Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020.

1996 • 7,011 citations

J Heart Lung Transplant 2021;40(4).

2021 • 6,783 citations

Effective physician-patient communication and health outcomes: a review.

1995 • 3,919 citations

Antibiotic Therapy in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1987 • 2,382 citations

Evidence-Based Health Policy—Lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study

1996 • 2,165 citations

Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1995 • 1,928 citations

Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of fluticasone propionate in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the ISOLDE trial

2000 • 1,684 citations

Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The European Respiratory Society Task Force

1995 • 1,618 citations

Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The Lung Health Study

1994 • 1,581 citations

A Comparison of Four Methods of Weaning Patients from Mechanical Ventilation

1995 • 1,439 citations

The Electrophoretic α;₁-Globulin Pattern of Serum in α;₁-Antitrypsin Deficiency

1963 • 1,400 citations

Outcomes following acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive lung disease. The SUPPORT investigators (Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments)

1996 • 1,390 citations

Differences in interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in induced sputum from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma.

1996 • 1,370 citations

Early use of non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on general respiratory wards: a multicentre randomised controlled trial

2000 • 1,214 citations

Effects of Smoking Intervention and the Use of an Inhaled Anticholinergic Bronchodilator on the Rate of Decline of FEV1

1994 • 1,119 citations

Comparison of three methods of gradual withdrawal from ventilatory support during weaning from mechanical ventilation.

1994 • 1,061 citations

Long-Term Treatment with Inhaled Budesonide in Persons with Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Who Continue Smoking

1999 • 1,057 citations

The Efficacy and Cost Effectiveness of Vaccination against Influenza among Elderly Persons Living in the Community

1994 • 1,006 citations

Pathologic Changes in the Peripheral Airways of Young Cigarette Smokers

1974 • 959 citations

Results at 1 year of outpatient multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation: a randomised controlled trial

2000 • 928 citations

Effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Physiologic and Psychosocial Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1995 • 910 citations

Acute Inflammatory Responses in the Airways and Peripheral Blood After Short-Term Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Healthy Human Volunteers

1999 • 875 citations

Effect of Systemic Glucocorticoids on Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1999 • 864 citations

The Relations between Structural Changes in Small Airways and Pulmonary-Function Tests

1978 • 851 citations

Oxidative Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1997 • 851 citations

Randomised controlled trial of nasal ventilation in acute ventilatory failure due to chronic obstructive airways disease

1993 • 845 citations

Long-term effect of inhaled budesonide in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial

1999 • 833 citations

CD8⁺ T-Lymphocytes in Peripheral Airways of Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1998 • 783 citations

How Is Mechanical Ventilation Employed in the Intensive Care Unit?

2000 • 745 citations

Inflammation in bronchial biopsies of subjects with chronic bronchitis: inverse relationship of CD8+ T lymphocytes with FEV1.

1997 • 699 citations

Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Weaning of Patients with Respiratory Failure Due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1998 • 644 citations

Managing Cough as a Defense Mechanism and as a Symptom

1998 • 638 citations

Oral corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective randomised controlled trial

1999 • 597 citations

Regular review: Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library

2000 • 575 citations

Health Effects and Sources of Indoor Air Pollution. Part I

1987 • 550 citations

Randomised controlled trial of respiratory rehabilitation

1994 • 549 citations

The effectiveness of the nicotine patch for smoking cessation. A meta-analysis

1994 • 533 citations

Efficacy of Salmeterol Xinafoate in the Treatment of COPD

1999 • 532 citations

Relationship of Sputum Color to Nature and Outpatient Management of Acute Exacerbations of COPD

2000 • 531 citations

Predictive Factors of Hospitalization for Acute Exacerbation in a Series of 64 Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1999 • 526 citations

INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR THE SELECTION OF LUNG TRANSPLANT CANDIDATES

1998 • 511 citations

Quality of life changes in COPD patients treated with salmeterol.

1997 • 505 citations

Corticosteroids contribute to muscle weakness in chronic airflow obstruction.

1994 • 483 citations

Pathophysiology of cor pulmonale in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Part One.

1994 • 476 citations

Bronchial Microbial Patterns in Severe Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Requiring Mechanical Ventilation

1998 • 470 citations

Cigarette smoking and lung destruction. Accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of cigarette smokers.

1983 • 462 citations

Lung transplantation.

1997 • 448 citations

Air pollution and daily admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 6 European cities: results from the APHEA project

1997 • 435 citations

Prospective study of aetiology and outcome of adult lower-respiratory-tract infections in the community

1993 • 406 citations

Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccine in High-Risk Patients

1986 • 394 citations

Cytotoxicity and Induction of Proinflammatory Cytokines from Human Monocytes Exposed to Fine (PM2.5) and Coarse Particles (PM10–2.5) in Outdoor and Indoor Air

1999 • 389 citations

Activated T-Lymphocytes and Macrophages in Bronchial Mucosa of Subjects with Chronic Bronchitis

1993 • 387 citations

Effect of Lung-Volume–Reduction Surgery in Patients with Severe Emphysema

2000 • 386 citations

Immune and inflammatory function in cigarette smokers.

1987 • 373 citations

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cold-Adapted and Inactivated Vaccines for the Prevention of Influenza A Disease

1994 • 372 citations

The Electrophoretic α;1-Globulin Pattern of Serum in α;1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

1963 • 361 citations

In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a Combination of Ipratropium and Albuterol Is More Effective Than Either Agent Alone

1994 • 358 citations

The Centrilobular Form of Hypertrophic Emphysema and its Relation to Chronic Bronchitis

1957 • 346 citations

Controlled trial of oral prednisone in outpatients with acute COPD exacerbation.

1996 • 345 citations

The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Fifteenth Official Report—1998

2007 • 336 citations

Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease improves after rehabilitation at home

1994 • 336 citations

The Effectiveness of the Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation

1994 • 325 citations

Inflammatory cells and mediators in bronchial lavage of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1998 • 316 citations

Inflammatory Reaction in Pulmonary Muscular Arteries of Patients with Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1999 • 306 citations

Airway Inflammation in COPD Assessed by Sputum Levels of lnterleukin-8*

1997 • 305 citations

Passive smoking exposure in adults and chronic respiratory symptoms (SAPALDIA Study). Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults, SAPALDIA Team.

1994 • 300 citations

Exposure to biomass smoke and chronic airway disease in Mexican women. A case-control study.

1996 • 293 citations

Effects of Theophylline on Diaphragmatic Strength and Fatigue in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1984 • 290 citations

The Natural History of Forced Expiratory Volumes: Effect of Cigarette Smoking and Respiratory Symptoms

1988 • 286 citations

Worsening of pulmonary gas exchange with nitric oxide inhalation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1996 • 269 citations

Woodsmoke Exposure and Risk for Obstructive Airways Disease Among Women

1996 • 265 citations

The host factor in bronchitis

1961 • 254 citations

Socioeconomic status, lung function and admission to hospital for COPD: results from the Copenhagen City Heart Study

1999 • 249 citations

SHORT-TERM INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES FOLLOWING INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION OF FINE AND ULTRAFINE CARBON BLACK IN RATS

1999 • 239 citations

Characteristics of the Inflammation in Biopsies from Large Airways of Subjects with Asthma and Subjects with Chronic Airflow Limitation

1992 • 238 citations

Pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD.

1995 • 238 citations

Noninvasive pressure support ventilation in COPD patients with postextubation hypercapnic respiratory insufficiency

1998 • 235 citations

The Interrelationship of Sputum Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Bronchitis

1999 • 233 citations

Effects of Dihydrocodeine, Alcohol, and Caffeine on Breathlessness and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and Normal Blood Gases

1981 • 231 citations

Mucolytic agents for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2012 • 229 citations

Smoking, changes in smoking habits, and rate of decline in FEV1: new insight into gender differences

1994 • 223 citations

Long-Term Oxygen Therapy

1995 • 223 citations

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Theophylline in Patients with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1989 • 220 citations

Effects of an Immunostimulating Agent on Acute Exacerbations and Hospitalizations in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1997 • 218 citations

Oral acetylcysteine reduces exacerbation rate in chronic bronchitis: report of a trial organized by the Swedish Society for Pulmonary Diseases.

1983 • 217 citations

Domestic smoke pollution and chronic bronchitis in a rural community of the Hill Region of Nepal.

1984 • 217 citations

Reassessment of inflammation of airways in chronic bronchitis.

1985 • 217 citations

Long-term treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with salmeterol and the additive effect of ipratropium

2000 • 215 citations

Physical rehabilitation for the chronic bronchitic: results of a controlled trial of exercises in the home.

1977 • 213 citations

Long-term effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic airway obstruction

1999 • 208 citations

Exercise Rehabilitation and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Stage

1999 • 203 citations

Bronchodilators in chronic air-flow limitation. Effects on airway function, exercise capacity, and quality of life.

1987 • 202 citations

Obstructive Lung Disease Deaths in the United States from 1979 through 1993

1997 • 201 citations

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation To Treat Respiratory Failure

1994 • 199 citations

Respiratory Symptoms in Indian Women Using Domestic Cooking Fuels

1991 • 196 citations

Relation of fetal growth to adult lung function in south India.

1997 • 193 citations

Trends in COPD Morbidity and Mortality in the United States

1989 • 192 citations

Morphology of Peripheral Airways in Current Smokers and Ex-smokers^1–3

1983 • 188 citations

Gender difference in smoking effects on adult pulmonary function

1994 • 180 citations

Respiratory Syncytial and Other Virus Infections in Persons with Chronic Cardiopulmonary Disease

1999 • 179 citations

Randomised controlled trial comparing hospital at home care with inpatient hospital care. II: cost minimisation analysis

1998 • 175 citations

Dose response relation to oral theophylline in severe chronic obstructive airways disease.

1988 • 162 citations

Physician Perceptions and Management of COPD

1993 • 149 citations

Home treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by an acute respiratory assessment service

1998 • 142 citations

Corticosteroid-induced Myopathy Involving Respiratory Muscles in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Asthma

1992 • 136 citations

Current and future medical costs of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Netherlands

1999 • 133 citations

RESPIRATORY FAILURE REVISITED: ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS BETWEEN 1961-68 AND 1970-76

1980 • 131 citations

Pathophysiology of cor pulmonale in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Part two.

1994 • 131 citations

The pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema

1958 • 130 citations

The structure and function of the pulmonary vasculature in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect of oxygen and exercise.

1983 • 128 citations

Acute Purulent Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease andChlamydia pneumoniaeInfection

1999 • 127 citations

Twelve Years Spirometric Changes Among Paris Area Workers

1979 • 126 citations

Dose Response to Ipratropium as a Nebulized Solution in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Three-Center Study

1989 • 125 citations

Prevalence of chronic bronchitis in a rural community of the Hill Region of Nepal.

1984 • 122 citations

Efficacy of inhaled salmeterol in the management of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a single centre randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study.

1995 • 119 citations

Birth characteristics and asthma symptoms in young adults: results from a population-based cohort study in Norway

1998 • 117 citations

Experimental evaluation of rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Short-term effects on exercise endurance and health status.

1990 • 115 citations

Effect of low dose nebulised morphine on exercise endurance in patients with chronic lung disease.

1989 • 115 citations

Comparison of Domiciliary Nebulized Salbutamol and Salbutamol From a Metered-dose Inhaler in Stable Chronic Airflow Limitation

1987 • 114 citations

Experimental evaluation of rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Short-term effects on exercise endurance and health status.

1990 • 113 citations

Reduction in days of illness after long-term treatment with N-acetylcysteine controlled-release tablets in patients with chronic bronchitis

1988 • 112 citations

Worldwide epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1999 • 110 citations

High-dose Inhaled Albuterol in Severe Chronic Airflow Limitation

1988 • 109 citations

The Effect of Sustained-Release Morphine on Breathlessness and Quality of Life in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1998 • 107 citations

Simultaneous Respiratory Tract Colonization by Multiple Strains of NontypeableHaemophilus influenzaein Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Implications for Antibiotic Therapy

1999 • 105 citations

Outcomes of advance directive education of pulmonary rehabilitation patients.

1997 • 105 citations

Risk factors for chronic obstructive lung disease in Saudi Arabia

1994 • 105 citations

The efficacy of orally administered theophylline, inhaled salbutamol, and a combination of the two as chronic therapy in the management of chronic bronchitis with reversible air-flow obstruction.

1985 • 105 citations

Orally administered N-acetylcysteine may improve general well-being in patients with mild chronic bronchitis

1994 • 103 citations

International Comparisons in COPD Mortality

1989 • 103 citations

Different cytokine patterns in bronchial biopsies in asthma and chronic bronchitis

1996 • 102 citations

The Necessary Length of Hospital Stay for Chronic Pulmonary Disease

1991 • 101 citations

Pneumococcal Infection and Immunologic Response to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1987 • 101 citations

Passive Smoking in Obstructive Respiratory Diseases in an Industrialized Urban Population

1994 • 100 citations

The economic impact of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Sweden in 1980 and 1991

2000 • 98 citations

Physician-patient partnership in managing chronic illness

1995 • 96 citations

“Sick of Smoking”: evaluation of a targeted minimal smoking cessation intervention in general practice

1990 • 95 citations

How to help your patients stop smoking

1978 • 90 citations

Inhalation by Nebulization of Albuterol-Ipratropium Combination (Dey Combination) Is Superior to Either Agent Alone in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1998 • 88 citations

The Role of Infection in COPD

1998 • 83 citations

Mechanisms of Neutrophil Recruitment to the Lung by Grain Dust Exposure

1988 • 83 citations

Comparison of nebulised salbutamol and ipratropium bromide with salbutamol alone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

1995 • 83 citations

Effect of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide on airway calibre and bronchial reactivity in asthma and chronic bronchitis

1991 • 82 citations

Withdrawal of Chronic Systemic Corticosteroids in Patients with COPD

2000 • 82 citations

Randomized, Double‐Blind Study of Ciprofloxacin and Cefuroxime Axetil for Treatment of Acute Bacterial Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis

1998 • 81 citations

Bronchopulmonary disease in Iranian housewives chronically exposed to indoor smoke

1998 • 81 citations

Effects of chronic administration of codeine and promethazine on breathlessness and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic airflow obstruction

1987 • 77 citations

Theophylline for Irreversible Chronic Airflow Limitation

1999 • 73 citations

Oral diamorphine: lack of effect on dyspnoea and exercise tolerance in the "pink puffer" syndrome

1991 • 72 citations

Effect of Viral Infections on Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

1980 • 71 citations

Physician-initiated smoking cessation program: the National Cancer Institute trials.

1990 • 66 citations

Spirometric Criteria for Hospital Admission of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD*

1991 • 66 citations

A comparison of generalist and pulmonologist care for patients hospitalized with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: resource intensity, hospital costs, and survival∗∗Access the “Journal Club” discussion of this paper at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ajmselect/

1998 • 64 citations

Improvements in outcomes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) attributable to a hospital-based respiratory rehabilitation programme

1999 • 61 citations

Response to Bronchodilators

1989 • 61 citations

Effect of three different bronchodilators during an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1988 • 58 citations

Relationship between arterial blood gases and spirometry in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1989 • 57 citations

Use of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Emergency Department Evaluation of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1996 • 57 citations

Pneumococcal Vaccine and Patients with Chronic Lung Disease

1986 • 57 citations

Mild prematurity and respiratory functions

1993 • 56 citations

Steroid reversibility test followed by inhaled budesonide or placebo in outpatients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1999 • 54 citations

Comparison of one versus two bronchodilators in ventilated COPD patients

1994 • 52 citations

A long-term prospective assessment of home nebulizer treatment

1992 • 50 citations

Diagnostic labels applied to model case histories of chronic airflow obstruction. Responses to a questionnaire in 11 North American and Western European countries

1989 • 47 citations

Alteration in Breathing Pattern with Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease^1,2

1986 • 46 citations

Dose response study of ipratropium bromide aerosol on maximum exercise performance in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

1996 • 43 citations

Indications for surgery and patient work-up for bullectomy.

1995 • 42 citations

Effect of intravenously Administered Aminophylline on Ventilation/Perfusion Inequality during Recovery from Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1992 • 40 citations

Smoking Cessation: Information for Specialists

1996 • 38 citations

Severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive airways disease: health resource use in general practice and hospital.

1998 • 38 citations

Can a Pulmonary Health Teaching Program Alter Patients’ Ability to Cope with COPD?

1991 • 36 citations

Physician Estimation of FEV1 in Acute Exacerbation of COPD

1994 • 35 citations

Neutrophilic Respiratory Tract Inflammation and Peripheral Blood Neutrophilia After Grain Sorghum Dust Extract Challenge

1995 • 34 citations

Epidemiology: A British Perspective

1995 • 33 citations

Follow-up study of disability among elderly patients discharged from hospital with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

1981 • 30 citations

Asthma in adult life - is there an association with birth weight?

1998 • 29 citations

Low-dose Almitrine Bismesylate in the Treatment of Hypoxemia due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1994 • 29 citations

Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Emphysema

1963 • 29 citations

Results of a multicenter study of nebulized inhalant bronchodilator solutions

1996 • 27 citations

Evaluation of a community-based education program for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

1980 • 25 citations

Long-term Effect of Almitrine Bismesylate in Patients with Hypoxemic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1989 • 25 citations

Symptoms and signs of COPD

1991 • 23 citations

NO: COPD and beyond

1997 • 23 citations

Priority among air pollution factors for preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Shanghai

1992 • 23 citations

Two years treatment with almitrine bismesylate in patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease

1991 • 23 citations

Theophylline concentrations in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD

1990 • 17 citations

SURGICAL OPTIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED EMPHYSEMA

1997 • 15 citations

Inpatient management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

1998 • 9 citations