Common molecular determinants of local anesthetic, antiarrhythmic, and anticonvulsant block of voltage-gated Na+ channels.

Local anesthetics: hydrophilic and hydrophobic pathways for the drug-receptor reaction.

1977 • 1,746 citations

Time- and voltage-dependent interactions of antiarrhythmic drugs with cardiac sodium channels

1977 • 899 citations

Molecular Mechanisms of Local Anesthesia

1990 • 840 citations

Cellular and molecular biology of voltage-gated sodium channels

1992 • 837 citations

Nitrendipine block of cardiac calcium channels: high-affinity binding to the inactivated state.

1984 • 834 citations

Molecular Determinants of State-Dependent Block of Na ⁺ Channels by Local Anesthetics

1994 • 829 citations

The Inhibition of Sodium Currents in Myelinated Nerve by Quaternary Derivatives of Lidocaine

1973 • 660 citations

Lidocaine block of cardiac sodium channels.

1983 • 660 citations

Antiepileptic drugs: pharmacological mechanisms and clinical efficacy with consideration of promising developmental stage compounds.

1990 • 647 citations

Local anesthetic block of sodium channels in normal and pronase-treated squid giant axons

1978 • 204 citations

Slow binding of phenytoin to inactivated sodium channels in rat hippocampal neurons.

1994 • 201 citations

Interactions between quaternary lidocaine, the sodium channel gates, and tetrodotoxin

1979 • 197 citations

A Critical Role for Transmembrane Segment IVS6 of the Sodium Channel α Subunit in Fast Inactivation

1995 • 175 citations

Antiarrhythmic drug classification: New science and practical applications

1985 • 142 citations

On the Molecular Nature of the Lidocaine Receptor of Cardiac Na ⁺ Channels

1995 • 116 citations

Interactions of flecainide with guinea pig cardiac sodium channels. Importance of activation unblocking to the voltage dependence of recovery.

1990 • 110 citations

The rates of interaction of local anesthetics with sodium channels in nerve.

1978 • 89 citations

Na channel activation gate modulates slow recovery from use-dependent block by local anesthetics in squid giant axons

1985 • 71 citations

Dissecting lidocaine action: diethylamide and phenol mimic separate modes of lidocaine block of sodium channels from heart and skeletal muscle

1993 • 66 citations

Effects of quinidine on the sodium current of guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Evidence for a drug-associated rested state with altered kinetics.

1990 • 66 citations

Cardiac sodium channels (hH1) are intrinsically more sensitive to block by lidocaine than are skeletal muscle (mu 1) channels.

1995 • 64 citations

Kinetic analysis of phasic inhibition of neuronal sodium currents by lidocaine and bupivacaine

1990 • 58 citations

Structure-activity relationship of lidocaine homologs producing tonic and frequency-dependent impulse blockade in nerve.

1986 • 46 citations

Aminoalkyl structural requirements for interaction of lidocaine with the class I antiarrhythmic drug receptor on rat cardiac myocytes.

1991 • 33 citations

Open Na+ channel blockade: multiple rest states revealed by channel interactions with disopyramide and quinidine

1994 • 15 citations