Morphine-3-Glucuronide Has a Minor Effect on Morphine Antinociception. Pharmacodynamic Modeling

Comparison of four basic models of indirect pharmacodynamic responses

1993 • 780 citations

Analgesic Effect of Morphine Glucuronides

1971 • 367 citations

Morphine-6-glucuronide, a potent mu agonist

1987 • 365 citations

Physiologic indirect response models characterize diverse types of pharmacodynamic effects

1994 • 344 citations

Morphine-3-glucuronide - a potent antagonist of morphine analgesia

1990 • 341 citations

Morphine Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Humans

1993 • 265 citations

High Doses of Spinal Morphine Produce a Nonopiate Receptormediated Hyperesthesia

1986 • 256 citations

Mu receptor binding of some commonly used opioids and their metabolites

1991 • 252 citations

ACUTE ATROPINE POISONING

1948 • 224 citations

Morphine-3-glucuronide may functionally antagonize morphine-6-glucuronide induced antinociception and ventilatory depression in the rat

1992 • 209 citations

The pharmacokinetics of morphine and morphine glucuronides in kidney failure

1993 • 202 citations

Pharmacology of the allodynia in rats evoked by high dose intrathecal morphine.

1988 • 194 citations

Disappearance of morphine-induced hyperalgesia after discontinuing or substituting morphine with other opioid agonists

1994 • 182 citations

Antinociceptive and ventilatory effects of the morphine metabolites: morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine-3-glucuronide

1991 • 178 citations

A molecular basis for drug action

1964 • 175 citations

Intrathecal high dose morphine produces hyperalgesia in the rat

1981 • 173 citations

Oral morphine in cancer pain: influences on morphine and metabolite concentration

1990 • 163 citations

Pharmacodynamic model of tolerance: application to nicotine.

1988 • 161 citations

Morphine derivatives with diminished opiate receptor potency show enhanced central excitatory activity

1979 • 149 citations

Hyperalgesia and myoclonus in terminal cancer patients treated with continuous intravenous morphine

1993 • 147 citations

Observations on the neuropharmacology of morphine and morphinelike analgesia.

1960 • 143 citations

Species difference of site-selective glucuronidation of morphine.

1991 • 128 citations

Acute Tolerance in Morphine Analgesia

1991 • 123 citations

Differential development of acute tolerance to analgesia, respiratory depression, gastrointestinal transit and hormone release in a morphine infusion model

1989 • 123 citations

Morphine-3-glucuronide: evidence to support its putative role in the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of morphine in the rat

1995 • 119 citations

ACUTE TOLERANCE TO NARCOTIC ANALGESIC DRUGS IN RATS

1968 • 116 citations

Hot plate versus tail flick: Evaluation of acute tolerance to continuous morphine infusion in the rat model

1995 • 108 citations

Acute tolerance to furosemide diuresis in humans. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling.

1985 • 107 citations

The Effects of Caffeine and Theophylline on Nociceptive Stimulation in the Rat

1973 • 104 citations

The excitatory effects of morphine-3-glucuronide are attenuated by LY274614, a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, and by midazolam, an agonist at the benzodiazepine site on the GABAA receptor complex

1994 • 104 citations

An improved method for the simultaneous determination of morphine and its principal glucuronide metabolites

1988 • 98 citations

Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Morphine and Morphine Glucuronides after Oral Morphine

1994 • 96 citations

The enantioselective glucuronidation of morphine in rats and humans

1989 • 93 citations

Morphine‐6‐glucuronide Has High Affinity for the Opioid Receptor

1987 • 91 citations

Demonstration of tolerance and physical dependence in the dog following a short-term infusion of morphine.

1961 • 77 citations

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of morphine‐3‐glucuronide in rats and its influence on the antinociceptive effect of morphine

1993 • 74 citations

Concentrations of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine-3-glucuronide in serum and cerebrospinal fluid following morphine administration to patients with morphine-resistant pain

1994 • 73 citations

Enhanced binding of morphine and nalorphine to opioid delta receptor by glucuronate and sulfate conjugations at the 6-position

1987 • 70 citations

Morphine and morphine metabolite concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma in cancer pain patients after slow-release oral morphine administration

1995 • 68 citations

Pharmacology of Morphine and Morphine‐3‐glucuronide at Opioid, Excitatory Amino Acid, GABA and Glycine Binding Sites

1994 • 66 citations

A molecular basis for drug action.: The interaction of one or more drugs with different receptors

1964 • 64 citations

Modeling of tolerance development and rebound effect during different intravenous administrations of morphine to rats.

1993 • 63 citations

Lack of effect of morphine-3-glucuronide on the spinal antinociceptive actions of morphine in the rat: an electrophysiological study

1993 • 60 citations

Intrathecal morphine-3-glucuronide does not antagonize spinal antinociception by morphine or morphine-6-glucuronide in rats

1993 • 58 citations

Influence of renal function on the elimination of morphine and morphine glucuronides

1988 • 57 citations

Ventilatory Effects of Fourth Cerebroventricular Infusions of Morphine-6− or Morphine-3-Glucuronide in the Awake Dog

1989 • 57 citations

Pharmacodynamic model for acute tolerance development to the electroencephalographic effects of alfentanil in the rat.

1995 • 53 citations

Quantification of effect delay and acute tolerance development to morphine in the rat.

1993 • 50 citations

Single-dose tolerance to morphine hypothermia in the rat: differentiation of acute from long-term tolerance.

1977 • 50 citations

Morphine-3-glucuronide: Silent regulator of morphine actions

1994 • 47 citations

Prolactin release after remoxipride by an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model with intra- and interindividual aspects.

1995 • 47 citations

Species differences in metabolism of codeine: urinary excretion of codeine glucuronide, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide in mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits

1990 • 46 citations

Relationship between morphine analgesia and cortical extracellular fluid levels of morphine and its metabolites in the rat: a microdialysis study

1995 • 45 citations

A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of tolerance to morphine analgesia during infusion in rats

1995 • 34 citations

Effect of prior morphine-3-glucuronide exposure on morphine disposition and antinociception

1997 • 32 citations

Determination of morphine in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by gas chromatography and selected ion monitoring after reversed-phase column extraction

1984 • 27 citations

Morphine-6-beta-D-glucuronide respiratory pharmacodynamics in the neonatal guinea pig.

1994 • 27 citations

A model eliciting transient responses

1984 • 24 citations

Effects of morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine on the K+-evoked release of [3H]-glutamic acid and [14C]-gamma-aminobutyric acid from rat brain synaptosomes

1995 • 16 citations