marijuana Use on Fetal Growth and Development

1982 • 273 citations

Prenatal adverse effects of nicotine on the developing brain

1988 • 271 citations

Alcohol Abuse During Pregnancy: An Epidemiologic Study

1980 • 269 citations

DRINKING DURING PREGNANCY AND SPONTANEOUS ABORTION

1980 • 267 citations

Maternal Cocaine Use During Pregnancy: Effect on the Newborn Infant

1989 • 266 citations

EFFECTS ON THE CHILD OF ALCOHOL ABUSE DURING PREGNANCY: Retrospective and Prospective Studies

1979 • 261 citations

A Revised Conservative Estimate of the Incidence of FAS and its Economic Impact

1991 • 260 citations

NATURAL HISTORY OF THE FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME: A 10-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF ELEVEN PATIENTS

1985 • 259 citations

Hemodynamic effects of intravenous cocaine on the pregnant ewe and fetus

1986 • 256 citations

Maternal smoking influences cord serum IgE and IgD levels and increases the risk for subsequent infant allergy

1986 • 254 citations

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and lower respiratory tract illness in early life.

1987 • 252 citations

Smoking during pregnancy

1979 • 245 citations

Risk factors for syphilis: cocaine use and prostitution.

1990 • 244 citations

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure and Fetal Vascular Disruption

1990 • 233 citations

Maternal cocaine use and genitourinary tract malformations

1988 • 227 citations

Prenatal cocaine exposure and fetal vascular disruption.

1990 • 226 citations

Maternal Alcohol Consumption and Birth Weight

1984 • 226 citations

Abruptio placentae associated with cocaine use

1983 • 223 citations

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol and Marijuana Exposure: Disturbances in Neonatal Sleep Cycling and Arousal

1988 • 222 citations

Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol: Effect on Infant Growth and Morphologic Characteristics

1989 • 213 citations

Cocaine abuse during pregnancy: maternal and fetal implications.

1989 • 207 citations

Fetal Lung Hypoplasia Associated with Maternal Smoking: A Morphometric Analysis

1985 • 192 citations

Neonatal neurologic and electroencephalographic effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure

1988 • 192 citations

The perinatal impact of cocaine, amphetamine, and opiate use detected by universal intrapartum screening

1990 • 192 citations

Prenatal Exposure to Parents' Smoking and Childhood Cancer

1991 • 190 citations

Maternal drug use and risk of childhood nonlymphoblastic leukemia among offspring. An epidemiologic investigation implicating marijuana (a report from the childrens cancer study group)

1989 • 189 citations

Species differences in pharmacokinetics and drug teratogenesis.

1986 • 188 citations

Cocaine Effects on the Developing Central Nervous System: Behavioral, Psychopharmacological, and Neurochemical Studies

1989 • 186 citations

A comparison of the effects of prenatal exposure to tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and caffeine on birth size and subsequent growth

1987 • 182 citations

A FOLLOW‐UP STUDY UP TO THE AGE OF 14 OF CHILDREN WHOSE MOTHERS SMOKED DURING PREGNANCY

1983 • 181 citations

Cocaine Use during Pregnancy: Perinatal Outcomes

1991 • 179 citations

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Current Status of Pathogenesis

1990 • 177 citations

Teratogenic effects of ethyl alcohol administered to pregnant mice

1976 • 177 citations

BIAS AGAINST THE NULL HYPOTHESIS: THE REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS OF COCAINE

1989 • 176 citations

A cohort study of alkaloidal cocaine ("crack") in pregnancy.

1988 • 174 citations

The association of marijuana use with outcome of pregnancy.

1983 • 173 citations

Plasma concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in dams and fetuses following acute or multiple prenatal dosing in rats

1989 • 173 citations

Perinatal Outcome of Infants Exposed to Cocaine and/or Heroin In Utero

1989 • 172 citations

Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Ethanol on the Cell Cycle Kinetics and Growth Fraction in the Proliferative Zones of Fetal Rat Cerebral Cortex

1991 • 169 citations

EFFECT OF MARIJUANA USE IN PREGNANCY ON FETAL GROWTH

1986 • 167 citations

Maternal Cocaine Use During Early Pregnancy as a Risk Factor for Congenital Urogenital Anomalies

1989 • 165 citations

Cell Population Depletion Associated with Fetal Alcohol Brain Damage: Mechanisms of BAC‐Dependent Cell Loss

1990 • 165 citations

CIGARETTE SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY AND THE OCCURRENCE OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTION AND CONGENITAL ABNORMALITY

1978 • 163 citations

Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on behavior during the early postnatal period

1989 • 163 citations

Cocaine abuse during pregnancy: Peripartum prevalence and perinatal outcome

1989 • 162 citations

Alcohol Consumption in Pregnant Women and the Outcome of Pregnancy

1978 • 162 citations

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, PREGNANCY, AND LOW BIRTHWEIGHT

1983 • 160 citations

The fetal alcohol syndrome in mice: Maternal variables

1980 • 160 citations

Marijuana use during pregnancy and decreased length of gestation

1984 • 159 citations

The association of alcohol consumption with outcome of pregnancy.

1983 • 157 citations

Congenital malformations and maternal smoking during pregnancy

1986 • 153 citations

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure Is Associated With Respiratory Pattern Abnormalities

1989 • 150 citations

Teratogenic potential of cocaine hydrochloride in CF-1 mice

1980 • 150 citations

Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project

1989 • 148 citations

Prenatal marijuana use and neonatal outcome

1991 • 145 citations

Effects of Maternal Marijuana and Cocaine Use on Fetal Growth

1989 • 144 citations

Maternal cocaine abuse and effect on the newborn.

1986 • 143 citations

Smoking in pregnancy and development into early adulthood.

1988 • 142 citations

The teratogenicity of cocaine

1982 • 141 citations

Cocaine as a cause of congenital malformations of vascular origin: Experimental evidence in the rat

1990 • 141 citations

Fetal and maternal brain and plasma levels of cocaine and benzoylecgonine following chronic subcutaneous administration of cocaine during gestation in rats

1989 • 139 citations

Maternal cigarette smoking: The effects on umbilical and uterine blood flow velocity

1988 • 139 citations

Neonatal Neurological Status in a Low-Risk Population after Prenatal Exposure to Cigarettes, Marijuana, and Alcohol

1987 • 138 citations

Cardiovascular abnormalities in infants prenatally exposed to cocaine

1991 • 138 citations

Prenatal cocaine: Maternal toxicity, fetal effects and locomotor activity in rat offspring

1989 • 137 citations

Risk factors for gastroschisis

1990 • 137 citations

Cocaine: Clinical pharmacology and toxicology

1989 • 136 citations

Neonatal body proportionality and body composition after in utero exposure to cocaine and marijuana

1990 • 133 citations

Effect of nicotine upon uterine blood flow in the pregnant rhesus monkey

1980 • 128 citations

The effect of cocaine abuse on birth weight and gestational age

1989 • 125 citations

Marijuana: Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure in the Human

1985 • 124 citations

Maternal Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption and the Outcome of Pregnancy

1983 • 124 citations

Fetal disposition of ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) during late pregnancy in the rhesus monkey

1987 • 123 citations

Risk of sudden infant death syndrome among infants with in utero exposure to cocaine

1988 • 123 citations

Failure to Recognize Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Newborn Infants

1990 • 123 citations

Alterations in offspring behavior induced by chronic prenatal cocaine dosing

1989 • 122 citations

Perinatal problems (excluding neonatal withdrawal) in maternal drug addiction: A study of 830 cases

1979 • 117 citations

Maternal Cocaine Abuse and Effect on the Newborn

1986 • 115 citations

Dose-dependent consequences of cocaine on pregnancy outcome in the Long-Evans rat

1988 • 114 citations

Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among young Americans: a decade of change, 1976-86.

1988 • 114 citations

Long‐Term Neurochemical and Neurobehavioral Consequences of Cocaine Use during Pregnancy^a

1989 • 114 citations

Neurobehavioral and immunological effects of prenatal cocaine exposure in rat

1990 • 113 citations

Effects of in utero ethanol exposure on the developing dopaminergic system in rats

1990 • 110 citations

Maternal cigarette smoking and oral clefts: a population-based study.

1987 • 109 citations

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Use on the Growth of Children at Three Years of Age

1991 • 107 citations

Weanling rats exposed prenatally to cocaine exhibit an increase in striatal D2 dopamine binding associated with an increase in ligand affinity

1990 • 106 citations

Cocaine and the risk of low birth weight.

1990 • 103 citations

Inhibition of DNA synthesis in neonatal rat brain regions caused by acute nicotine administration

1991 • 103 citations

Cigarettes, Alcohol and Marijuana: Varying Associations with Birthweight

1987 • 102 citations

A case‐control study of maternal smoking and congenital malformations

1990 • 102 citations

Developmental and Behavioral Consequences of Prenatal Drug and Alcohol Exposure

1991 • 102 citations

Alcohol consumption in Dundee primigravidas and its effects on outcome of pregnancy

1988 • 101 citations

Effects of cigarette smoking, alcohol, coffee and tea consumption on preterm delivery

1982 • 101 citations

In utero cocaine exposure: Observations of fetal behavioral state may predict neonatal outcome

1989 • 100 citations

The biologic and social consequences of perinatal cocaine use in an inner-city population: Results of an anonymous cross-sectional study

1991 • 96 citations

The relationship of cocaine use to syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infections among inner city parturient women

1990 • 96 citations

Changing patterns of soft drug use prior to and during pregnancy: A prospective study

1980 • 96 citations

Temporal patterns of cocaine use in pregnancy. Perinatal outcome

1989 • 94 citations

Risk Factors for Early Pregnancy Loss

1990 • 93 citations

Congenital malformations of the central nervous system produced by narcotic analgesics in the hamster

1975 • 92 citations

Prenatal Exposure to Tobacco: I. Effects on Physical Growth at Age Three

1990 • 90 citations

Prevalence of use of cocaine and other substances in an obstetric population

1990 • 88 citations

Effects of Marijuana Use during Pregnancy on Newborn Cry

1989 • 88 citations

Is Moderate Drinking During Pregnancy Associated With an Increased Risk for Malformations?

1987 • 87 citations

Smoking during pregnancy, 1967-80.

1987 • 86 citations

Association between prenatal cocaine exposure and sudden infant death syndrome

1990 • 86 citations

Infant Size at 8 Months of Age: Relationship to Maternal Use of Alcohol, Nicotine, and Caffeine During Pregnancy

1984 • 85 citations

Perinatal opiate treatment delays growth of cortical dendrites

1990 • 84 citations

Circulating Catecholamine Concentrations in Cocaine-Exposed Neonates: A Pilot Study

1991 • 83 citations

Effects of maternal cocaine abuse on the neonatal auditory system

1988 • 83 citations

Critical Periods for Alcohol Teratogenesis in Mice, with Special Reference to the Gastrulation Stage of Embryogenesis

1984 • 83 citations

An Animal Model of the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Beagles

1980 • 82 citations

Effects of Marijuana Use during Pregnancy on Newborn Cry

1989 • 81 citations

Alcohol counselling of 85 pregnant problem drinkers: effect on drinking and fetal outcome.

1988 • 81 citations

Brain growth among fetuses exposed to cocaine in utero: Asymmetrical growth retardation

1992 • 81 citations

Prenatal nicotine exposure impairs β-adrenergic function: Persistent chronotropic subsensitivity despite recovery from deficits in receptor binding

1990 • 80 citations

Cocaine abuse is associated with abruptio placentae and decreased birth weight, but not shorter labor.

1991 • 79 citations

Smoking and the occurrence of congenital malformations and spontaneous abortions: Multivariate analysis

1983 • 78 citations

Reduction of Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy with Benefits to the Newborn

1980 • 78 citations

Substance abuse in pregnant women: recent experience at the Perinatal Center for Chemical Dependence of Northwestern Memorial Hospital.

1989 • 77 citations

Increased Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Infants of Mothers Who Abuse Cocaine

1990 • 77 citations

Metabolism of cocaine by human placentas: Implications for fetal exposure

1990 • 77 citations

Fetal Growth Retardation due to Maternal Tobacco Smoke Exposure in the Rat

1984 • 76 citations

Effects of prenatal exposure to cocaine or related drugs on rat developmental and neurological indices

1990 • 76 citations

Stimulation of brain metabolism by perinatal cocaine exposure

1988 • 76 citations

Neuroanatomic and Neurochemical Abnormalities in Non‐human Primate Infants Exposed to Weekly Doses of Ethanol during Gestation

1990 • 76 citations

Brain-stem transmission time in infants exposed to cocaine in utero

1990 • 74 citations

Prenatal Marijuana Use: Epidemiology, Methodologie Issues, and Infant Outcome

1991 • 74 citations

Prenatal marijuana use: epidemiology, methodologic issues, and infant outcome.

1991 • 74 citations

Developmental Anomalies in Offspring of Pregnant Mice Treated with Nicotine

1958 • 72 citations

Cocaine Exposure in a Term Neonate

1988 • 72 citations

Decreased Cardiac Output in Infants of Mothers Who Abused Cocaine

1990 • 72 citations

Alcohol counselling of 85 pregnant problem drinkers: effect on drinking and fetal outcome

1988 • 71 citations

Perinatal outcome after recent cocaine usage.

1990 • 69 citations

Genetic Effects of Marijuana

1990 • 69 citations

The effect of volume and duration of prenatal ethanol exposure on neonatal physical and behavioral development.

1986 • 69 citations

Relationship between uterine vascular clamping, vascular disruption syndrome, and cocaine teratogenicity

1990 • 69 citations

Incidence of Intrauterine Cocaine Exposure in a Suburban Setting

1991 • 69 citations

Is there a fetal effect with low to moderate alcohol use before or during pregnancy?

1990 • 67 citations

Perspectives on the Pathophysiology of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1990 • 67 citations

Maternal substance use and subsequent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in offspring

1991 • 67 citations

The effects of marijuana use during pregnancy

1982 • 67 citations

Fetal Alcohol Exposure: Cellular Toxicity and Molecular Events Involved in Toxicity

1990 • 66 citations

[Smoking and pregnancy].

1984 • 63 citations

Cigarette Smoking and the Outcome of Human Pregnancies: A Status Report on the Consequences

1981 • 63 citations

Smoking During Pregnancy: Prevalence, Effects, and Intervention Strategies

1991 • 63 citations

Effects of Smoking on Uteroplacental Blood Flow

1984 • 63 citations

Alcohol and abnormal outcomes of pregnancy.

1981 • 62 citations

Prenatal exposure to cannabis: A critical review of effects on growth, development, and behavior

1980 • 62 citations

393 Effect of maternal smoking and age on congenital anomalies

1991 • 62 citations

Sex-dependent biological changes following prenatal nicotine exposure in the rat

1982 • 61 citations

Developmental Pathogenesis of Defects Associated with Prenatal Cocaine Exposure: Fetal Vascular Disruption

1991 • 61 citations

Zinc Deficiency Acts as a Co-Teratogen with Alcohol in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1985 • 61 citations

Experimental studies on nicotine absorption in rats during pregnancy

1968 • 59 citations

Changes in brain catecholamine mechanisms following perinatal exposure to marihuana

1986 • 58 citations

Direct embryotoxicity of cocaine in rats: Effects on mitochondrial activity, cardiac function, and growth and development in vitro

1990 • 58 citations

Retinopathy of Prematurity-Like Fundus and Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous Associated with Maternal Cocaine Use

1987 • 57 citations

Transplacental transfer of morphine in man

1990 • 56 citations

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1986 • 56 citations

Cocaine Use in Pregnant Women in a Large Public Hospital

1988 • 54 citations

Maternal Genetic Effects on Ethanol Teratogenesis and Dominance of Relative Embryonic Resistance to Malformations

1990 • 53 citations

Preliminary evidence for a cocaine-induced embryopathy in mice

1990 • 52 citations

Tissue distribution of cocaine in the pregnant rat

1989 • 52 citations

Birth outcomes for infants of drug abusing mothers.

1989 • 51 citations

Perinatal exposure to cannabinoids alters neurochemical development in rat brain

1988 • 51 citations

Smoking and buccally administered nicotine. Acute effect on uterine and umbilical artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms.

1991 • 51 citations

Effect of intravenous cocaine on uterine blood flow in the gravid baboon

1991 • 51 citations

Opiates, endorphins and the developing organism: A comprehensive bibliography

1982 • 51 citations

Infants born to narcotic-addicted mothers.

1982 • 51 citations

Cannabinoid exposure: effects on development.

1986 • 49 citations

Transient neonatal ventricular tachycardia associated with maternal cocaine use

1989 • 49 citations

Maternal cocaine abuse and necrotizing enterocolitis: Outcome and survival

1991 • 48 citations

Fetal nicotine exposure produces postnatal up-regulation of adenylate cyclase activity in peripheral tissues

1990 • 47 citations

Smoking and pregnancy: attributable risks and public health implications.

1984 • 47 citations

The acquisition of passive avoidance, active avoidance, and spatial navigation tasks by animals prenatally exposed to cocaine

1991 • 46 citations

The pathogenesis of brain abnormalities in the fetal alcohol syndrome: An integrating hypothesis

1984 • 46 citations

THE EFFECT OF MATERNAL ETHANOL INFUSION ON PLACENTAL BLOOD FLOW AND FETAL GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN SHEEP

1990 • 46 citations

Characterization of opioid-dependent glial development in dissociated and organotypic cultures of mouse central nervous system: critical periods and target specificity

1991 • 44 citations

Effects of delta 9-THC, the principal psychoactive component of marijuana, during pregnancy in the rhesus monkey.

1986 • 44 citations

Prolonged Effects of Maternal Alcohol Ingestion on the Neonatal Electroencephalogram

1984 • 44 citations

Exposure to Passive Cigarette Smoking and Child Development

1989 • 43 citations

Abnormalities in Offspring Associated with Prenatal Marihuana Exposure

1985 • 43 citations

Changes with Age in the Proliferative Response of Splenic T Cells from Rats Exposed to Ethanol in Utero

1991 • 43 citations

The effect of prenatal methadone exposure on development and nociception during the early postnatal period of the rat

1991 • 43 citations

Prenatal cocaine exposure in the Long-Evans rat: III. Developmental effects on the brainstem auditory-evoked potential

1990 • 43 citations

Genitourinary tract malformationsand maternal cocaine abuse

1991 • 43 citations

Effects of alcohol (ethanol) on the fetus.

1991 • 42 citations

Marijuana Use in Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcome

1990 • 41 citations

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol during pregnancy in the rat: I. Differential effects on maternal nutrition, embryotoxicity, and growth in the offspring

1987 • 41 citations

Maternal‐Fetal Pharmacokinetics and Fetal Dose‐Response Relationships

1989 • 41 citations

Congenital Renal Abnormalities in Infants with in Utero Cocaine Exposure

1990 • 41 citations

Synaptogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus: Effects of in utero ethanol exposure

1988 • 41 citations

Interactive effects of ethanol intake and maternal nutritional status on skeletal development of fetal rats

1990 • 41 citations

Effect of Ethanol on Maternal and Offspring Characteristics: Comparison of Three Liquid Diet Formulations Fed during Gestation

1991 • 40 citations

Cocaine, Pregnancy, and the Neonate

1989 • 40 citations

The teratogenic effects of nicotine in vitro in rats: A light and electron microscope study

1991 • 40 citations

Effects of cannabis and natural cannabinoids on chromosomes and ova.

1984 • 40 citations

The cumulative scanning electron microscopic changes in baby mouse lungs following prenatal and postnatal exposures to nicotine

1984 • 40 citations

Intracranial hemorrhage in a neonate following prenatal cocaine exposure

1989 • 40 citations

Chemical exposure of embryos during the preimplantation stages of pregnancy: Mortality rate and intrauterine development

1984 • 39 citations

Effects of nicotine on oviducal blood flow and embryo development in the rat

1985 • 38 citations

Effects of Cocaine on Rat Embryo Development in Vivo and in Cultures

1991 • 38 citations

Smoking and Pregnancy

1984 • 38 citations

Issues of risk assessment: Lessons from the use and abuse of drugs during pregnancy

1990 • 37 citations

An investigation of prenatal cannabis exposure and minor physical anomalies in a low risk population.

1984 • 35 citations

Maternal diseases, alcohol consumption and smoking during pregnancy associated with reduction limb defects

1983 • 35 citations

Prenatal cocaine exposure fails to modify neurobehavioral responses and the striatal dopaminergic system in newborn rats

1989 • 35 citations

Clinical implications of recent research on the fetal alcohol syndrome.

1991 • 35 citations

Vital effects of chronic nicotine absorption and chronic hypoxic stress during pregnancy and the nursing period

1971 • 35 citations

Maternal cocaine use during early pregnancy as a risk factor for congenital urogenital anomalies

1989 • 35 citations

PERSPECTIVES ON THE CAUSE AND FREQUENCY OF THE FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

1976 • 34 citations

The Effect of Maternal Ethanol Ingestion on Fetal Vitamin A in the Rat

1990 • 34 citations

Exploratory behavior and locomotor activity: A failure to find effects in animals prenatally exposed to cocaine

1991 • 33 citations

The Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1989 • 33 citations

Effect of smokeless tobacco on the development of the CD‐1 mouse fetus

1989 • 33 citations

Effects of ethanol exposure on the embryo–fetus: experimental considerations, mechanisms, and the role of prostaglandins

1991 • 32 citations

An overview: maternal nicotine and caffeine consumption and offspring outcome.

1982 • 32 citations

Development under the influence of cocaine. II. Comparison of the effects of maternal cocaine and associated undernutrition on brain myelin development in the offspring

1990 • 30 citations

Teratogenic effect of cocaine and diazepam in CF1 mice

1991 • 30 citations

MATERNAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE BEFORE AND DURING PREGNANCY: EFFECT ON DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONS AND GLIAL CELLS IN CULTURE

1991 • 29 citations

Methodological issues in controlled studies on effects of prenatal exposure to drug abuse.

1991 • 29 citations

Acute monoblastic leukemia: A unique subtype—A review from the Childrens' Cancer Study Group

1990 • 28 citations

Inhibition of Retinoic Acid Synthesis and Its Implications in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

1991 • 28 citations

Selective fetal malnutrition: the fetal alcohol syndrome.

1988 • 27 citations

Development under the influence of cocaine. I. A comparison of the effects of daily cocaine treatment and resultant undernutrition on pregnancy and early growth in a large population of rats

1990 • 27 citations

Cocaine alters behavioral states in fetal sheep

1990 • 27 citations

Prenatal cocaine use associated with down regulation of receptors in human placenta.

1987 • 27 citations

The effects of prenatal exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the rest-activity cycle of the preweanling rat

1989 • 27 citations

Tobacco, Alcohol, and Caffeine Use during Pregnancy

1989 • 26 citations

The effects of marijuana use during pregnancy. II. A study in a low-risk home-delivery population

1983 • 26 citations

Cocaine-Induced Supersensitivity in the Human Umbilical Artery

1974 • 26 citations

Maternal Smoking Reduces Prostacyclin Formation in Human Umbilical Arteries: A Study on Strictly Selected Pregnancies

1986 • 26 citations

The Effects of Maternal Cigarette Smoking on Placental Morphology, Histomorphometry, and Biochemistry

1986 • 26 citations

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

1982 • 26 citations

Effect of alpha 1 receptor blockade upon maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to cocaine.

1990 • 25 citations

Failure of acute cocaine administration to differentially affect acoustic startle and activity in rats prenatally exposed to cocaine

1991 • 25 citations

Maternal and fetal cardiovascular effects of nicotine infusion in pregnant sheep

1983 • 25 citations

Respiratory instability in neonates with in utero exposure to cocaine

1991 • 25 citations

Pregnancy outcome following first trimester exposure to cocaine in social users in Toronto, Canada.

1989 • 24 citations

Evaluation of Auditory Brain-stem Response in Full-term Infants of Cocaine-Abusing Mothers

1991 • 24 citations

Circulatory changes in the fetal aorta after maternal smoking

1987 • 24 citations

Epidemiologic detection of low dose effects on the developing fetus.

1981 • 24 citations

Direct effects of nicotine on rabbit preimplantation embryos

1985 • 24 citations

Disposition of acute, multiple-dose ethanol in the near-term pregnant ewe

1987 • 23 citations

Cocaine use and its effect on umbilical artery prostacyclin production

1990 • 23 citations

Successful Fibrinolytic Treatment of Arterial Thrombosis and Hypertension in a Cocaine-Exposed Neonate

1989 • 23 citations

Prenatal cocaine use associated with down regulation of receptors in human placenta

1987 • 23 citations

Effects of Cocaine on the Human Fetus: A Review of Clinical Studies

1989 • 23 citations

Fetal ethanol exposure diminishes hippocampal β-adrenergic receptor density while sparing muscarinic receptors during development

1990 • 22 citations

Effect of perinatal exposure to methadone on brain opioid and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors.

1986 • 22 citations

Low somatomedin C and high growth hormone levels in newborns damaged by maternal alcohol abuse

1990 • 22 citations

Cocaine and fetal death

1990 • 21 citations

Prenatal ethanol exposure and opiatergic influence on puberty in the female rat

1991 • 21 citations

Sexual orientation in male rats prenatally exposed to ethanol

1991 • 21 citations

Teratogenic effects of nicotine on palate formation in mice.

1990 • 20 citations

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol during pregnancy in the rat: Effects on development of RNA, DNA, and protein in offspring brain

1988 • 19 citations

Postnatal effects of nicotine on incisor development of albino mouse

1990 • 19 citations

Pre- and postnatal carbohydrate metabolism of rat lung tissue

1986 • 19 citations

The embryotoxic effects of cannabinoids in rats and mice.

1980 • 19 citations

Maternal cocaine addiction. II: An animal model for the study of brainstem mechanisms operative in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

1990 • 19 citations

Marihuana-induced embryotoxicity in the rabbit*1

1986 • 18 citations

Cocaine and indomethacin: fetal anuria, neonatal edema, and gastrointestinal bleeding.

1991 • 18 citations

Disposition of Cocaine in Pregnant Sheep: II. Physiological Responses

1991 • 17 citations

Effect of cigarette smoke inhalation during pregnancy in Sprague-Dawley rats.

1980 • 17 citations

Smoking and Carboxyhaemoglobin Concentrations in Mothers and Their Newborn Infants

1986 • 17 citations

Alcohol-related birth defects in long- and short-sleep mice: Postnatal litter mortality

1990 • 16 citations

Patterns of Growth and Development in Narcotic-Exposed Children

1991 • 16 citations

Acute effects of maternal smoking on fetal breathing and movements.

1983 • 16 citations

Effect of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on the in Vitro Uptake of α-Amino Isobutyric Acid by Term Human Placental Slices

1987 • 16 citations

Elicitation and modification of the acoustic startle reflex in animals prenatally exposed to cocaine

1991 • 16 citations

Effects of low doses of alcohol on delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol's effects in pregnant rats

1990 • 16 citations

The effects of marijuana smoke on gas exchange in ovine pregnancy.

1987 • 15 citations

The effect of maternal cocaine use on the fetus: Changes in antepartum fetal heart rate tracings

1991 • 15 citations

Syphilis among parturients at an inner city hospital: association with cocaine use and implications for congenital syphilis rates.

1990 • 15 citations

The Effect of Maternal Smoking on Carboxyhemoglobin Levels and Acid-Base Balance of the Fetus

1981 • 14 citations

Maternal Cocaine Abuse and Fetal Anomalies: Evidence for Teratogenic Effects of Cocaine

1991 • 14 citations

Intestinal obstruction following gynecologic surgery.

1958 • 14 citations

Prostacyclin-Like Activity in Umbilical Arteries Is Dose-Dependently Reduced by Maternal Smoking and Related to Nicotine Levels

1990 • 13 citations

Irreversible changes in mature and aging animals following intrauterine drug exposure.

1986 • 13 citations

Maternal-fetal folate transfer: effect of ethanol and dietary folate deficiency

1991 • 13 citations

Maternal Smoking in Relation to the Incidence of Early Neonatal Jaundice

1989 • 13 citations

The metabolic basis of the fetal alcohol syndrome.

1990 • 13 citations

Drug abuse during pregnancy in an inner-city hospital: Prevalence and patterns

1990 • 13 citations

Evaluation of the Teratogenicity of Morphine Sulfate Administered Via a Miniature Implantable Pump

1983 • 12 citations

Opiates as Immunosuppressive and Genotoxic Agents

1991 • 12 citations

Light microscopic aspects of the rat placenta after chronic cadmium administration

1985 • 12 citations

Indomethacin reversal of ethanol-induced suppression of ovine fetal breathing movements and relationship to prostaglandin E2.

1990 • 12 citations

Pre- and post-conceptional tobacco effects on the CD-1 mouse fetus.

1991 • 12 citations

The effects of smoking on fetal, neonatal, and childhood development.

1978 • 11 citations

Prenatal delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the rat: Effects on postweaning growth

1991 • 11 citations

The hemodynamic response of the conscious pregnant guinea pig to nicotine

1987 • 10 citations

Prevention of pediatric pulmonary problems: The importance of maternal smoking

1990 • 10 citations

Perinatal cannabinoid exposure: Effects on hepatic cytochrome P‐450 and plasma protein levels in male mice

1986 • 10 citations

Neonatal intestinal perforation: the "crack" connection.

1990 • 9 citations

Effects of sustained dietary ethanol on the ultrastructure of the visceral yolk‐sac placenta of the rat

1990 • 9 citations

Animal Models of Drug Self-Administration by Smoking

1990 • 8 citations

Ovine placental perfusion balance: Effect of marijuana smoke

1988 • 8 citations

The role of acetate in alcohol-induced alterations of uterine glucose metabolism in the mouse during pregnancy

1990 • 8 citations

Effect of Nicotine Sulfate on the Hemodynamics and Acid Base Balance of Chronically Instrumented Pregnant Sheep

1981 • 7 citations

Postnatal Effects of Nicotine on First Molar Development in the CD-1 Mouse

1991 • 7 citations

Effects of nicotine on murine incisor development.

1990 • 6 citations

Carboxy- and oxyhemoglobin in pregnant ewe and fetus after inhalation of marijuana, marijuana placebo and tobacco cigarette smoke

1988 • 6 citations

Perinatal Drug Abuse

1979 • 6 citations

Intrapartum cocaine use. A case report.

1990 • 6 citations

Postnatal growth in rats prenatally exposed to cigarette smoke or carbon monoxide

1990 • 6 citations

The effect of chronic oral methadone treatment on monkey chorionic gonadotropin, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, progesterone, prolactin and cortisol levels during pregnancy in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

1991 • 5 citations

Uterine blood flow and catecholamine response to repetitive nicotine exposure in the pregnant ewe

1985 • 5 citations

Reversible effects of ethanol in utero on cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum of guinea pig offspring

1991 • 5 citations

Prenatal drug exposure: kinetics and dynamics.

1985 • 5 citations

Acute cardiovascular effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in pregnant anesthetized sheep.

1984 • 4 citations

Cocaine Exposure in a Newborn

1991 • 4 citations

Effects of Perinatal Alcohol Exposure and Dietary Calcium Supplements on Skeletal and Dental Growth in Rats

1991 • 4 citations

Maternal age does not affect tetrahydrocannabinol's in utero actions in rats

1990 • 3 citations

The effect of maternal cocaine use on the fetus: Changes in antepartum fetal heart rate tracings

1991 • 3 citations

Contractile responses of uterine smooth muscle to acetylcholine and marihuana extract

1983 • 2 citations

Compensatory Adrenal Hypertrophy following Unilateral Adrenalectomy of Fetuses of Rats Given Alcohol throughout Gestation

1989 • 1 citations