Specific Nucleus as the Transition State for Protein Folding: Evidence from the Lattice Model

Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines

1953 • 34,935 citations

Stability of Proteins Small Globular Proteins

1979 • 2,139 citations

Spin glasses and the statistical mechanics of protein folding.

1987 • 1,608 citations

Estimation of effective interresidue contact energies from protein crystal structures: quasi-chemical approximation

1985 • 1,570 citations

Specific Intermediates in the Folding Reactions of Small Proteins and the Mechanism of Protein Folding

1982 • 1,041 citations

A lattice statistical mechanics model of the conformational and sequence spaces of proteins

1989 • 962 citations

How does a protein fold?

1994 • 947 citations

Protein folding funnels: a kinetic approach to the sequence-structure relationship.

1992 • 923 citations

Nucleation, Rapid Folding, and Globular Intrachain Regions in Proteins

1973 • 826 citations

Intermediates and barrier crossing in a random energy model (with applications to protein folding)

1989 • 748 citations

Formation of a Molten Globule Intermediate Early in the Kinetic Folding Pathway of Apomyoglobin

1993 • 735 citations

The folding of hen lysozyme involves partially structured intermediates and multiple pathways

1992 • 719 citations

Some problems of the statistical physics of polymer chains with volume interaction

1978 • 711 citations

Structural Characterization of a Partly Folded Apomyoglobin Intermediate

1990 • 708 citations

Evidence for a molten globule state as a general intermediate in protein folding

1990 • 677 citations

Protein-folding dynamics

1976 • 626 citations

Kinetics of Protein Folding

1994 • 572 citations

Protein folding: Hypotheses and experiments

1987 • 544 citations

Engineering of stable and fast-folding sequences of model proteins.

1993 • 543 citations

Characterization of a partly folded protein by NMR methods: studies on the molten globule state of guinea pig .alpha.-lactalbumin

1989 • 473 citations

Transient folding intermediates characterized by protein engineering

1990 • 446 citations

Proteins with selected sequences fold into unique native conformation

1994 • 395 citations

Kinetics and thermodynamics of folding in model proteins.

1993 • 371 citations

Optimal protein-folding codes from spin-glass theory.

1992 • 341 citations

Simulations of the Folding of a Globular Protein

1990 • 322 citations

Formation of unique structure in polypeptide chains

1989 • 319 citations

Structural description of acid-denatured cytochrome c by hydrogen exchange and 2D NMR

1990 • 306 citations

Protein folding bottlenecks: A lattice Monte Carlo simulation

1991 • 296 citations

Theory of cooperative transitions in protein molecules. I. Why denaturation of globular protein is a first‐order phase transition

1989 • 288 citations

Implications of thermodynamics of protein folding for evolution of primary sequences

1990 • 279 citations

Studies on protein folding, unfolding, and fluctuations by computer simulation. II. A. Three‐dimensional lattice model of lysozyme

1978 • 264 citations

Enumeration of all compact conformations of copolymers with random sequence of links

1990 • 256 citations

Demonstration by NMR of folding domains in lysozyme

1991 • 246 citations

A new approach to the design of stable proteins

1993 • 240 citations

Conformations of folded proteins in restricted spaces

1990 • 231 citations

Early hydrogen-bonding events in the folding reaction of ubiquitin.

1992 • 220 citations

Early steps in cytochrome c folding probed by time-resolved circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy

1992 • 219 citations

The folding of an enzyme

1992 • 216 citations

Detection and characterization of a folding intermediate in barnase by NMR

1990 • 212 citations

A general method for the prediction of the three dimensional structure and folding pathway of globular proteins: Application to designed helical proteins

1993 • 196 citations

Analysis of Monte Carlo results on the kinetics of lattice polymer chains with excluded volume

1975 • 184 citations

Peptide models of protein folding initiation sites. 1. Secondary structure formation by peptides corresponding to the G- and H-helixes of myoglobin

1993 • 175 citations

Dynamic Monte Carlo simulations of a new lattice model of globular protein folding, structure and dynamics

1991 • 170 citations

A computer model to dynamically simulate protein folding: Studies with crambin

1989 • 166 citations

Theory of cooperative transitions in protein molecules. II. Phase diagram for a protein molecule in solution

1989 • 157 citations

Characterization of a partially denatured state of a protein by two-dimensional NMR: reduction of the hydrophobic interactions in ubiquitin

1991 • 154 citations

Characterization of the transition state of Lysozyme unfolding. I. Effect of protein‐solvent interactions on the transition state

1984 • 149 citations

A sequential model of nucleation-dependent protein folding: Kinetic studies of ribonuclease A

1972 • 132 citations

Simulation of Polymer Motion

1984 • 128 citations

An analysis of protein folding pathways

1991 • 116 citations

Extracting information on folding from the amino acid sequence: Accurate predictions for protein regions with preferred conformation in the absence of tertiary interactions

1992 • 110 citations

‘All‐or‐none’ mechanism of the molten globule unfolding

1992 • 96 citations

Why are the same protein folds used to perform different functions?

1993 • 91 citations

Dynamic Monte Carlo simulations of globular protein folding/unfolding pathways

1990 • 87 citations

Peptide models of protein folding initiation sites. 3. The G-H helical hairpin of myoglobin

1993 • 85 citations

Comparison of lattice Monte Carlo dynamics and Brownian dynamics folding pathways of α-helical hairpins

1991 • 76 citations

Monte Carlo simulation of folding transitions of simple model proteins using a chain growth algorithm

1992 • 75 citations

Protein structure by distance analysis

1994 • 74 citations

Monte Carlo studies of lattice-model polymer chains. III. Relaxation of Rouse coordinates

1973 • 71 citations

The Phase Transition between a Compact Denatured State and a Random Coil State in Staphylococcal Nuclease is First-Order

1993 • 58 citations

Extracting information on folding from the amino acid sequence: Consensus regions with preferred conformation in homologous proteins

1992 • 53 citations

Self-Avoiding Walks on the Simple Cubic Lattice

1963 • 51 citations

The isolated C-terminal (F2) fragment of the Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase .beta.2-subunit folds into a stable, organized nonnative conformation

1991 • 42 citations

Effect of sequence and intermolecular interactions on the number and nature of low-energy states for simple model proteins

1993 • 21 citations

A Microbiological Method of Standardizing Liver Extracts

1947 • 5 citations