Evolution of Autoantibody Responses via Somatic Hypermutation Outside of Germinal Centers

Chromatin–IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors

2002 • 1,877 citations

The role of clonal selection and somatic mutation in autoimmunity

1987 • 714 citations

Anti-DNA antibodies from autoimmune mice arise by clonal expansion and somatic mutation.

1990 • 672 citations

From T to B and back again: positive feedback in systemic autoimmune disease

2001 • 553 citations

Cellular interaction in germinal centers. Roles of CD40 ligand and B7-2 in established germinal centers.

1995 • 481 citations

Differentiation of B cells in the nonlymphoid tissue of the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

1996 • 433 citations

CD40-CD40L independent Ig gene hypermutation suggests a second B cell diversification pathway in humans

2001 • 405 citations

Antigen-induced B-cell death and elimination during germinal-centre immune responses

1995 • 377 citations

Affinity maturation without germinal centres in lymphotoxin-α-deficient mice

1996 • 322 citations

Fas Is Required for Clonal Selection in Germinal Centers and the Subsequent Establishment of the Memory B Cell Repertoire

2001 • 249 citations

Dendritic cells associated with plasmablast survival

1999 • 144 citations

A disease-related rheumatoid factor autoantibody is not tolerized in a normal mouse: implications for the origins of autoantibodies in autoimmune disease.

1996 • 139 citations

FAS is highly expressed in the germinal center but is not required for regulation of the B-cell response to antigen.

1995 • 134 citations

A rheumatoid factor transgenic mouse model of autoantibody regulation

1993 • 133 citations

The variable genes and gene families of the mouse immunoglobulin κ locus

1999 • 99 citations

Autoantigen-Specific B Cell Activation in FAS-Deficient Rheumatoid Factor Immunoglobulin Transgenic Mice

1999 • 74 citations

Expression of Fas in B cells of the mouse germinal center and Fas-dependent killing of activated B cells

1995 • 73 citations

Somatic Mutation of Immunoglobulin V Genes in Vitro

1996 • 64 citations

Soluble antigen can impede affinity maturation and the germinal center reaction but enhance extrafollicular immunoglobulin production.

1995 • 46 citations