Energy analysers for charged particle beams

Electron Monochromator Design

1967 • 377 citations

Characteristics of the Trochoidal Electron Monochromator

1970 • 373 citations

The Focusing of Charged Particles by a Spherical Condenser

1938 • 294 citations

Experimentelle Bestimmung der Energieverteilung in thermisch ausgel�sten Elektronenstrahlen

1954 • 292 citations

Design of Retarding Field Energy Analyzers

1961 • 278 citations

On the Analysis of Electronic Velocities by Electrostatic Means

1929 • 262 citations

Ionization in a Mass Spectrometer by Monoenergetic Electrons

1955 • 254 citations

Vibrational Excitation of Nitrogen by Electron Impact

1962 • 219 citations

Cylindrical Capacitor as an Analyzer I. Nonrelativistic Part

1967 • 215 citations

Ionen- und elektronenoptische Zylinderlinsen und Prismen. I

1934 • 197 citations

AN IMPROVED ELECTROSTATIC ELECTRON SELECTOR

1960 • 196 citations

Resolution and Sensitivity Considerations of an Auger Electron Spectrometer Based on Display LEED Optics

1969 • 191 citations

High Resolution, Low Energy Electron Spectrometer

1964 • 165 citations

Measurement of Electron Energies by Deflection in a Uniform Electric Field

1955 • 156 citations

A Parallel Plate Electrostatic Spectrograph

1970 • 148 citations

Design Parameters for the Cylindrical Mirror Energy Analyzer

1972 • 142 citations

Ablenkung von Kathoden- und Kanalstrahlen am Rande eines Kondensators, dessen Streufeld durch eine Blende begrenzt ist

1935 • 141 citations

Trochoidal Electron Monochromator

1968 • 132 citations

Comparison of the Spherical Deflector and the Cylindrical Mirror Analyzers

1968 • 131 citations

The influence of magnetic and electric fringing fields on the trajectories of charged particles

1965 • 123 citations

Measurement of Photoemitted Electron Energy Distributions by an ac Method

1964 • 118 citations

ENHANCEMENT OF SENSITIVITY IN ESCA SPECTROMETERS

1968 • 105 citations

Das Aufl�sungsverm�gen des elektrostatisch-magnetischen Energieanalysators f�r schnelle Elektronen

1964 • 101 citations

Secondary Emission Studies on Ge and Na-Covered Ge

1967 • 97 citations

Energy Spectra of Inelastically Scattered Electrons and LEED Studies of Tungsten

1967 • 93 citations

A Wien Filter for Use as an Energy Analyzer with an Electron Microscope

1971 • 93 citations

Zur Energieverteilung der von Protonen in Gasen ausgel�sten Sekund�relektronen

1957 • 90 citations

Tandem Mass Spectrometer for Study of Ion-Molecule Reactions

1966 • 89 citations

Study of the Electron Optical Properties of an Electron Spectrograph with Coaxial Cylindrical Electrodes

1970 • 78 citations

E×B Mass-Separator Design

1972 • 77 citations

Ion scattering: a spectroscopic tool for study of the outermost atomic layer of a solid surface

1972 • 77 citations

A comparison of the étendue of electron spectrometers

1971 • 75 citations

Minimum Image Size in a Parallel Plate Electrostatic Spectrograph

1970 • 74 citations

The optimum tilt angle for electron stereo-microscopy

1970 • 73 citations

Ion Energy Analyzer for Plasma Measurements

1963 • 72 citations

Improved Electrical Differentiation of Retarding Potential Measurements

1958 • 70 citations

Charged Particle Transmission Through Spherical Plate Electrostatic Analyzers

1967 • 68 citations

Criterion for Comparing Analyzers

1970 • 66 citations

Auger- und Coster-Kronig-�berg�nge der M-Schale von Krypton

1965 • 65 citations

Die Feinstruktur desL-MM-Auger-Elektronenspektrums von Argon und derK-LL-Spektren von Stickstoff, Sauerstoff und Methan

1960 • 63 citations

An energy analysing electron microscope

1966 • 63 citations

Re-Focussing of Electron Paths in a Radial Electrostatic Field

1929 • 59 citations

The Electrostatic Analysis of Ionic Beams

1949 • 57 citations

Resolution and Sensitivity of the Spherical-Grid Retarding Potential Analyzer

1972 • 55 citations

Gegenfeldfilter f�r Elektronenbeugung und Elektronenmikroskopie

1953 • 53 citations

Electrostatic Analyzer for Selection of Homogeneous Ion Beam

1947 • 51 citations

Energy-selecting Electron Microscope

1962 • 48 citations

HIGH‐SENSITIVITY ELECTRON SPECTROMETER

1970 • 47 citations

Der Astigmatismus des Toroidkondensators

1955 • 46 citations

Ein modifiziertes Wiensches Filter als Elektronenmonochromator

1963 • 45 citations

Improved Electron Filter Lens

1961 • 44 citations

An Energy Modulated High Energy Resolution Electron Spectrometer

1971 • 43 citations

Über eine Anordnung zur Filterung von Elektroneninterferenzen

1962 • 43 citations

Die Filterlinse als Monochromator f�r schnelle Elektronen

1966 • 42 citations

Characteristics of the Trochoidal Monochromator by Calculation of Electron Energy Distribution

1972 • 41 citations

Feldkombinationen zur Geschwindigkeits‐ und Massenspektrographie. I

1934 • 41 citations

Cylindrical Mirror Analyzer with Surface Entrance and Exit Slots. I. Nonrelativistic Part

1971 • 40 citations

Electrostatic Energy Analyzer for Studying Gas-Focused Electron Beams and Their Background Media

1968 • 40 citations

Analysis of the Energy Distribution in Cylindrical Electron Spectrometers

1971 • 39 citations

Improvement of the Resolving Power and Transmission of Electrostatic Spectrometers

1971 • 38 citations

Parallel plate analyser with second order focusing property

1972 • 37 citations

Spherical Electrostatic Analyzer for Measurement of Nuclear Reaction Energies

1951 • 37 citations

OPTIMUM DEFLECTION ANGLE FOR CYLINDRICAL AND SPHERICAL ELECTROSTATIC SPECTROMETER

1970 • 33 citations

Optimum adjustment and correction of the Wien filter

1967 • 33 citations

An improved retarding field analyser

1972 • 32 citations

The spherical condenser as a high transmission particle spectrometer

1959 • 31 citations

Electron Absorption Spectrometer Using an Improved Velocity Analyzer

1958 • 31 citations

A high energy resolution Auger electron spectrometer using concentric hemispheres

1972 • 31 citations

The Angular Response of Spherical Plate Electrostatic Analyzers

1969 • 30 citations

An Inexpensive Energy Filter Lens for Large Diameter Electron Beams

1971 • 29 citations

A New Electrostatic Energy Analyzer for ESCA

1972 • 29 citations

Electron Accelerator and High Resolution Analyzer

1955 • 29 citations

Source d'électrons lents monocinétiques

1968 • 28 citations

Instrumental Effects of the Retarding Grids in a LEED Apparatus

1969 • 28 citations

A parallel-plate photoelectron spectrometer

1968 • 27 citations

Eine Gegenfeldanordnung zur Messung von Energie- und Winkelverteilungen gestreuter Elektronen

1960 • 27 citations

Ionization processes in helium at pressures near to atmospheric

1967 • 26 citations

The Spherical Condenser As A High Transmission Particle Spectrometer

1960 • 26 citations

A new compact energy analyzer for Auger and ESCA spectroscopy

1972 • 26 citations

Spektrometrie von Elektronen-Interferenzen

1954 • 26 citations

The Geometric Factor of a Cylindrical Plate Electrostatic Analyzer

1972 • 26 citations

Time-of-Flight Electron Velocity Spectrometer

1967 • 25 citations

Methods of Measuring the Performance of an Electrostatic Spectrometer

1971 • 25 citations

Windowless Photoelectron Spectrometer for High Resolution Studies of Solids and Surfaces

1971 • 25 citations

A double wienfilter as a high resolution, high transmission electron energy analyser

1970 • 24 citations

Instrument Function of a Cylindrical Electron Energy Analyzer

1972 • 23 citations

Untersuchung der charakteristischen Energieverluste mit Hilfe der Gegenfeldmethode

1956 • 22 citations

Magnetic Effects on the Transmission of Electrons through an Aperture and Their Application to the Retarding-Potential-Difference Technique

1967 • 21 citations

Ein hochempfindlicher Gegenfeld-Energieanalysator f�r Elektronen

1962 • 21 citations

Some properties of symmetrical slit ("cylindrical") electron lenses

1954 • 20 citations

Characteristics of the Möllenstedt Electron Velocity Analyzer

1966 • 20 citations

Reanalysis of the Trajectories of Electrons in 127° Cylindrical Spectrometers

1972 • 20 citations

“Energy Analysis of Electron Diffraction Patterns”

1960 • 20 citations

On the Theory of the Electrostatic Beta-Particle Analyzer. V

1951 • 20 citations

Instrumental Effects in a Retarding Field Energy Analyzer

1969 • 20 citations

Study of Calibration, Resolution, and Transmission of Electrostatic Velocity Selector

1971 • 20 citations

Crossed Electric and Magnetic Field Multichannel Ion Analyzer

1960 • 19 citations

Beitrag zur Erh�hung der Aufl�sung des elektrostatischen Geschwindigkeitsanalysators

1958 • 19 citations

Fringing Field of Electrostatic Analyzers

1972 • 18 citations

Analog Plotting System for Recording Energy Spectra of Low Energy Charged Particles

1966 • 18 citations

Eine inverse Gegenfeldmethode zur Energieanalyse von Elektronen- und Ionen-Strahlen

1962 • 17 citations

An Apparatus for Electron Energy Analysis in Glow Discharge Plasmas

1972 • 17 citations

A Plane Electrostatic Analyzer for Laser Produced Plasma Studies

1971 • 14 citations

Crossed Field Velocity Selector

1968 • 14 citations

The characteristics of the M llenstedt velocity analyser

1965 • 13 citations

Optimum transport in charged particle analysers

1972 • 12 citations

Comparison of Modulated Retarding Potential Difference and Retarded Energy Modulated Electron Spectrometers

1972 • 12 citations

Aufl�sungsgrenze des elektrostatischen Energie-Analysators und hochaufl�sende Elektronen-Spektrometrie

1966 • 12 citations

Note on Accelerating Components in Particle Spectrometers

1958 • 11 citations

Experimental Investigation of the Cylindrical Mirror Analyzer with a 2π-Thermionic Electron Source

1972 • 11 citations

Energy distributions of ions from the anode plasma of a pulsed vacuum arc

1972 • 11 citations

An electrostatic electron energy analyser for 3-20 keV electrons

1971 • 10 citations

A Quadrupole Energy Filter

1970 • 10 citations

Détermination des grandeurs caractéristiques des analyseurs électrostatiques toriques. Application à l'optimisation d'analyseurs utilisés en physique spatiale

1972 • 9 citations

Beta-Ray Spectrometers

1953 • 8 citations

Production of Irotons and Negative Ions with Low Energy Spread

1965 • 8 citations

Transmission of Electrons through an Aperture and Its Application to the RPD Technique

1967 • 7 citations

An Electrostatic Analyzer with No Fringe Field for Measurements of Low Energy Particles on Space Vehicles

1970 • 7 citations

A Data Acquisition System with Isolated Output Voltage for Acquiring Events-versus-Voltage Spectra

1972 • 5 citations

A Crossed Field Velocity Analyzer for Plasma Ions

1970 • 3 citations

Improvement of Energy Resolution in Hughes-McMillen 127° Electrostatic Energy Selector

1969 • 3 citations

A Directional Analyzer for Ion and Electron Velocity Distributions

1969 • 2 citations

Quadrupole energy filter with plane electrodes

1972 • 2 citations